Questions tagged [inorganic-chemistry]
Inorganic compounds generally do not have C-H bonds, while organic compounds do have such bonds. The distinction between inorganic and organic chemistry, however, is far from absolute.
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Why does a bond order of >1 not contribute to the m value for AXmEn method?
Background for the AXmEn method:
A: the central atom
X: atom or group of atoms surrounding the central atom
E: a lone pair of electrons surrounding the central atom
lp = lone pair
bp = bonding pair ...
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2answers
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Why are strong oxidizing agents "incompatible" with ferrocyanide according to SDS?
As I've mentioned in this question, I am making $\ce{Na3Fe(CN)6}$ from $\ce{Na4Fe(CN)6}$ by oxidizing the ferrocyanide using sodium permanganate. The SDS of sodium ferrocyanide as well as potassium ...
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Pi bond strength order for p-p, p-d and d-d lateral overlap
Consider same shell (say, n = 3) and z- axis as the inter-nuclear axis.
The strength of $\pi$-bond would depend on the overlap area and directional property of orbitals. As d-orbitals are more ...
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AlCl3 and water
While reading Clayden's (et al) Organic Chemistry I stumbled upon a reaction on page 120 that I just fail to wrap my brain around. It describes a reaction of AlCl3 with water and states that, quote, &...
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1answer
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Synthesis of sodium ferricyanide
I need to synthesize sodium ferricyanide, $\ce{Na3Fe(CN)6}$, for some benchtop experiments where I don't want any potassium ions in solution. The way I am doing that right now is oxidizing $\ce{Na4Fe(...
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Calculation of hypochlorite concentration from active chlorine
So in the lab we got sodium hypochlorite solution. The concentration is in active chlorine (13%) on the label. How do I calculate it to concentration of hypochlorite? I need certain amount of ...
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HCl added to water [closed]
Suppose we throw $\ce{ΗCl}$ inside a container full of $\ce{H2O}$.
This reaction takes place. $\ce{HCl + H2O -> Cl- + H3O+}$ for each molecule of $\ce{HCl}$ added to water
Now both $\ce{Cl-}$ and $\...
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1answer
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Do various acid solutions have less oxidation power as H2SO4 in solution? [closed]
Recently I got an idea: sulfuric acid has really high oxidation power when it is concentrated, but its acidic properties are manifested less than in sulution. Vice versa, when we have a solution, ...
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How to calculate pH resulting from dissolving a salt in water? [closed]
The main question is how to calculate the changes in pH after dissolving a salt in water.
Suppose we dissolve 1 gram of magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) in 1 liter of Water. This will result in (...
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2answers
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How can boric acid forms pyroboric acid if it is a monobasic acid?
Pyro acids are prepared by removing one water molecule from two molecules of oxyacid. $\ce{H3BO3}$ has only one acidic hydrogen so two of that molecule will have two acidic hydrogens. If we remove ...
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1answer
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Equation describing electrons in a atom/ion [closed]
When not only 1 electron exist in the atom/ion the electrons of the atom/ion interact with each other and with the nucleus.
Do we solve this equations:
or this equation?
x is the position of a ...
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Why are there two infrared vibrational frequencies for the terminal CO ligands of Fe2(CO)9?
I am struggling to rationalise why there are two infrared vibrational frequencies ($\pu{2082 cm^-1}$ and $\pu{2019 cm^-1}$) for the stretching of the terminal $\ce{CO}$ ligands of $\ce{Fe2(CO)9}$. ...
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1answer
128 views
Can the environment of a molecule affect its HOMO LUMO gap?
For example, if a particular molecule is inside a particular protein, can its absorption maxima change with respect to the isolated molecule? Also, within the same protein, can the molecule's HOMO-...
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1answer
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Which ion is more stable in aqueous solution; Co2+, or Co3+? [closed]
We know $\ce{Co^{3+}}$ is more stable in complex compounds than $\ce{Co^{2+}}$ is in the same. I am told that for aqueous solution, $\ce{Co^{2+}}$ is more stable than $\ce{Co^{3+}}$, however in ...
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3answers
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Do molecules containing enough oxygen to burn themselves exist?
Is there a molecule with enough oxygen in it (for example, something like $\ce{HCOOOH}$) such that it can undergo complete combustion without requiring any additional oxygen? For example the above ...
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1answer
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How does cyclopentadienyl anion act as reducing agent?
I am a second year university student, so I'm afraid my chemistry isn't great. I am looking for an explanation of how the $\ce{Cp-}$ anion acts as a reducing agent.
To contextualise - in a simple ...
