Questions tagged [aqueous-solution]
For questions relating to compounds dissolved in water and resulting reactions.
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Is the water in an aqueous solution undergoing a reaction considered part of the system or surroundings?
System: In chemistry, a system is a chemical reaction. A system operates within its surroundings. Energy can move between the two.
Surroundings: The environment around a particular chemical reaction....
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Gas solution - State of matter
When a gas is dissolved in water does the state of gas changes ? We write it as aqueous but what is the state that exists ? does it has the properties of gases when it is dilluted ?
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How can I get create complex metal ion solution such that the majority of the central metal ions only have one specific ligand?
I'm looking for a way to have the ligand, Chloride ion, datively bond with Copper Sulphate.
I understand it is as simple as creating a solution of Hydrochloric Acid and dissolving Copper Sulphate ...
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Does electrolysis of aqueous tin (II) chloride produce Cl2 or SnCl4? Or both?
When applying a current to an aqueous solution of tin (II) chloride, tin crystals grow from the cathode. However, I'm not sure about the anode. It seems like there are two possible reactions:
$$\ce{...
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The density of an aqueous solution
Could the density of an aqueous solution be less than 1g/ml ? For an example, can 0.98g/ml be taken as a density for an aqueous sulphuric acid solution ?
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Quantity of base needed to neutralise litre of 36% HCl?
Sorry for asking a basic chemistry question. I last did this kind of chemistry at school about 30 years ago and I don't have confidence that I'd get it right from first principles :)
Short version: ...
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How do we determine which ions will couple in a double displacement reaction? [duplicate]
Let's suppose that aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and Silver nitrate are mixed. What determines that the solid precipitate which is formed is Silver chloride? And why is this precipitate solid? ...
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does the process of curdling milk “spend” the acidity which causes it to start?
or, like in general reactant-product reactions, will the reactants (H+ for example) get used up if there arent enough, and the curdling stop? like, if the milk is just introduced to a tiny but ...
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Every liquid is water [closed]
Is it that every liquid we see is water, with more or less of x substance?
Example: urine is water with salt and minerals
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What component(s) of instant coffee make it deliquescent?
If I put small, separate piles of instant black coffee powder, sugar, powdered creamer, and even something very ionic like table salt out in humid air and come back in a few days, only the instant ...
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Ionism of weak acids - chemical equations
Lets say we have a weak acid HA. Then HA ionizes partially in water. We can write this as: $$\ce{HA + H2O <=> H3O+ + A-}$$ But also A- reacts with water. $$\ce{A- + H2O <=> HA + OH-}$$ . ...
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Why do nonmetal oxides react with water to form acidic compounds? [closed]
I am confused about the molecular basis by which nonmetal oxides react with water to form acidic compounds. For example, I understand that sulfur trioxide reacts with water to form sulfuric acid as ...
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Why don't ions form crystal lattices in water and other polar solvents?
Ionic compounds are in the form of crystal lattices, and when they are dissolved in a polar solvent, they are bonded with the corresponding cations/anions of the polar solvent. For example, $Na^+$ ...
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Is it possible to use too much precipitant? Or precipitant that is too pure?
When carrying out a precipitation in the laboratory, is it possible to either use too much precipitant? Or perhaps a precipitant that is too pure?
For example, when using ammonium hydroxide, is it ...
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Atmospheric CO2 Neutralizing Ca(OH)2 in Flume System
The factory I work at has a large flume system that contains sugar and organics. CaO is added to the flume to maintain a 12pH and keep bacterial activity to a minimum. In order to reduce the use of ...
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Advice on forming a 10% solution of Maltol
I’m having great trouble forming a 10% solution of Maltol. Specifically, I’m trying to dissolve 3 grams of Maltol in 27 grams of solvent.
I’ve tried everything from Propylene Glycol, to Deionized ...
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Diluting methanol in water: is it exothermic?
Can someone explain in simple terms why does temperature increase when mixing water with methanol? I do not have a strong background in chemistry, but I usually have to mix both liquids (sometimes ...
