It's not advisable to consider these types of reaction schemes in a slavishly literal fashion. In reality, there are multiple proton transfer equilibria occurring simultaneously, and the reactions ...

If the elimination occurs via an ${\mathrm{E_2}}$ mechanism, the other endocyclic double bond (i.e., the one between the two methyl bearing carbons) cannot be formed, as the $\ce{C_2}$ $\beta$-...

The product you've described contains the following ingredients (per the ingredient data sheet on the manufacturing company website): Sodium hydroxide Sodium chloride Aluminium Mineral oil One ...

Quoting Greenwood & Earnshaw's Chemistry of the Elements, discussing the triatomic polyhalide anions: [I]nteratomic distances [...] are individually always substantially greater than for the ...

The ideal bond angles for alkynes are $180^{\circ}$, which is necessary for optimal overlap of atomic orbitals combining to produce mutually perpendicular $\pi$-type molecular orbitals. Any ...

For relatively dilute solutions of non-volatile solutes, the following equation (which assumes ideal behavior) can be used to predict boiling point elevation with reasonable accuracy: $$\Delta T_b = ...

The extended, conjugated series of alternating double-bonds in $\beta$-carotene comprises a system of highly delocalized $\pi$ electrons. If a radical forms by hydrogen abstraction at one of the two ...

A redox reaction is one in which oxidation state of some atom changes, and such reactions need not involve metals, nor any ionic species. Oxidation state is the idealized charge that a given atom ...

Carbon dioxide is a much stronger Lewis acid than carbon monoxide. In carbon dioxide, the carbon has a much higher oxidation state (formally, $+4$ vs. the $+2$ of carbon monoxide), and the two oxygen ...

I presume you're referring to $\ce{Br-}$ and $\ce{Cl-}$ in aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. In that case, $\ce{Br-}$ is typically the superior leaving group to $\ce{Cl-}$, due to the ...

You seem to be using a very simplified version of the index of hydrogen deficiency. A more complete expression is: $$IHD = \frac{2C + 2 - H - X + N}{2}$$ Where $C$, $H$, $X$, and $N$ represent the ...

You seem to have the right idea. To elaborate, take the specific example of the positive azeotrope of (roughly) 96% ethanol and 4% water. If you begin with a mixture containing less than 96% ethanol, ...

Electrophilic aromatic substitution, of which nitration is one specific example, is often a kinetically controlled process, i.e., the distribution of products is determined by the energies of the ...

It seems fairly clear that the authors intended to refer to the racemic mixture there. You're right that a comma would normally be used to separate the locants of distinct stereocenters when multiple ...

The equation $Q = mc \Delta T$ is appropriate for calorimetry at a constant volume. $Q$ here refers to the net heat transfer of the isolated system. Change in enthalpy, $\Delta H$, on the other hand, ...

The elements on the left-side of the periodic table are relatively electron deficient (i.e., they have few valence electrons), and due to their comparatively low effective nuclear charges (the net ...

From what I've read (and personal experience with IRs I've run), a relatively intense $\ce{CO2}$ asymmetric bond stretching signal at approximately $\ce{2350cm^{-1}}$ is an extremely common background ...

In theory, one can substitute a leaving group with retention of stereochemistry by performing two successive $\mathrm{S_N2}$ reactions. The first one inverts stereochemistry, and the second one ...

If the numerical sequence of locants is equivalent, the numbering should be assigned to correspond with alphabetical order. Hence, in your example, correct would be 1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane. ...

Completely symmetrical diatomic molecules like $\ce{O2}$ and $\ce{N2}$ are not IR-active because they have a zero dipole moment, even when oscillating within their one vibrational mode. Hence, there ...

I found one source indicating that the reaction involves the conversion of the flavonoid to the corresponding anthocyanidin. The structure of that resulting anthocyanidin contains an extended system ...

From Greenwood and Earnshaw's excellent book Chemistry of the Elements: When the metals are burned in a free supply of air the predominant product depends on the mtal: $\ce{Li}$ forms the oxide $\...

The water is the source of the hydroxyl ($\ce{-OH}$) group in the phenol, which accounts for one oxygen and one hydrogen. The other hydrogen is ultimately abstracted, probably by a second molecule of ...

Tertiary alcohols (such as 2-methyl-2-propanol, in your specific case) cannot be directly oxidized by $\ce{Cr(VI)}$ salts like $\ce{K2Cr2O7}$ because they have no $\alpha$-hydrogen. On the other hand, ...

If I understood you correctly, your objection is to the relative cis- designation in the name of the compound. As far as I can tell, the use of any stereochemical designation within the context of ...

Unless I'm very much mistaken, this molecule should not be labelled with any stereochemical descriptors, whether they be relative (cis/trans) or absolute (E/Z). The double bond has three identical ...

I can't claim to have any personal experience with that sulfuric acid/nitric acid cleaning mixture specifically, but, as far as I'm aware, PTFE is generally inert towards acids. As a testament to that,...

Short answer: no, there's nothing preventing you from drawing arbitrarily complex molecules according to the conventions of Lewis dot structures. They are not special, and the rules for drawing them ...

If you're referring to chlorination of public water supplies, keep in mind that this is likely not the main source of chloride ion. Elemental chlorine disproportionates via the following reaction: $\...

It's true that a precipitation reaction will always yield at least one solid product, but not every reaction that yields a solid is, strictly speaking, properly categorized as a precipitation reaction....