Questions tagged [organic-chemistry]
Use this tag for questions relating to organic molecules and their properties (structure of organic molecules, spectroscopic properties, reaction mechanisms, stereochemistry etc). DO NOT use this tag as the only tag in your question, as this tag by itself cannot appropriately classify your question. Always use this tag in addition to other more specific tags.
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0answers
4 views
Isotopic exchange of oxygen
Since we know that ketone and aldehydes shows the below rxn
I have a doubt that whether such rxn is shown by esters ??
Beacuse my chemistry teacher told so , but I didn't se it Solomon's , which I ...
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0answers
12 views
Is it possible to prevent saponification by modifying free fatty acids?
Not big on chemistry so this question might be a bit out there. It is my understanding that a soap molecule is made up of a free fatty acid and lets say a sodium ion. Correct? Would it be possible to ...
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0answers
12 views
Why aldehydes have a lower boiling point than alcohols? [on hold]
In the following question 22, answer given is option b
That is alcohol having a greater boiling point than aldehyde
But intra molecular hydrogen bonding plays a role in aldehyde.. Then aldehyde ...
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0answers
15 views
How to randomly label DNA?
I am wondering how to randomly label/modify internal sites (i.e. not the ends) of a double-stranded DNA molecule, either on the sugar-phosphate backbone or on the bases.
Enzymatic processing would ...
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0answers
24 views
Which of these compounds reacts with ethylmagnesium bromide and also decolourizes bromine water solution? [on hold]
Question:
Options:
1)
2)
3)
4)
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2answers
45 views
Which Carbocation is most stable among the three? [on hold]
According to me the answer should be (C) as that Carbocation will be stablized by resonance with Chlorine.
I have read that resonance is the biggest deciding factor about the stability of a ...
1
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1answer
52 views
Does sodium borohydride reduce C=N group?
Q.15 the major product of the following reaction is:
I have read that $\ce{NaBH4}$ reduces only aldehyde, ketone and acid chlorides. In some cases it may reduce double bonds conjugated with ...
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0answers
8 views
KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY [on hold]
Part 1. A chemist reacted 18.0 liters of F2 gas with NaCl in the laboratory to form Cl2 gas and NaF. Use the ideal gas law equation to determine the mass of NaCl that reacted with F2 at 290. K and 1.5 ...
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0answers
20 views
PHASES OF MATTER : KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY [on hold]
Part 1. A glass bottle, which is half-filled with water, has a balloon attached to its opening. The bottle is placed in a hot water bath for some time. Explain the change to the size of the balloon ...
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2answers
99 views
Reaction of orthocresol with butyrolactone in presence of AlCl3 and heat
What will be the major product of the following reaction?
Please also help me with the mechanism. I'm not sure whether C- acylation or O- acylation will occur here. And if O- acylation does occur, I ...
2
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1answer
51 views
Why does d/l-2,3-dibromobutane on reaction with NaI/acetone give cis-2-butene?
This is what I have read/know about the dehalogenation of vicinal dihalides by NaI/acetone:
The two halides which are leaving must be on opposite sides (from the mechanism).
In case they are present ...
1
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0answers
16 views
Why does heating glucose in the excess of HI produce n-hexane? [duplicate]
Alcohols react with acid halides such as $\ce{HI}$ to create alkyl halides, as such:
$$\ce{C2H5OH + HX → C2H5X}$$
However, this doesn't seem to be the case with glucose, as the entire chain is ...
2
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1answer
41 views
Friedel-Craft reaction with amide substituent
In this question, I know that aniline will not undergo FC reaction as it forms a complex with $\ce {AlCl3}$ and precipitates out. The answer given is (c) and I agree with it. However, the benzene ring ...
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0answers
27 views
What is the product of the mono-iodination of the following? [on hold]
What is the product of the mono-iodination of 4'-hydroxyacetophenone?
Attempt at solution:
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0answers
13 views
Epoxide Formation for Anti-dihydroxylation [on hold]
Below I have posted my thought process for the epoxide formation in anti-dihydroxylation. I am very confused on the logic of this and would appreciate if anyone can help clarify this mechanism to me.
...
1
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1answer
44 views
What is the driving force for Claisen rearrangements?
