Questions tagged [reaction-mechanism]
The detailed (and as complete as possible) description of plausible or observable pathways leading from reactants to products of a chemical process. This tag should be applied to questions about these processes. It may be applied to hypothetical and/or proposed mechanisms.
2,779
questions
-1
votes
0
answers
16
views
Which is the correct site of attack of base on 1,2 diabromopentane in elimination reaction
In the elimination reaction of vicinal dihlides, say 1,2 dibromopentane, we have more than one position for attack of base. In the given example, we can form two elimination products: 1-bromopentene ...
- 1
-3
votes
0
answers
26
views
How to remove carbon black from used engine oil [closed]
Any one can tell me how to remove carbon black from black used motor or engine oil.
Is there any one know easy and cheapest way to decolonization black used motor oil?
-4
votes
0
answers
26
views
Reaction between Ammonium Chloride and Hydrogen Peroxide [closed]
Consider the reaction between Ammonium Chloride and Hydrogen Peroxide. I'm struggling to understand how to determine what the products will be. What kind of reaction might this be?
Is there some ...
- 1
-3
votes
0
answers
26
views
why are weak acid strong base reactions irreversible? [closed]
https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_Arkansas_Little_Rock/Chem_1300%3A_Preparatory_Chemistry/Learning_Modules/05%3A_Chemical_Reactions/5.05%3A_Neutralization_Reactions
Why wouldn't ...
- 1
-1
votes
0
answers
18
views
Reaction Mechanism of Imidazole Synthesis [closed]
I would like help with this question, I need the reaction mechanism for this imidazole synthesis, thanks in advance
- 9
-3
votes
0
answers
26
views
How to calculate the degradation rate of 10% Bleach?
10% bleach is recomended by the CDC as a general disinfectant. The CDC also states that it should be made daily due to degradation.
Bleach (usually 5.25% or 6.00%–6.15% sodium hypochlorite depending ...
- 95
-2
votes
1
answer
55
views
Reaction between Chlorine and Sodium Hydroxide? [closed]
The reaction between Chlorine and Sodium Hydroxide is extremely different depending on the temperature. My textbook has two equations. One for the reaction at 15 degrees and the other for a reaction ...
2
votes
1
answer
59
views
Confusion in carbocation rearrangement
In the above dehydration reaction (asked in a competitive examination) I have shown two paths, obviously only one of them is correct.
According to test correct answer is product formed through A but I ...
- 177
-5
votes
0
answers
28
views
Replacing Copper in a new Anti-aging technology [closed]
A combination of two nutraceuticals—resveratrol (R) and copper (Cu)—generates free radicals (ROS) that can help ameliorate various diseases an improve markers that correlate with advancing aging, by ...
-4
votes
0
answers
39
views
Nucleophilic attack by O- in Cannizaro [closed]
In cannizzaro reaction, why doesn't the intermediate formed in second step show nucleophilic attack on another aldehyde by virtue of the negative charge on the oxygen. Why departure of hydride is ...
- 143
0
votes
0
answers
39
views
Quinate elimination E2 [closed]
I have a chemical which is the quinate
I know that elimination E2 mechanism will dehydrate the molecule at some positions. It is unclear to me how many products can be made from E2 elimination of ...
- 9
1
vote
0
answers
51
views
Could there be any reaction between piperine and Pink curing salt #2 [closed]
EDIT: I originally (incorrectly) asked this question re: capsaicin; but found that the actual compound of concern in black pepper is "piperine".
This question originates on a forum dedicated ...
- 29
-5
votes
1
answer
58
views
Why does C2H3Li + HBr go to completion but C2H3Na + HBr doesn't? [closed]
The reaction between $\ce{C2H3Li + HBr}$ forms lithium and bromoethane, just like $\ce{C2H4 + HBrC}$ forms bromoethane. However, $\ce{C2H4NaBr}$ and $\ce{C2H4KBr}$ does not seem to exist?
I'm assuming ...
- 1
-3
votes
0
answers
42
views
Is there an example of a 3rd order reaction? And how is "simultaneous" collision defined in quantum mechanics?
For a 3rd order reaction 3 reactants have to collide "exactly at the same time", this is very unlikely and it is more likely that first an intermediate product is formed which then reacts ...
- 1
-5
votes
1
answer
51
views
Does KMnO4 Oxidize Alpha-Beta Unsaturated Aldehydes? [closed]
I suspect that since $\ce{KMnO4}$ is a strong oxidizing agent it will react with the $\alpha,\beta$-unsaturated part of the carbonyl forming an epoxide. Are there any secondary reactions that one ...
-2
votes
0
answers
33
views
Equilibrium constant of a weak acid and weak base reaction
Consider the following reaction:
$$\ce{AH + H2O <=> A- + H3O+}\tag{1}$$
Where $\ce{AH}$ is a weak acid and $\ce{A-}$ is it's conjugate base, I read that the forward reaction (dissociation of the ...