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Insoluble salts and Gibbs free energy
Is it true that according to gibbs free energy equation, insoluble salts such as AgCl don't dissolve because the process would be too endothermic? The right side of the equation, TΔS, would have to be ...
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Can the ions of dissolved salts be physically separated with a strong enough external electric field?
Say you had a arbitrary amount of sodium chloride dissolved in water. Could an external electric field (e.g. the electrically charged plates in Millikan's oil drop experiment) physically pull apart ...
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Will a reverse osmosis membrane exclude perfluorobutanoic acid?
I recently did a water quality test and it showed a detectable level of perfluorobutanoic acid, a potentially dangerous carboxylate PFC.
Will a reverse osmosis water purification system exclude this ...
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Reaction of soluble salts
If we were to mix two soluble salts together, for instance sodium nitrate and potassium chloride together, and their products are also soluble, will any reaction still occur? Say if we were to boil ...
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Wetting agent for H2O2 solution
I need to increase the wetting of an $\ce{H2O2}$ solution on ceramic surfaces. Does anyone know of a common chemical I can use for this?
The properties it would ideally have are:
Increases wetting ...
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vinegar + baking soda = yields far smaller volume of CO2 gas than calculation
I experimented CO2 generation by adding 4 g of 25% acetic acid water solution (=1g of acetic acid) to 1.4g of pure baking soda. But this mixture yielded only 50% less than the calculated amount 373 mL ...
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Entropy as the driving force for osmosis
How is entropy responsible for osmosis and is movement of solvent possible from its higher concentration to lower concentration?
By concentration, I will be referring to the concentration of solvent ...
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double replacement [closed]
$$\ce{KNO3(aq) + BaCl2(aq) -> KCl(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)}$$
I found products but I noticed in product that both of them are in the aqueous phase. So actually no reaction occurs?
Does a reaction need ...
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What is the net ionic equation of the following?
Aqueous chlorine is added to a solution of aluminum bromide in a single replacement reaction which forms no precipitate and bromine liquid. Determine the net ionic equation.
Since this is a single ...
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Will magnesium chloride and ascorbic acid react in solution?
Both magnesium chloride dissolved in distilled water and ascorbic acid dissolved in distillled water have been separately shown to have a number of health benefits when applied topically to the skin.
...
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pH calculation of salt in acid
A person go to an all-you-can eat restaurant but eat a little too
much and get heartburn. He returns to his room, looking for a remedy. He takes $3$ teaspoons of milk of
magnesia, which contains $...
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1answer
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Water boiling with salt and without it [closed]
Does 1L of water with salt boil faster or slower than one with the same amount of water but without salt?
What I know is that since when you add salt to the water the temperature of boiling increase ...
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Why don't soluble gases that evolve in a reaction remain in solution?
Take for instance the following process:
$$\text{2NaCl}_{\ (s)} + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_{4 \ (aq)} \to \text{2HCL}_{\ (g)} + \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_{4 \ (aq)} $$
Why does the evolved gas leave the ...
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Diffusion of CO2 and O2 in Water/Atmosphere System
Consider the following experiment:
One reservoir of pure water is interfacing the atmosphere at standard condition.
Both are at rest and at the same temperature.
Both have no internal gradients (ie:...
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Beer's law relationship for light scattering at 90 degrees
First-time poster here
In Beer's law, the ratio of incident light intensity, $I_0$, to exiting light intensity, $I$, is defined as $\log_{10} (\frac {I_0} {I}) = \epsilon L c$. Then, by rearranging ...
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Equation of state (EoS) for liquid density, in terms of pressure, temperature and concentration
I'm currently in need of an equation to calculate density of aqueous solutions such as acids, bases, and salts. The equations to calculate liquid density that I have found so far do not account for ...
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Does dissolving sodium carbonate in water produce carbon dioxide?
Does dissolving sodium carbonate in water produce carbon dioxide?
I have been thinking about this for a long time but I'm getting inconsistent answers online.