I came across this mechanism (3,3 sigmatropic rearrangement). Why does the allyl vinyl ether have the ability to rearrange itself giving a new product? What drives the reaction?
Is it the instability ...
0
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1answer
48 views
Does a C=C double bond donate electron or withdraw it?
I have learned that a $\ce{C=C}$ double bond is electron-rich because of the p-p overlap and hence can easily donate an electron pair: I agree with this statement.
However, in a $\ce{C=C}$ double ...
9
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3answers
921 views
Complex organic molecules
I am studying astronomy and came across the following term in the astrochemistry course called 'complex organic molecules' or also written as COMs. My question is: What is exactly meant with these ...
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0answers
19 views
What should be the IUPAC name of the following Spiro compound?
According to me it should be named as:
9-Ethyl-6-formyl spiro[5.4] dec-3-ene-1-carboxamide
Please check if I am correct.
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1answer
45 views
What should be the IUPAC name of the following compound?
I think it should be named as 2-(cyclopent-1,4-diene)-2-methyl ethan-2-ol
2
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0answers
20 views
Confusion about prioritizing functional groups in case of poly functional organic compounds
According to Wikipedia,
sulfonic acid $(\ce{-SO3H})$ is comparatively stronger than carboxylic acid $(\ce{-COOH})$.
Then why is sulfonic acid lower in priority than carboxylic acid (while naming poly ...
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0answers
13 views
Acid medium versus Basic medium characteristics in organic reactions [on hold]
I am kind new in the study of organic reactions and I have collected some points to write differences between acid medium and basic medium:
Acid medium
1)favors strong oxizidation
2)favors ...
3
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1answer
116 views
How does Grignard reagent form? [duplicate]
So I've read that during the formation of the Grignard reagent, The R-X bond cleaves homolytically forming free radicals.
My question is how is this happeneing? Due to the high electronegativity ...
13
votes
1answer
326 views
ICHO Synthesis Problem 2018
I've several doubts about this ICHO synthesis problem, which was a part of the preparatory problem package of 2018 (so yes, it's not a part of an ongoing contest)
Before sharing the answer given, I'...
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0answers
19 views
What does [O] denote in organic redox reactions? [duplicate]
I've seen a few examples in the lectures we've been having and I wasn't able to find any sources talking about it. I think I remember a previous teacher saying it was a symbol for oxidation itself, ...
0
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1answer
31 views
What do D and L stand for in the Fischer-Rosanoff convention?
In R and S configuration, the R stands for rectus and the S stands for sinister. Similarly, do the D and L descriptors in the Fischer-Rosanoff convention stand for something?
-1
votes
1answer
30 views
Rate of reaction [on hold]
If I recall correctly I was told that the rate of reaction approximately doubled for every 10 degree C rise in temperature. Is the a similar rule of thumb for increase in pressure. I am working on ...
0
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0answers
28 views
Nomenclature of 1-ethoxypropan-2-ol [on hold]
Consider the following compound:
Why it is named 1-ethoxypropan-2-ol and not 2-ethoxypropan-1-ol?
8
votes
1answer
56 views
Alcohol or Carbonyl - Which is more reactive towards PCl5?
We're aware that ketones and alcohols both react with phosphorus pentachloride, to produce geminal dichlorides and alkyl chlorides respectively.
What happens in the compound shown below, when ...
1
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0answers
43 views
Disiamylborane on alkyl halides
I am having problem predicting the last product in the following reaction:
$$\ce{CH#CH ->[Na/NH3 (l)][(Excess)] (P) ->[DCl] (Q) ->[(i)Sia2BH][(ii)CH3COOH] (R)}$$
I am getting an alkyl ...
-1
votes
0answers
19 views
Nucleophilic attack on carbonyl vs. SN2 - who wins?
If a nucleophile is to attack the above compound, how do I determine wheather it kick the chlorine atom out via an SN2, or will it attack the electron deficient carbonyl?
Does it depend on the ...
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1answer
11 views
Analogy of hydrocarbon chain length properties [closed]
What sort of analogy is good to use for remembering how the length of hydrocarbon chains affect the properties such as melting point and volatility?
0
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1answer
43 views
heating methane in a vacuum chamber [on hold]
Using radio waves to heat, and electromagnetic fields to contain....could methane be heated to much higher temperatures than via simple oxygen/combustion, thus producing a much higher specific impulse ...
