All Questions
Tagged with formatting or notation
267 questions
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Rules to follow while writing a chemical formula for polyatomic ions
In Science, textbook for class IX, chapter $3$ [1,p.38], it states:
The rules that you have to follow while writing a chemical formula are as follows:
in compounds formed with polyatomic ions, the ...
- 117
6
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2
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737
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What does K° signify in this reaction?
What does the K° signify in the above reaction. Is it just a typo, or is it supposed to symbolize something?
EDIT: This screenshot is from the solutions manual. In the original textbook, the author ...
- 1,051
2
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1
answer
336
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Convention in electrochemical cell notation
While writing the cell notation for a cell, doesn't one have to write the two states in which a species exists in a sequence appropriate to the reaction in which they participate?
For example, in the ...
- 1,152
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1
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256
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Proper notation of doubly charged ions
I have always notated doubly charged ions with a superscript $++,$ such as $\ce{He^{++}}.$ For more highly-charged ions I would denote them with the number of charges, such as $\ce{Pt^{4+}}.$
...
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2
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How to identify if a material is perovskite or not?
This is more of a materials science question, but I believe many of you have referred NIST Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) database.
I am collecting a database of perovskite materials and ...
- 257
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2
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What is the "‡" symbol meaning in a reaction mechanism?
I was studying hydroboration from Clayden's Organic Chemistry [1, p. 1281] and the transition state had “‡” symbol in the upper right corner of the activated complex:
We know that this is not the ...
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0
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435
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What is the correct electron dot notation of carbon?
My book says that the dot notation for Lewis structure of carbon has 2 possible ways:
two dots on the right, one on the top, one on the left
one dot on all four sides
Why are both of these correct? ...
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Notation in atomic structure
In the book, The theory of atomic structure and spectra, Robert D. Cowan says that the allowed terms of $p^2$ are $^1S$, $^1D$, $^3P$ and so the possible terms of $p^2 + p\quad$ (obtained by using the ...
- 447
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1
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Writing a organic reaction in different form
Can I write this reaction
$$\ce{A + B ->[\ce{X}] C + D ->[\ce{Y}] E + F}$$
as
$$\ce{A + B ->[\ce{(1) X}][\ce{(2) Y}] E + F}$$
Can I write any organic reaction in this way or are there any ...
- 141
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1
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Connection between irreducible representations and electronic states in diatomic molecules
I am trying to understand the connection between irreducible representations and molecular electronic states.
To explain the problem: I found some potential energy curves (PECs) for $\ce{N2+}$ in the ...
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1
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How do I denote a measurement with a margin of error using ±?
I am trying to express a quantity that is measured to be $\pu{0.75 mL}$, but could be anywhere between $\pu{0.7 mL}$ and $\pu{0.8 mL}$. Is this the correct way to do it?
$$\pu{0.75 mL} \pm \pu{0.05 ...
- 123
1
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1
answer
57
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Question on notation
Here, when they write $v/(\mathrm{mol\ s^{-1}\ (kg\ \text{protein})^{-1}})$ is $0.30$ for the first row first column, do they mean that the value is $0.30\ \mathrm{mol\ s^{-1}\ (kg\ \text{protein})^{-...
- 195
2
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1
answer
366
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Why do we write electrode potentials next to chemical reactions? [closed]
We might have a half cell consisting of the redox couple $\ce{Ag+}/\ce{Ag}$, which for example's sake might be fixed to be at the cathode (i.e. undergoing reduction).
The reaction at the cathode is ...
- 247
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1
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What does (sol) in a chemical equation mean?
I'm reading Shrivers Inorganic Chemistry book and some of the equations have a (sol) state on them. I'm sure the book has already defined this but I cannot find where.
Examples:
\begin{align}
\ce{[...
- 151
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1
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391
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Formating a chemical equation - Physical states
I study chemistry in an University and I have two professors that says opposing things. One says that the physical state must be subscribed (1 at the picture) and other that it must be written to the ...
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What is the @ symbol used for in material science?
I came across the phrase "Silicone Rubber/Paraffin@Silicon Dioxide" also written as $\ce{SR/pa@SiO2}$, utilising the @ symbol.
How can I understand what this means?...
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Has anyone encountered the use of Omega to represent equilibrium?
One of my lecturers last year (a pharmacologist by training) used the symbol $\Omega ^m$ as a shorthand for equilibrium. He implied it was common practice but I've never come across it elsewhere. I ...
