Questions tagged [materials]
Material is a general term for a chemical substance or a mixture of substances with certain, well defined physical properties.
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Read Annite.cif file using pymatgen
I extracted cif information on Annite from this web https://www.mindat.org/min-241.html
and, try to read its cif information using pymatgen
But, pymatgen can not read it.
it seems cif file has ...
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For CVD diamond in a reaction chamber why does a lower temperature lead to a greater height value/thickness
I've learned that for CVD (chemical vapor deposition ) crystals in a reaction chamber, the greater the temperature the smaller the growth rate so the crystals have a smaller height. I know at lower ...
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Thermoplastics crystallization during nonisothermal cooling cycles
I have tested a PAEK family polymer using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with heating-cooling-heating cycles under different cooling rates (heating rates remained unchanged). PAEK are semi-...
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Why are different Aluminium valencies observed from NMR and what logic can be used to normalise molar ratios of different valency atoms?
Question 1:
I've observed different chemical shifts in 27Al Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of commercial aqueous sodium aluminate, indicating the presence of both trivalent [Al(III)] and ...
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Band structure of solids in general
As my last question (Semiconductors and their electronic bands) was badly structured, I decided to elaborate my questions a bit.
As I now know, every solid/liquid forms a band structure, so all ...
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How to determine uncompensated or solution resistance of a 3 electrode setup for IR correction?
To correct for ohmic losses from the potential drop across the electrolyte due to the distance between the electrodes, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is typically employed to measure ...
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Which reaction occurs in calcium vanadate when it comes in contact with water?
I am a physics student currently studying the electrical properties of $\ce{CaVO3}$ and I have noticed that the surface of my thin film samples, which were originally smooth and transparent, now have ...
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Why I am unable to see any electrical conductivity in Permalloy nano powders?
We recently purchased some permalloy nano powders (Ni80Fe70Mo3) I checked the electrical conductivity of these powders using a multimeter which can measure resistance to the order of giga ohm's. I was ...
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polymerized Dimethylbutadiene or "methyl rubber"
"Methyl rubber", polymerized Dimethylbutadiene, is the first synthetic rubber, but it falls behind polyisoprene having inferior shear strength & oxidizes more easily.
I'm looking into ...
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Reduction of static in lyophilized materials that have been powdered
I have recently been working with lyophilized products mostly food based items and sometimes medicinal plants (not cannabis) but I keep running into an issue when I grind the items into a powder the ...
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What's the formal definition of a ceramic in chemistry?
Dictionary.com defines a ceramic as:
noun (used with a singular verb) the art or technology of making
objects of clay and similar materials treated by firing. (used with a
plural verb) articles of ...
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Band gap voltammetry sensors
I'm new in electrochemistry and I am leading with modification of sensors and analytes. I would like to know why the analyte voltammetric signal should be between the band gap of the modifier. If I ...
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What material is used in coating these aluminum containers for the food industry?
What is the material used to coat (some might use the term 'lacquer') disposable aluminum containers in the food industry? And can it be removed in a safe way (for the environment) with 'home methods'?...
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Is electrode reduction potential dependent on the nature of the solution(the reagents of the solution) it's dipped in?
I'm undergrad student majoring in materials science and engineering. I faced this question while studying for a course named "surface engineering of materials".
This slide is a part of my ...
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Why are certain lattices compatible with only certain point groups and not all point groups?
I will limit this discussion to 2 dimensions for ease of intuition. My understanding of the 17 crystallographic plane groups is that these 17 groups represent all the possible symmetry groups of any ...
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Better Way for Crushing Coconut into 500 mesh Coal for Carbonization
I am planning to use coconut as a raw material for carbonization, but I need to crush it into 500 mesh coal. Currently, I am using a mortar and pestle to grind the coconut shell into a fine powder, ...
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When styrofoam shrinks from pressure, why doesn't it go back to normal after decreasing the pressure?
