Questions tagged [organic-chemistry]
Use this tag for questions relating to organic molecules and their properties (structure of organic molecules, spectroscopic properties, reaction mechanisms, stereochemistry etc). DO NOT use this tag as the only tag in your question, as this tag by itself cannot appropriately classify your question. Always use this tag in addition to other more specific tags.
7,425
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How to break down Sodium Saccharin to harmless products at home?
How to breakdown Sodium Saccharin of vitamin C tablets containing 1000 mg vitamin C and 10 mg of Sodium Saccharin? Every time I have one of these tablets I get sick but not with Vitamin-Cs that do not ...
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14 views
Reaction of alc. KOH with alkyl halide
The following question was given in FIITJEE study material:
At first, I thought it should be elimination. But, soon I realized that there is no heating, plus a primary alkyl halide is used. So, "...
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2answers
28 views
Leaving capacity of halogens
Why is F a bad leaving group? Say in HF and HI, F is more electronegative than I, then shouldn’t HF be a better acid ?
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16 views
Definition of a Homologous Series
My textbook states that members of a homologous series have the same general formula (ex. $\ce{C_{n}H_{2n}}$ for alkenes) as they only differ from one to another by additional $\ce{CH_2}$ (methylene) ...
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Transposition in vicinal diols dehydration
In this reaction, I don't know how I could place a methyl in the benzyl carbon. My first idea was to treat the compound with OsO4/H2O2 to form the vicinal diol, and then dehydrate in acidic medium and ...
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2answers
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Why is KMnO4+H2SO4 so common when it comes to oxidizing an organic compound?
Why in general for oxidation reactions in organic chemistry is so common to meet the couple H2SO4 + KMnO4 or H2SO4 + K2CrO4 or CrO3 instead of K2CrO4 ?
I mean I understand that these are used to ...
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1answer
41 views
Why does methyl not shift in the mechanism of isoborneol to camphene?
After the formation of carbocation, I was confused why would the reaction not go in favor of forming bornylene. I am still not sure why but I think that $\mathrm{sp^2}$ hybridized carbon will cause a ...
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How does the number of oxidation sites in tea tannin affect tooth staining?
For my Chemistry investigation, I am working on the effect of tea tannins on their tooth staining ability. I was wondering if anyone could help me figure out whether the oxidation sites in tannin ...
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3answers
51 views
Indicator for H2S [closed]
In there an indicator for sulfur compounds like H2S (also organic)?
Or some straight forward way to measure if the H2S concentration in the air is higher than usual? Or is the concentration too low ...
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18 views
Controlling the particle size of chemically precipitated metallic particles [closed]
I am trying to understand how to control the particle size of chemically precipitated metallic particles. I have looked through research papers and for particle size have established that redox ...
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44 views
Order of nucleophilicity of Nitrogens in adenine
I recently stumbled upon a question that got me thinking. It goes something like this:
Find the major product of the following reaction:
There were 3 options given:
So it basically aims ...
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1answer
28 views
Contradictions in acidity and solubility of phenol derivatives
o-Nitrophenol is less acidic in comparison to p-nitrophenol due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding. This effect also is the reason for o-nitrophenol being less soluble in water.
At the same time, ...
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26 views
whats the chemical equation of cooking oil mixed with kerosene? [closed]
I'm kinda curious as to what the chemical equations of cooking oil mixed with kerosene will be.
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29 views
structure of propane 1.2.3 tricarbaldehyde [closed]
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27 views
Redox: Could someone give me the equation for the reaction of oxidation of tea tannin with potassium permanganate? [closed]
For my Chemistry investigation, I used oxidimetric oxidation of tea tannins with potassium permanganate to find the tannin content of teas. However, I cannot find an appropriate equation that I could ...
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44 views
Effect of cuprous iodide on grignard reagent
Answer is A, when grignard reagent alone give Michael addition, what is the need and effect of $\ce{Cu2I2}$?
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0answers
23 views
Are these IUPAC systematic names valid? [closed]
Are hexahydrotoluene, hexahydroaniline, and hexahydrophenol valid IUPAC systematic names for methylcyclohexane, cyclohexylamine, and cyclohexanol?