- 606
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0
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Is there a standardized way to assign a label to the symbol of a chemical element (in a published work)?
When referring to a particular atom, both in text and when using a graphical representation, several conventions are being applied.
In the field of crystallography an arabic numeral either follows ...
- 38.5k
4
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1
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486
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An exception to the IUPAC convention for italicisation (typography)
According to IUPAC, only physical quantities and variables must be italicised.
Section 8 Use of Italic and Roman Fonts for Symbols in Scientific Text of ICTNS Guidelines for Drafting IUPAC Technical ...
- 1,098
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1
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Confused on how to draw cis-[Ni(H2O)4(NH3)2]Cl2 [closed]
I got a question on my practice exam telling me to draw cis-diamminetetraaquanickel(II) chloride, but I'm not sure on how to place the two $\ce{Cl}$ atoms.
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1
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Meaning of mass concentration "units" % m/v [closed]
In a saline solution that is 5.750% (m/v) potassium iodide $(\ce{KI}),$ there are:
a) 5.750 mL $\ce{KI}$ per 100.0 mL $\ce{H2O}$
b) 575.0 mg $\ce{KI}$ per 10.00 mL of $\ce{KI}$ solution
c) 5.750 g $\...
- 11
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2
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Why do we use [H⁺] and [OH⁻] in balancing redox reactions instead of using [H₃O⁺] and [OH⁻]? [duplicate]
For what reason is it universally agreed upon that we use $$\ce{H+ + OH-}$$ ions in balancing water on either side of the reaction, but not the $$\ce{H3O+}$$ ions?
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2
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“T” in subscript in formulas
Does a “T” in a formula subscript indicate all possible numbers of atoms? $\ce{FeO_T}$ is the specific one I came across (in the "bulk chemistry" table here: https://sciences.ucf.edu/class/...
- 121
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3
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3k
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What does a comma signify in inorganic chemistry?
$\ce{(Ca{,}Co)CO3}$
I have never ever seen this before. What does this mean exactly?
- 147
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1
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373
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How to distinguish mass concentration and density?
I am writing a proof where I have to mention both with density and of a material and mass concentration (mass/volume) of a material.
I am using the letter $\rho$ to represent density, and I didn't ...
- 129
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1
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What does "lit." mean in boiling point or melting point specification?
For example, this Xanthene 99% specification from Sigma Aldrich states:
\begin{array} \\\hline
\text{bp} & 310-312 ~^\circ\mathrm{C~ (lit.)} \\\hline
\text{mp} & 101-102 ~^\circ\mathrm{C~ (...
- 209
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1
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608
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How to you show a 3-center 2-electron bond in a Lewis structure?
How would you write $\ce{PCl5}$ or other hyper-conjugate molecules as a Lewis structure that indicates 3-center 2-electron bonds?
I have seen depictions [1] for transition metal complexes but not for ...
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How to convert wedge–dash structure into Fischer projection? [closed]
I am very confused when a compound with more than one chiral centre is given. How to find whether the two compounds are enantiomers or diasteromers?
Please also explain how to convert more than one ...
- 244
4
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2
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Y-axis of the reaction co-ordinate graph
In the graph of the reaction co-ordinate, is the $y$-axis that is used $∆H,$ $∆U$ or $∆G$?
- 1,246
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Multiplicity letter codes for large amount of states
Well, let's say we have a large amount of states computed (e.g. over 50), all with the same multiplicity.
So, our ground state can be $X^2\Sigma^+_g$ and we can continue with $B^2, C^2$ etc. as ...
- 1,267
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How are lowercase k and uppercase K used in general chemistry courses? [closed]
Where do lowercase k and uppercase K make appearances in general chemistry, and what do they signify?
- 42.3k
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How are lowercase m and uppercase M used in general chemistry courses? [closed]
Where do lowercase m and uppercase M make appearances in general chemistry, and what do they signify?
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2
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1
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Gibbs Free Energy Notation
What's the difference between $G$, $\Delta G$, $\Delta G^\circ$, and $\Delta_\mathrm r G^\circ$?
I've seen the first two used interchangably, and seen $G$ specifically referred to as change in Gibbs ...
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1
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For a benzene shown in a skeletal structure, what does a substituent to the center of the ring mean? [duplicate]
I have seen diagrams with both the substituents attached to the benzene ring by the edges and other occasions directly to the delocalized ring. What does signify?
