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The intentionally added colors are the ingredients behind the CI numbers where CI stands for the colour index, an inventory by the Society of Dyers and Colourists. The numbers of five digits each are group dyes and pigments by the functional group deemed to be of principal influence for the color, though this does not correlate with the color perceived, nor exclude the presence of additional structure features which may influence the perceived color, or intensity.

CI 19140 (yellow 5 lake), CI 45410 (red 27 lake), CI 61565 (green 6).

While the printed catalogue is telephone book like heavy, Wikipedia has compiled a selection amended by the CAS registry number (an other index of chemicals, which is not constrained to dyes), and links to separate articles about the individual dyes, colorants, pigments. Hence

Out of this set of three, phloxine is the red dye which eventually was discolored by the action of aqueous lye. As mentioned in @Karsten's answer, $\ce{OH-}$ of the base opened the 5-membered lactone cycle. This alters the electronic interaction of the remaining rings and the interaction of the molecule to visible light, i.e. what frequency of the spectrum is absorbed (and by consequence, the color perceived), and how probable such an absorption is). The underlying principle relates to the one of phenolphthalein.

Image credit: structure formulae are extracted from property boxes of the corresponding Wikipedia pages.

The intentionally added colors are the ingredients behind the CI numbers where CI stands for the colour index, an inventory by the Society of Dyers and Colourists. The numbers of five digits each are group dyes and pigments by the functional group deemed to be of principal influence for the color, though this does not correlate with the color perceived, nor exclude the presence of additional structure features which may influence the perceived color, or intensity.

CI 19140 (yellow 5 lake), CI 45410 (red 27 lake), CI 61565 (green 6).

While the printed catalogue is telephone book like heavy, Wikipedia has compiled a selection amended by the CAS registry number (an other index of chemicals, which is not constrained to dyes), and links to separate articles about the individual dyes, colorants, pigments. Hence

Out of this set of three, phloxine is the red dye which eventually was discolored by the action of aqueous lye. As mentioned in @Karsten's answer, $\ce{OH-}$ of the base opened the 5-membered lactone cycle. This alters the electronic interaction of the remaining rings and the interaction of the molecule to visible light, i.e. what frequency of the spectrum is absorbed (and by consequence, the color perceived), and how probable such an absorption is). The underlying principle relates to the one of phenolphthalein.

The intentionally added colors are the ingredients behind the CI numbers where CI stands for the colour index, an inventory by the Society of Dyers and Colourists. The numbers of five digits each are group dyes and pigments by the functional group deemed to be of principal influence for the color, though this does not correlate with the color perceived, nor exclude the presence of additional structure features which may influence the perceived color, or intensity.

CI 19140 (yellow 5 lake), CI 45410 (red 27 lake), CI 61565 (green 6).

While the printed catalogue is telephone book like heavy, Wikipedia has compiled a selection amended by the CAS registry number (an other index of chemicals, which is not constrained to dyes), and links to separate articles about the individual dyes, colorants, pigments. Hence

Out of this set of three, phloxine is the red dye which eventually was discolored by the action of aqueous lye. As mentioned in @Karsten's answer, $\ce{OH-}$ of the base opened the 5-membered lactone cycle. This alters the electronic interaction of the remaining rings and the interaction of the molecule to visible light, i.e. what frequency of the spectrum is absorbed (and by consequence, the color perceived), and how probable such an absorption is). The underlying principle relates to the one of phenolphthalein.

Image credit: structure formulae are extracted from property boxes of the corresponding Wikipedia pages.

Source Link
Buttonwood
Buttonwood
  • 31.2k
  • 2
  • 49
  • 114

The intentionally added colors are the ingredients behind the CI numbers where CI stands for the colour index, an inventory by the Society of Dyers and Colourists. The numbers of five digits each are group dyes and pigments by the functional group deemed to be of principal influence for the color, though this does not correlate with the color perceived, nor exclude the presence of additional structure features which may influence the perceived color, or intensity.

CI 19140 (yellow 5 lake), CI 45410 (red 27 lake), CI 61565 (green 6).

While the printed catalogue is telephone book like heavy, Wikipedia has compiled a selection amended by the CAS registry number (an other index of chemicals, which is not constrained to dyes), and links to separate articles about the individual dyes, colorants, pigments. Hence

Out of this set of three, phloxine is the red dye which eventually was discolored by the action of aqueous lye. As mentioned in @Karsten's answer, $\ce{OH-}$ of the base opened the 5-membered lactone cycle. This alters the electronic interaction of the remaining rings and the interaction of the molecule to visible light, i.e. what frequency of the spectrum is absorbed (and by consequence, the color perceived), and how probable such an absorption is). The underlying principle relates to the one of phenolphthalein.