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46 views
Cannizzaro reaction on p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
Recently our chemistry teacher told us that p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde do not undergo cannizzaro reaction. But on subsequent questioning, I was directed to remember this as a fact. I want to know the ...
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2answers
61 views
Silver mirror and copper mirror
There is a formation of silver mirror in the silver mirror test. why does the silver does not precipitate, it forms the mirror in the silver mirror test? Is there any test that copper can form mirror? ...
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42 views
Does NaNH2 always act as a base?
Is it just a textbook question ? Cause NaNH2 was meant to pull out alpha hydrogen and then attack acetylene but to get to the answer we need to add NaNH2 on acetone and then do nucleophilic acyl ...
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0answers
23 views
Does each known alkaloid have a specific/recorded measure of polairty? [closed]
I'm planning on separating around 20 different alkaloids via liquid column chromatography.
I understand that each alkaloid elutes based on its polarity. If I know my sample contains 20 different ...
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0answers
29 views
Predicting the position of the hydroxyl group in hydration reactions
For hydration reactions, where an alkene becomes an alcohol by using sulphuric acid as a catalyst, is it possible to predict to which carbon atom of the double bond the -OH group will bond to?
For ...
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1answer
36 views
Acidity order checking
Why is Methanol more acidic than Ethanol eventhough the conjugate base of Ethanol is stabilised by hyperconjugation?
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1answer
50 views
Reaction between acrolein and hydrazine
When acrolein is heated with hydrazine we get dihydropyrazole. But I can't see how. First I think hydrazine should add on acrolein to form corresponding hydrazone, but what will happen next? Also is ...
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1answer
29 views
Are there any common (preferably somewhat complex) organic molecules that help combat ocean pollution? [closed]
I'm participating in an activity where I need to present a topic/molecule in organic chemistry, and I am pretty passionate about "reversing"/helping with cleaning the ocean. I was wondering if there ...
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39 views
Conversion of hypnone to dypnone
Hypnone is another name of Acetophenone. It is used as a hypnotic and can be converted to dypnone (I am attaching the structure below) on reaction with aluminium tert-butoxide $\ce{Al(OC(CH3)3)3}$.
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34 views
What is the significance of the downward arrows in energy level diagrams in organic chemistry?
The following text is from Solomons, Fryhle and Snyder Organic Chemistry Third Edition, chapter 1 "The Basics: Bonding and Molecular Structure", page 13, topic 1.5 "Resonance Theory", sub topic 1.5B "...
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39 views
Diels Alder reactions [closed]
The question is fill in the blank:
Diels Alder reactions are __________.
I've already tried the following:
-green reaction/ green
-pericyclic / pericyclic reaction
-nucleophilic acyl ...
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0answers
38 views
Reaction of alpha-naphthol with benzyl iodide [duplicate]
In preparation for Olympiad, I faced this question:
$\alpha$ naphthoxide ion (analogue to phenoxide ion) is reacted with benzyl iodide in two different mediums:
$(i)$ DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide)
...
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0answers
30 views
Reactivity of carbonyl derivatives with a nucleophile [duplicate]
As observed, the reactivity of carbonyl derivatives with a nucleophile goes like:
Acid halide > acid anhydride > acid > amide > ketone > aldehyde. So is nucleophile a code word to nucleophilic ...
2
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1answer
45 views
Reimer-Tiemann reaction on indole
According to me net reaction should be at $\ce{C3}$ when Reimer-Tiemann reaction is done on indole (see image), since in the resonance structure, negative charge is on this carbon.
But, the answer ...
5
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1answer
173 views
Flexibility of long-chain aliphatic compounds
PubChem is unable to generate the conformers of Z-6-Heneicosen-11-one? The website says that the molecule is too flexible
What does flexibility of a molecule mean in this context? I understand that ...
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28 views
What is the priority order of the four groups?
I'm trying to figure out whether this is in R/S configuration....I thought it would be R since the groups seem to be decreasing in priority in the clockwise direction (since F has the largest atomic ...
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38 views
How to turn an alkene into a 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene? [closed]
I know that is something involved with the double bond, but I but it only think about dealing with peracids, but in this way I don't get the two C-C links that I need. Does anyone come up with another ...
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0answers
39 views
Reactions involving carboxylic acids
The following question was given in FIITJEE study material:
I guess (i) step is de-esterification, which gives the compound of option (A).