3
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0answers
68 views
Why does my synthesized 4-bromoacetanilide smell like almonds?
So, I synthesized 4-bromoacetanilide in the lab by brominating acetanilide. Acetic acid was used as a catalyst. Sodium bisulfide was used to neutralize the reaction product. Then it was washed with ...
0
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0answers
18 views
What is the reaction mechanism for this synthesis of MCPO (bis[2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl] oxalate) + 2HCl from methyl salicylate and oxalyl chloride? [on hold]
Can somebody please kindly explain to me what triggers the reaction and how the reaction is done mechanistically and what drives the reaction until MCPO?
-1
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0answers
20 views
Order of dipole moment [closed]
Arrange o-chlorotoluene, m-chlorotoluene, p-chlorotoluene in increasing order of dipole moments.
The answer is the same order as given but I don't get why.
-1
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1answer
43 views
A wrong trivial name?
Isopropyl chloride should have been called secondary propyl chloride, right? The first iso must be isobutyl chloride, methinks.
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0answers
83 views
Major product for aldol condensation between acetophenone and acetaldehyde
Crossed aldol condensation is done between acetaldehyde and acetophenone by using NaOH as the base. So, here we can get 4 possible products. But which one would be the major?
I know that acetaldehyde ...
1
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0answers
24 views
Drawing bonds and delocalised electrons in condensed formulae
The $\LaTeX$ mhchem package provides commands for drawing bonds within condensed chemical formulae. Some of them have a clear allocation to covalent bonds while others have not. Single, double, and ...
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0answers
9 views
Reaction mechanism of elimination reaction [closed]
My question is about the reaction mechanism when 1-Bromoethene reacts with Sodamide .
0
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0answers
13 views
Vitamin C for aquarium usage
i would like to dose Vitamin C on my reef tank, based on an article that i found online.
Now, the dose consist on 2xday powder usage, diluted on water before using, and as always in aquarium, in high ...
0
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0answers
47 views
number of optical isomers of a cyclic molecule
What is the number of optical isomers for this compound?
Also, there seems to be no clear-cut boundary between geometrical isomers and optical isomers. Referring to a post in StackExchange,
is (RS)- ...
-1
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0answers
24 views
Determining chemical formula of the hydrocarbon via combustion analysis [closed]
A container of volume $\pu{15 L}$ contains a hydrocarbon at $\pu{27 °C}$ and $\pu{2 atm}$ pressure. For the analysis, we take $\pu{10 g}$ of hydrocarbon and the pressure becomes $\pu{1.718 atm}$ (at ...
-1
votes
0answers
11 views
What is the chemical equation of pyrolysis process? [closed]
To be specific, I want to know the chemical equation of pyrolysis of waste plastic which is polystyrene, forming syngas, char and pyrolysis oil.
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0answers
14 views
If the energy less than the work function is phton ejection of electron can occured? [closed]
If the energy less than the work function is phton ejection of
-1
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0answers
36 views
How to assign locants in 3-chloro-4-ethylhexane?
For the compound shown above, which name (3-chloro-4-ethylhexane or 4-chloro-3-ethylhexane) is correct? Do we need to first look for the minimum number set, and check alphabetical priority only if ...
1
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1answer
30 views
Question about Carboxylic Acid Nomenclature
According to my chemistry textbook, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid is represented as:
But 5-bromoheptanoic acid is given as:
In the former nomenclature, propane is taken as the base ...
2
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0answers
29 views
Detecting alkaloids - Dragendorff's reagent
I am writing a book and as part of the plot one of the characters has a plant that contains alkaloids in tincture form. They want to do a test to detect for the alkaloids so they use the Dragendorff's ...
0
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1answer
23 views
Acid catalysed dehydration of unsymmetric alcohols
How to find the major product of acid catalysed dehydration of unsymmetric alcohols. For example, in the dehydration of butan-2-ol using conc. H2SO4, which is the major product? But-1-ene or But-2-ene?...
3
votes
1answer
35 views
Quaternary Ammonium salts and peroxy acid
I came across this question in my test:
This compound
is treated with $\ce{CH_3CH_2I}$ and then with $\ce{H_2SO_5}$ and heated.
The product is:
A)
B)
$\ce{CH_2CH_2}$
...