-2
votes
1
answer
59
views
Why does a molecule produce ions in a solvent? [closed]
I was thinking hard about it, what is the theory behind this mechanism? I'm not talking about just acid dissociation, but even salt dissociation. I cannot imagine what is the fundamental principle ...
- 63
-1
votes
1
answer
40
views
Question about ozonolysis of alkene/alkyne [closed]
I'm having trouble with this problem. I do not see how any of the options could produce the given products on ozonolysis.
We're performing reductive ozonolysis, so products should be either ...
- 29
2
votes
0
answers
40
views
unexpected ozonolysis products: short chain alkanes (methan, ethane, propane) as reaction products when ozone reacts with organic matter
My question is which molecule or functional group reacts with ozone to yield short-chain alkanes?
Some background: I use ozone produced by an ozone generator with the aim to clean my vacuum instrument ...
1
vote
0
answers
28
views
Why does the chlorine radical attack the carbon-hydrogen bond in methane as apposed to the chlorine - carbon bond in a molecule of chloromethane? [duplicate]
During the propagation step in a free radical substitution for the production of haloalkanes, a chlorine radical attacks the carbon-hydrogen bond in chloromethane. Even though this feels right, and I ...
- 19
3
votes
1
answer
103
views
How does tetraethyl lead prevent knocking?
My understanding of knocking is that in a spark ignition engine as the fuel is being compressed it heats up. The heat causes some of the oxygen to break up into oxygen radicals the $\ce{O^.}$ ...
- 133
1
vote
0
answers
42
views
Propagating production of chromic acid consuming only Cr$_2$O$_3$ & H$_2$O$_2$
I only have access to a small amount of pure chromic acid & I need to produce more. On the other hand, what I have is ample $\ce{Cr2O3}$.
Would adding $\ce{Cr2O3}$ powder to chromic acid & $\...
- 111
1
vote
1
answer
68
views
How does KI catalyze the reaction with H2O2?
I've done a Google search regarding this question, and have found that there is no place online which answers this question to the degree that I want. Unfortunately, every site online stops at the ...
- 11
0
votes
1
answer
60
views
What are the reactions between Zinc acetate dihydrate and Methoxyethanol? [closed]
I am synthesizing a sol-gel solution with Zinc acetate dihydrate + Methoxyethanol and ethanolamine as stabilizer, and I wonder what are the reactions that are taking place in the process. Could you ...
- 19
1
vote
0
answers
41
views
Would the mechanism for the reaction be polar or radical?
I've disregarded the fact that the reaction could proceed via a concerted mechanism but am unsure how else it would go.
My thoughts are that it either goes via a polar mechanism or a radical mechanism....
- 107
2
votes
1
answer
53
views
Reaction between iron oxide and metallic zinc or aluminum at 500C
High temperature corrosion of iron occurs on passenger automobiles in areas such as exhaust headers, pipes and bolts that reach temperatures of about 500°C. The iron is in the form of steel or ...
- 21
5
votes
1
answer
206
views
Mechanism for a reaction of reduced fluorophenol with BF3?
In the given question, $\ce{BF3}$ will act as an electrophile. Will it form $\ce{BF4-}$ and leave a positive charge on the carbocation to which $\ce F$ was attached or react with $\ce{OH}$. It will ...
-4
votes
1
answer
66
views
Radicals, reaction intermediate, activated complex [closed]
I'm really confused about those three concepts: radicals, reaction intermediate, activated complex.
First of all, in my course we have seen radicals in the context of chain radical reactions. But ...
- 27
2
votes
0
answers
52
views
What decides the number of water of crystallization molecules in a compound? [closed]
CuSO4.5H2O, FeSO4.7H2O, ZnSO4.7H2O are some well known compounds. Known as blue, green and white vitriol respectively. As we can see the first compound has 5 molecules of water while the latter two ...
1
vote
0
answers
14
views
Redefine a Mixing Modulus based on new reaction scheme
I am studying the effect of diffusion on liquid chemical reactions. The model is very simple in that it assumes that striations or slabs of fixed thickness of one reactant are next to the other. ...
- 173
0
votes
1
answer
74
views
Why is the sp3-sp3 reductive elimination between the R1 and norbornene in the Catellani Cycle ''not favorable''?
I have recently started reading a book about C-H activation and I cannot figure out why in the Catellani reaction cycle the R1-norbornene reductive elimination side reaction which can be a major issue ...
0
votes
0
answers
39
views
How does borane target a specific double bond on an indene?
According to the text I am using (Organic Chem, Seyan Ege, 3rd ed, problem 12.57) the halide in the electrophile borane (BH3) binds at site G. But I need to make sure I understand why. First, I ...
2
votes
0
answers
39
views
Can pyruvate get reduced after glycolysis?
During cellular respiration, the first step is glycolysis where the glucose is split into 2 pyruvates, 2 NADH, and 2 ATP. The pyruvate either goes through the citric acid cycle or goes through lactic ...
