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The mole is a standard amount of a substance A mole of a substance is a number of units (particles, atoms, molecules, ions, peas, hard candies, people, universes) equal to the number of atoms of carbon-12 in one gram of carbon-12, or an Avogadro's number of stuff. The mole allows us to relate real-word measurements to atomic scale phenomena.

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Does 11.2 dm3 of nitrogen consist of 0.5 moles at STP?

You are right that 0.5 mol of $\ce{N2}$ is 11.2 L, but read the question carefully. Option B says that 11.2 L of $\ce{N2}$ contains 0.5 mol of atoms, which is wrong, it contains 11.2 L of $\ce{N2}$ co …
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