In this article (https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/16carolina/logs/sep3-2/sep3-2.html) and articles like this one, Styrofoam cups were taken to the depths of the ocean in an AUV to ...
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At the atomic or molecular level, why are some macroscopic materials more flexible, compared to others?
Before answering this question, keep in mind that I am a 2 year Biology student, with limited experience in studying chemistry. I am going to make assumptions which I explain, feel free to correct ...
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Which gas at 15 °C and 1 atmosphere of pressure has the highest refractive index in visible light?
For my own curiosity's sake, I am attempting to find the gas that at 15 °C and 1 atmosphere of pressure in pure form has the highest refractive index on average and overall, for visible light. Assume ...
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How can we make seacrete / biorock grow faster?
Seacrete is an interesting building material (precipitated limestone in seawater) but is quite slow to grow.
https://naturalbuildingblog.com/seacreteseamentbiorock/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
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why does the single crystal ferroelectric have a different hysteresis curve compared to polycrystalline ferroelectric?
For the ferroelectric hysteresis curve, is there a reason why single crystal ferroelectrics have a 'hard' ferroelectric hysteresis curve compared to 'soft' ferroelectric hysteresis curve for ...
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Is the number of atoms per unit cell for Hexagonal Close-packed (HCP) really 6?
I am questioning whether the conventional N=6 for HCP is accurate. This question is spawned from an image in ZYbooks Material Science and Engineering textbook by Callister and Rethwisch, where they ...
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What does "acidic" mean in an article on hydrogen boride nanosheets?
From Rojas et al. [1] (emphasis mine):
On the other hand, we found that proton exchange with HB occurs in water with the estimated $\mathrm{p}K_\mathrm{a}$ of $3.5\pm 0.2,$ even after reactive sites ...
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Formation of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy
I have been researching on how to form AZ91 Common Magnesium Alloy which consists of 90% Mg, 9% Al, 1% Zn, 0.3% Mn. Referring to the article at here, I have read and highlighted important text and ...
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Is it possible to physically stretch US paper currency? [closed]
This is not a facetious question.
I am curious how one can physically stretch US paper currency, which is allegedly 75% cotton and 25% linen. Unlike cotton or linen fabric, paper currency does not ...
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Why can we use the arrhenius equation to measure the number of vacancies in a material?
In a materials science video I was watching today the prof. said we could use the arrhenius equation to estimate the number of vacancy point defects in a material. And gave the following equation:
Nv =...
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Is polycarbonate resistant to extremely cold temperatures?
I am working on a project which involves the use of polycarbonate. Polycarbonate is quite a new material to me as I haven't worked with it yet. I want to know its characteristics in detail, as it ...
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What are some good synthetic samples I can make myself to start getting better at Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction?
I'm a student wanting to become an expert in quantitative X-Ray Diffraction (QXRD) to determine the wt%s of both crystalline and amorphous phases in a solid specimen. At my university I have access to ...
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What is a good strategy for fully quantitative X-Ray Diffraction on coal fly ashes?
I am having some trouble with fully quantitative phase identification of coal fly ashes using x-ray diffraction (XRD). Here follows some basic information about the experiment:
--
...
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Should I use DMA or tensile and compressive testing?
I have some polymer based samples (the exact composition is proprietary) that were additively manufactured, however the sample amount is severely limited so I'm limited on the amount of material ...
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What material(s) can offer similar performance to polyurethane in a paint coating, but with less hydrogen?
We need to coat parts of an neutron instrument with a boron shielding coating. This currently is achieved using an airbrush gun with a paint mix of demineralized water, polyurethane and boron powder.
...
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In bulletproof vests, why do we use ceramic plates instead of metal?
In many articles, it has been mentioned that bulletproof vests also contain ceramic plates for extra protection. Wouldn't it be better to use metal instead? Since ceramic breaks easily.
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What chemical reactions takes place in purifying acetylene?