In next step, I wouldn't expect it to decarboxylate, ...
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0answers
54 views
Reasoning behind the formula to determine the number of hyperconjugative structures
The following formula is from Solomons, Fryhle and Snyder Organic Chemistry for JEE (Main & Advanced) Third Edition, chapter 1 "The Basics: Bonding and Molecular Structure", page 19, topic 1.6 "...
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33 views
Suggestions for chemistry experiments to do regarding toxic gasses
I'm doing a final project on mustard gas, and need an experiment to conduct. I'm obviously not allowed to make or work with mustard gas, but what else can I do? Any other gas experiments that would be ...
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0answers
45 views
Controversy of acidic character of acetylene [duplicate]
Bond between carbon and hydrogen in acetylene is sp-s bond, it has very good overlap (and thus high bond strength) as compared to sp2-s or sp3-s C-H bond in ethylene or ethane. But Acetylene is more ...
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35 views
Can basic column liquid chromatography separate two extremely similar alkaloids?
Say a sample has two alkaloids, one with a molecular weight of 521.44 g/mol and one with a weight of 521.66 g/mol.
Would column chromatography be able to separate these two alkaloids?
Also, what if ...
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0answers
16 views
Sodium Laureth Sulphate [closed]
I recently did a shower cream but different manufacture of SLES, with constant amount of salt until it reach the viscosity of 8000 cps. What is the relation between SLES and free oil, sodium sulphate ...
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1answer
108 views
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Cleaning with Vinegar - what surfaces does it react badly with? Metal window sills ok?
I'm cleaning up some mould around the home and I have some substance on my window sills which I'm not quite sure if it's dirt or mould.
I have read about using Vinegar to clean up mould, but an ...
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1answer
56 views
Solvent for reaction mixture
I'm looking for some suitable solvent for ether cleavage of Guaiacol (o-Methoxyphenol) using aluminium triiodide ($\ce{AlI3}$) with $\ce{DMSO}$. The original paper calls for using hot acetonitrile as ...
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0answers
49 views
How does conjugation increase the stability of a compound
I have read that the stability of a compound increases due to conjugation, which allows electrons to delocalise and thus be more spread around the molecule.
I'm struggling to understand how this ...
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Predict the major products. Tests knowledge of synthesis of enamines, aldol condensation and 1,4- additions to enones(the Michael reaction) [closed]
**Question in image. Organic chemistry. Synthesis of enamines,Aldol condensation, Michael reaction See below for the image. **
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Are there any natural products that can be used as a sealant that is machine washable? [closed]
I’m in search of a natural, environmentally friendly product that can be used as a waterproofing, sealant for fabrics that can also be washed in a washing machine.
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What is the product when the reagent shown is treated with LiAlH4, as well as NaBH4? [closed]
Below is a picture of the two reactions I am struggling with. Both $\ce{LiAlH4}$ and $\ce{NaBH4}$ are pretty strong reducing agents, though $\ce{LiAlH4}$ is able to reduce esters and carboxylic acids ...
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Specific reduction of certain functional groups
Consider the compound $\ce{Alkyl-(4 oxocyclopent-2-ene)carboxylate (A)}$.
Now consider the operations:
$\ce{1. (A) + (i)BH3/THF (ii) H+}$
$\ce{2. (A) + H2/Pt}$
$\ce{3. (A) + H2/Pd-C}$...
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1answer
57 views
Validity of the leveling effect of water in nitration reactions
Wikipedia gives this as the levelling effect of water
Any acid that is stronger than $\ce{H3O+}$ reacts with $\ce{H2O}$ to form $\ce{H3O+}$. Therefore, no acid stronger than $\ce{H3O+}$ exists in $\...
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0answers
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Orbital diagram of oxygen in phenoxide [closed]
In phenoxide ion, what is the hybridisation and orbital picture of oxygen? Why is it written as $\ce{O-}$? What does that minus charge signify?
I think that the hybridisation would be $\text{sp}^2$ ...
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1answer
95 views
Why are drugs mixed with their sodium salts?
I have come across quite a few drugs that are of the form $\ce{HA + NaA}$, where $\ce{A}$ is your target organic compound. A few examples of this are:
Carmicide which is a mixture of Sodium Citrate ...