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Reaction between iron oxides to form magnetite
In the notes of a course it is indicated that the reaction of formation of magnetite from iron oxides can only take place if the partial pressure of oxygen is higher than 1 nanobar.
$\ce{FeO}$ + $\ce{...
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Nature of Bisphosphonates Binding onto Hydroxyapatite in the Aqueous Phase
In many studies I've read, bisphosphonates (first image) are said to bind remarkably onto bone hydroxyapatite (second image) crystals. It was reported by J. Roelofs et al., (2008) that this mechanism ...
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Tetrachlorophosphonium
I am aware that PCl3 and PCl5 both react with water. In these reactions, water breaks the chlorine atoms off of the phosphorus atom and hydroxyl groups take their place:
$\ce{PCl3 + 3H2O -> H3PO3 + ...
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2answers
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Converting pyrite to iron sulfate
I was reading a Jules Verne book recently, in which the following chemical reaction was done:
He placed a layer of branches and chopped wood, on which were piled some pieces of shistose pyrites ... ...
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1answer
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Why can element gallium be obtained through the electrolysis of sodium metagallate
In the textbook element gallium is produced by the electrolysis of sodium metagallate , which is obtained as the leftover solution of the alkali treatment of bauxite .
But why is the metagallate anion ...
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1answer
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Low temperature sodium salt eutectic [duplicate]
I have a need for a sodium salt that melts below 265 degrees celsius, which will be exposed to liquid sodium metal. The anion is not important, only that it has a sodium cation. I have done a lot of ...
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1answer
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Reaction between anilinium chloride with ferric chloride
I have a question about reaction between aniline and $\ce{FeCl3}$. I supposed that the following reaction proceeds with formation of brown precipitate:
$$\ce{3C6H5NH2 + FeCl3 + 3H2O -> \underset{...
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How can you explain the pKa of the first protolysis of phosphoric acid without using resonance [duplicate]
The pKa1 of phosphoric acid is 2.14.
As far as I am concerned, phosphoric acid does not have any double bounds and, as a main-group element, obliges to the octet-rule. This does create formal charges ...
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2answers
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What does n(Na2CO3) mean?
In my book, $n(\ce{Na2CO3})$ was used to indicate the number of moles of $\ce{Na2CO3}$ without any clarification. Is it common knowledge among chemists that $n(\ce{Na2CO3})$ indicates the number of ...
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2answers
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Why are group 13 compounds in the +1 oxidation state more ionic than those in the +3 oxidation state?
I know that for group 13 metals in the p block, the stability of +1 OS is generally more than the stability of +3 OS as it is energetically not favourable to attain the higher OS of +3 and such ions ...
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1answer
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Inorganic question regarding Phosphorus-32 [closed]
I am learning Inorganic Chemistry recently, and doing some pass year paper, and found this question. i am not sure how to identify A3+.
Pls Help for question 1 ,2 ,& 3
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2answers
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Reaction kinetics of exothermic reaction
A colleague said we can’t dissolve a salt (whose solvation enthalpy is exothermic) faster if we increase the temperature (the solubility equilibrium product is not reached) because Le Chatelier‘s ...
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1answer
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Why are hydrated lithium ions' radii larger than hydrated sodium ions' radii?
Why are hydrated lithium ions' radii larger than hydrated sodium ions' radii i.e. $r_\ce{Li+(aq)}>r_\ce{Na+(aq)}$?
If ionic radii increase down the group i.e. $r_\ce{Li+}<r_\ce{Na+}<r_\ce{K+}$...
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Hydrophobic effect/interactions
$\text{Water molecules cause hydrophobic interactions because:}$
$\text{A- they can disrupt surfaces with no hydrogen bonds.}$
$\text{B- they prefer to be close to hydrophobic surfaces}$
$\text{C- ...
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The higher energy to transform Cu(s)/Cu^2+(aq) is not balanced by its hydration enthalpy
The book says that "the higher energy to transform Cu(s)/Cu^2+(aq) is not balanced by its hydration enthalpy". I also read that when we add energy of sublimation and ionization energy , ...
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1answer
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Does the molecule LiF3 exist? [closed]
Can LiF3 exist? (1 lithium and 3 fluorines), and if so, what would the Lewis dot diagram look like?
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Why are ligand orbitals always lower in energy than the metal orbitals in the ligand field theory?
The below image has been used to represent the ligand field theory for transition metals:
(Source: https://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch12/ligand.php)
Also, other similar images ...
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What happens with electric charges in a salt water battery?