Acetylene produced by water on calcium carbide method contain several impurity compound, that are harmful for welding or other purposes of acetylene and needs to be absorbed from the gas mixture ...
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Best material selection for a component containing hot saturated-level saline water with high chloride content (Polymer vs coated metal)
I have a component (Which can be seen as the attached file)
and inside the component, there would be hot saturated-level saline water with high chloride content (Not shown)
Considerations:
The ...
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Why is reported effective pore size smaller that the one declared in the name of the molecular sieve type X?
The molecular sieve type is often coded with <number><letter> combination, where <number> specifies the pore ...
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Is there a liquid with refractive index 1.5 to 1.6 that is substitute to bromoform?
So I am tasked with making my countries standards sustainable, wherever possible and trying to address any of the 17 SDGs. I came across a test in a certain material specification code that uses ...
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Is elongation a measure of plastic deformation?
I did a tensile test of a metallic alloy, and I want to calculate it's elongation. Would it simply be the (failure strain - yield strain)?
For reference, I got the following values from the test:
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Are there tools or algorithms to detect organic molecules from 3D crystal structures?
The task I'm thinking of is to detect entire molecules from structures, such as in a crystallographic information file (CIF) or from the XYZ file generated in a molecular dynamics simulation. ...
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Is there a material that ions can pass through but water can’t?
I was wondering whether there is a material that can pass ions (such as the ions existing in seawater) but not water. I am aware that water molecules are smaller, so they can pass through some ...
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Can uranium be used to color aluminium oxide based gemstones, and/or diamonds?
Re-hosting this question from Physics to Chemistry, lightly edited.
Rubies and sapphires are chemically equivalent to the mineral corundum, with the exception of transition metal impurities that ...
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A durable rubber type material that can flex easily but return to its original shape very fast
I'm looking for a durable rubber type of material for a guitar pick holder. The material I'm looking for will need to have flexibility to pick individual notes of a guitar, but needs to return to its ...
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How to find out by what method the steel was made, having a microstructure?
I know that rolled steel will have grains elongated in the rolling direction and I don't see anything similar in the microstructures of these steels. If I'm not mistaken, then the irregular boundaries ...
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How do I keep my homemade liquid fabric softener from separating?
I have a recipe for a homemade liquid fabric softener that smells good and works great, but I have to shake it every time before I use it. It gets old fast.
The recipe calls for:
12 cups hot water, ...
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What easily accessible material has melting point between 500 °C and 590 °C?
Is there an available at home material with the melting point between 500 °C and 590 °C?
Plastics usually melt below 400 °C.
Tin and lead also below that.
Aluminum is melting above 600 °C.
I made a ...
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Is there a stretchable, transparent polymer like PDMS, but not so hydrophobic?
I'm looking for something like PDMS, but not as hydrophobic. I'm trying to form 2d crystals using the surface tension of an evaporating droplet to organize microspheres into an ordered array. PDMS ...
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Solid materials with dipolar molecules
I am trying to heat solids using controlled microwave radiation and I am therefore looking for materials that absorb microwaves well. I have understood that for radiation in the radio frequency and ...
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Can a vacuum on a closed system really “pull” things out of it?
So I’m learning gas discharge tube making (neon) and there’s a step where you cork one end of the tube and pull a vacuum on the other end to suck out all the impurities. The same thing was done when I ...
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Aluminum Alloy with most alkaline resistance [closed]
Previously i asked this question in Engineering SE: What aluminum grade is the most resistant to corrosion in alkaline environment?
Some input from others seem indicating that no mass-produced ...
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What material properties are unpredictable (not reproducible) but can be measured consistently and at a low cost?
I'm looking for a process to create a material which has some easy to measure properties.
These properties should be consistent over a long period.
It should be very hard (expensive) to predict/...
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How to determine the visual properties of a specific steel compound?
The material that is described in a paper by Li et. al.[1] is interesting to me, but they don't go into any details on what the end result would look like visually. Out of curiosity, I was wondering ...
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