- 25
1
vote
0
answers
28
views
Activation Energy in silicon etching
I'm trying to understand what does activation energy means when we're talking about etching. Here's what I understand so far:
activation energy is the energy required by the system to undergo a ...
- 61
1
vote
1
answer
59
views
Radical chain reactions
I have some questions about radical chain reactions. Let's take an example:
And here are my questions:
How can we define in the above case at which level the reaction 2) is located (initiation or ...
- 27
2
votes
2
answers
230
views
Difference between sodium aluminate and sodium metaaluminate
So I was studying Chemistry (Hydrogen - Uses, Properties and Preparation) from 2 different textbooks (based on Grade 9 syllabus, I.C.S.E. Board, India) and I found what seems an astounding anomaly to ...
- 189
1
vote
2
answers
65
views
Should I give an endothermic reaction the exact energy it needs to occur or can I give it in parts?
I know this might be a silly question, but should I sustain the exact energy or more for the enthalpy of endothermic reaction to occur or can I give it in parts?
Let's say a certain reaction requires $...
- 223
0
votes
1
answer
71
views
Why doesn't the volume of NH3 = 325 ml in this problem? [closed]
I'm struggling with the problem below, and don't understand why
A buffer solution with pH = 9.0 is to be prepared from a 0.2 M ammonia
solution and a 0.15 M $\ce{HCl}$ solution. The sum of the molar
...
- 211
-1
votes
1
answer
40
views
Sigmatropic Rearrangement along with oxidation [closed]
I was going through an organic chemistry book I came along this question it's solution used sigmatropic rearrangement along with oxidation in Jones reagent, how does this rearrangement work??
1
vote
1
answer
56
views
Hydroboration–oxidation reaction without THF
The first step of hydroboration–oxidation usually involves $\ce{BH3}$ accompanied by THF. Is it possible for hydroboration to occur without the presence of THF? Borane is incredibly reactive. Wouldn't ...
- 19
0
votes
0
answers
34
views
How to calculate the buffer capacity for polyprotic acids? specifically H2PO4 --- HPO42- + H30+
as the title says. Is b= amount of OH-/ H3O divided by volume of buffer x change in pH wrong to use with polyprotic acids? Can I calculate the buffering capacity of a sodium phosphate buffer made up ...
- 11
4
votes
1
answer
278
views
What is the mechanism of Salkowski reaction of сholesterols?
I recently came across the Salkowski reaction of cholesterols. Cholesterol in chloroform is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid. A positive test exhibits two distinct layers, the upper chloroform ...
- 163
1
vote
0
answers
20
views
How do common histological stains work?
In histology there are commonly used acidic (= negatively charged) dyes, like eosin, erythrosine, orange G, and basic (= positively charged) dyes, like haematoxylin, toluidine and methylene blue, ...
- 111
-2
votes
1
answer
155
views
Do NaHCO3 and cyanoacrylate react? [closed]
I just saw this video about using baking soda + cyanoacrylate(CA) glue as a substrate+resin.
Neat, but do CA and $\ce{NaHCO3}$ react in any way?
If so, what does the equation look like and what is ...
- 163
3
votes
1
answer
59
views
Constants in Enzyme Kinetics under the Rapid Equilibrium Assumptions
I am new to enzyme kinetics, and I am trying to write an rate equation for a rapid equilibrium random terreactant system. I have been consulting the books Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism by Cook and ...
3
votes
1
answer
240
views
Concentration of products in tank reactor
I want to calculate the concentrations of all components in the outlet stream of the reaction: C$_2$H$_6$ -> C$_2$H$_4$ + H$_2$ (A -> B + C)
I have a tank reactor (isothermic and isobar): V= $...
- 1,069
0
votes
0
answers
48
views
Reaction constant contains one of the reactants
I need to provide the reaction rate functions of a system of reactions consisting of 5 reactions. One of them has the form: $$r_1 = \frac{k_a}{K_D + \frac{K_D}{K_I}X_4}\cdot X_2\cdot X_4.$$ I do not ...
0
votes
0
answers
50
views
In the electrophilic addition of bromine to alkenes, why is the bromine (in the brominium ion) not attacked?
The mechanism for the electrophilic addition to alkenes involves the formation of a brominium ion (has a 3-membered ring composed of the two carbon atoms from the alkene and the bromine atom).
The ...
0
votes
0
answers
37
views
How to determine whether a reaction is possible by using a phase diagram?
Given the following phase diagram for a binary mixture of $\ce{MoO3}$ and $\ce{Bi2O3}$:
I am asked to determine whether from $\ce{Bi2O3}$ and $\ce{Bi6Mo2O15}$, can $\ce{Bi10Mo3O24}$ and $\ce{...
- 17
0
votes
2
answers
105
views
Why does temperature remain constant during phase changes?
In a phase change the temperature remains constant but I can't understand why. The answers I have read state that during phase changes energy is only used to break bonds between molecules rather than ...
- 211