When building a simple salt water battery, consisting of a zinc-anode, copper-cathode and an NaCl-solution, I noticed the following:
When closing the circuit, the current decreases over time. (No ...
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Why do diluted sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide etch copper only when chloride ions are present?
I've mixed 30 ml 10% sulfuric acid with 20 ml 3% hydrogen peroxide and put a drop of this solution onto copper foil. The solution quickly removed the oxide layer from the copper but did not dissolve ...
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1answer
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Does the phosphoric acid in drinks lead to leaching chromium from stainless steel 316?
I had considered using a small SS 316 pipe as a straw for sodas. Question being, would the phosphoric acid in drinks leach out chromium, and if so would it be carcinogenic? Hexavalent chromium is ...
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Pcb etching safety questions (HCl, H2O2, H3PO4)
I am about to embark on a pcb etching journey, however, I am not sure what safety precautions I should take when handling the products. I know that the reagents should be stored in their original, ...
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What is the yellow coating seen on the sides of containers storing copper Sulphate?
When storing a solution of copper sulphate, a yellow colored deposit slowly formed on the bottom and sides of the container. What/Why could this be?
I'm using it for simple 8th - grade level reactions....
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Can 5% sulfuric acid and 3% hydrogen peroxide form piranha solution?
I'd like to use 5% sulfuric acid and 3% hydrogen peroxide as an etching solution for copper. (In the past I've used dilute hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide but the generation of chlorine gas ...
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2answers
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Determination of energies in MO diagrams
How do we determine the relative placements of molecular orbitals in their diagrams? I understand that we can use point groups to find symmetry-allowed interactions between orbitals that we write on ...
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Meaning of $\ce{(Si,Al)}$ in $\ce{XY(Si,Al)2O6}$ [duplicate]
On the wikipedia page for pyroxene minerals, it says that pyroxenes have the general formula $\ce{XY(Si,Al)2O6}$, "where X represents calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), iron (Fe II) or magnesium (Mg) and ...
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Solubility of nitrogen dioxide in sodium hydroxide
I know $\ce{NaOH}$ can absorb $\ce{NO2}$, but I could not find any data of solubility of $\ce{NO2}$ in $\ce{NaOH}$ at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
I am trying to figure out how much NaOH ...
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Problem understanding the rate of reaction of reversible reactions
Case 1:
$$\ce{CH_3COOH + NaOH<=>CH_3COONa + H_2O}$$
At equilibrium, there remain extremely small concentrations of the reactants (acetic acid and sodium hydroxide), and comparatively large ...
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1answer
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Stability order of group 17 halides [closed]
Stability of halides decreases down the group since the size increases and charge density decreases, which leads to stability and we get the order of stability as follows:
$$\ce{F-} < \ce{Cl-} < ...
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3answers
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Smell produced in reaction of sodium hydroxide and aluminium
I was doing an experiment with $\ce{NaOH}$ dissolved in some $\ce{H2O}$ and aluminium. My textbook says that the following reaction takes place
$$\ce{2 NaOH + 2 H2O + 2 Al -> 2 NaAlO2 + 3 H2}$$
It ...
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1answer
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Reaction between hydrobromic acid and sodium borate
Write the reaction for a a sodium borate solution being titrated by hydrobromic acid, assuming sodium borate is represented by $\ce{Na3BO3(aq)}$.
I think this is a simple double replacement reaction:
...
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1answer
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How can we recover potassium and phosphorus from ashes?
When plant based solid fuels, such as firewood, coal etc. are burned, their potassium and phosphorus content stay in the solid ashes. Quick search on the net shows ashes contain about 4% potassium and ...
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1answer
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Potassium from Potassium superoxide [closed]
Is it possible to get $\ce K$ from $\ce K{O_2}$ using a synthesis reaction? If yes, can you describe it?
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2answers
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Mass of silver iodide that dissolves in ammonia [closed]
What mass of $\ce{AgI}$ will dissolve in $\pu{1.0 L}$ of $\pu{1.0 M}$ $\ce{NH3}?$ Neglect the change in concentration of $\ce{NH3}.$
Given: $K_\mathrm{sp}(\ce{AgI}) = \pu{1.5E-16};$ $K_\mathrm{f}(\ce{[...
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1answer
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Is my understanding of conjugate acid-base pairs correct? [closed]
$$\ce{HCl_{(aq)} + H_2O_{(l)}<=>H_3O^{+}_{(aq)} +Cl^{-}_{(aq)}}$$
Cl- is the conjugate base of HCl. Now, can I say that HCl is the conjugate acid of Cl-?