My thinking is that $\ce{CO3^2-}$ ...
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What is the proper way to prepare a solution aiming to minimize errors?
I am a undergraduate student in chemistry, and my university is very weak in teaching solution preparation. I need to prepare a 10 mg / L methylene blue solution and now the way I do is, using an ...
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Making sulfate from elemental sulfur [closed]
I have $\approx\pu{2 g}$ of elemental sulfur that I need to convert to dissolved sulfate in DI water. What's the easiest lab chemistry that will get me there?
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Do bases undergo dissociation or ionisation in aqueous solution?
What do bases undergo when dissolved in water: ionisation or dissociation or both? Some books say ionisation while others say dissociation. What is the correct answer?
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Buffer Solution with Strong Acid?
I was thinking: Could we could make a strong acid-strong base buffer solution? Take, for instance, a mixture of 1 L $\ce{HCl}$ (0.1 M) and 1 L of aqueous salt, $\ce{Na_2SO_4}$ (also 0.1 M), note that $...
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How does a negatively-charged ion behave in the electrical field of biphasic systems
The following is the electrostatic potential plot along the z-axis in a liquid-liquid biphasic system (a ionic-liquid vs water).
There are some negatively-charged ions in the positive side of z (z > ...
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How to determine if an unknown is potassium chloride or potassium bromate?
In class, we were given unknown substances. I've narrowed the possible substances down to either potassium chloride or potassium bromate.
We were given several acids, indicators, and other chemicals (...
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pKa Values and the Leveling Effect
I've heard that the leveling effect happens if the pKa of the acid is less than water, but then I've also heard it will happen if the acid is too strong (stronger than Hydronium). Is this correct? Are ...
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Two differing methods for vanadium extraction
The following sources (Source 1, Source 2) both cover the extraction of Vanadium (specifically Vanadium Pentoxide, $\ce{V2O5}$) from petroleum residue (petcoke and flyash respecitvely).
However when ...
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How to meausre ion interferences in solution?
Is there a way to quantitatively measure the interference of different metal ions in solution? I plan to measure concentration of Pb(II), Fe(II), and Cu(II) in solution together using a ...
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1answer
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Find the concentration of proton after adding a acid to NaOH [closed]
I have this simple problem that I cannot figure out though, only the first part.
100 ml of 1.0 $\frac{mol}{L}$ $NaOH_(aq)$ contains ( a ) g of NaOH.
After mixing 100 ml of 1.0 $\frac{mol}{L}$ $...
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How does the water pollutant sodium nitrate affect the concentrations of other ions in tap (dam) water? [closed]
Context
In my assignment I've been given two water samples from the hinze dam. The first sample has been untouched, however the second has been contaminated with an unknown ionic compound. To ...
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Would the reaction to produce amides from acyl chlorides also produce carboxylic acids?
As part of my A-level chemistry course, I have been taught that an acyl chloride will react violently with water to produce a carboxylic acid and hydrochloric acid. I have also been taught that an ...
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Formulation of a suspension of Magnesium Hydroxide
For a school project of mine, I have to formulate a suspension of Magnesium Hydroxide which contains at least 50% of solid matter.
This suspension is prepared from Magnesium Oxide 98% with a ...
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How do concentrations of nitrate in water samples change over time?
Context: (Not necessary to answer the question)
For an assignment I am currently testing two samples of water. One is a pre-contamination sample and the other is a post-contaimnation sample. Between ...
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2answers
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KCl + CuCl2 in solution, is there a reaction?
I'm wondering if the reaction of $\ce{KCl + CuCl2}$ in solution (aq) will produce any products (have a net ionic equation/solid precipitate)?
Using the metal activity series, I see that potassium is ...
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Is the ionic solution of a half-cell part of the electrode in a electrochemical cell? [closed]
A simple electrochemical cell consists of two half-cells, that is: a metal solid submerged in a solution. Additionally, there is salt bridge connecting the half-cells.
Ex: $\ce{Cu(s)}$ in $\ce{CuSO4(...