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3
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Confused by notation of atomic number Z and mass number A on periodic table of elements
I'm totally confused by the different conventions and when to use what. In the Periodic Table I see
$$\ce{^{6}_{12}C}$$
However, in books when talking about isotopes I see
$$\ce{^{12}_{6}C}$$
I ...
- 181
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1
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Can a double bond extend beyond the plane and if so, how would it be drawn?
Can double and triple bonds, etc., extend beyond the plane in a Lewis structure, and if so, how are they represented? I.e., how would 1 and 2 in this image be drawn if they were doubles or triples?
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How to interpret parts-per notations? Is 1 ppb equal to 1 μg/kg?
In an article I recently submitted, a reviewer asked that I provide a concentration in μg/kg instead of ppb (parts per billion), and mentions that the later is not correct. I am not a chemist, and I ...
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1
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How to report a triplet of septets in NMR tabulation?
Does anyone know the proper format to report an iso-butyl group, eg. $\ce{R-CH2-C\color{red}{H}(CH3)2}$, in $\ce{^1H}$ NMR tabulation? The proton in red should be a triplet of septets, so I've written:...
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How to draw protonated benzene (horseshoe) carbocation structure with ChemDraw?
Is there a way to draw the aromatic "horseshoe" (forgot the official name) structure of a protonated benzene cation (arenium) with ChemDraw, and not the cation with double bonds?
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1
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Using Roman Numerals to indicate a compound
I don't completely understand it's use. Here's an example I don't understand:
Shortly after discussing $\ce{[CuCl4]^2-}$, an exam paper asked a question about copper(II) chloride. I understand that ...
- 139
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1
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Does the Location of Line-Dash-Wedge Notations Matter?
In Line-Dash-Wedge notation, when illustrating that an atom or bond is directed towards or away from the viewer (solid triangle for coming forward, dotted lines for going back), does the location of ...
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2
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Chemical formula of fluoroapatite
My textbook says the formula for fluoroapatite is $\ce{CaF2 * 3Ca3(PO4)2}$, whereas according to Wikipedia it's $\ce{Ca5(PO4)3F}$.
What is the correct chemical formula of fluoroapatite and why there ...
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3
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Conversion from a PPB value to µg/m3 of Isobutylene
I have a quite simple problem, found a lot of information about it, but I am not sure anymore if I do my calculations right.
I own a sensor, which reports measurements in isobutylene units as PPB. So ...
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3
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1
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652
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What does x mean in (1-x)A – xB composite materials, molar ratio, weight ratio or volume fraction?
I've been collecting data about ceramic materials and often I get to see composite materials are described as $(1-x)\ce{A} - x\ce{B}$. I am confused what this $x$ means. And I haven't seen any of the ...
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Combination of several unit symbols when finding new pressure from ideal gas law
As a car is driven, the tires heat up and the volume and the pressure change. Calculate the new pressure of a 35.0 L tire initially at 235 kPa that expands to 36.5 L when it heats up from 15.0 °C to ...
user73841
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1
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What is the difference between ΔfH and H-H° in NIST–JANAF tables?
Can someone explain the difference between $Δ_\mathrm{f}H$ and $H-H^\circ$ in NIST–JANAF tables?
- 19
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Is there a particular name for a Hill formula or sum formula omitting hydrogen?
Often, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis determines the non-H atoms first, and eventually puts hydrogen atoms "as riding" on idealized positions in respect to heavier atoms (e.g., C, O, N), ...
- 31.4k
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1
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Why was a Plimsoll symbol chosen to indicate standard state?
Historically, the Plimsoll symbol (aka Plimsoll line) was created as hull mark that would serve as a ready indicator of whether a ship was overloaded and thus running too low in the water. It was ...
- 12.3k
4
votes
2
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597
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Different formulas for copper pyrites and bauxite
In my book in the chapter on General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements, I found that the formula for copper pyrites was stated as $\ce{Cu2S.Fe2S3}$ at one place, $\ce{CuFeS2}$ at ...
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2
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3k
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How do I write orders of magnitude in scientific notation when margin of error is involved?
My TA has me confused about how to use scientific notation when margin of error and orders of magnitude are involved.
The number I wrote: 3.78 ± 0.02 * 10^-3
My TA told me that this means: 3.78 ± 0....
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