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Q1: The equilibrium concentration c of a gas in a solution (typically water) which is present in the atmosphere with partial pressure p dictated by Henry's Law: $H_{cp} = c/p$ where $H_{cp}$ is Henry's coefficient for that specific gas. This law states that the concentration of the gas in the solution is directly proportional to its pressure in the ...

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Why does it have such a low solubility? I would have thought the OH group would make it more soluble. Interesting question but there is a logical fallacy. You are connecting the concept of solute's polarity with its water solubility. Note the word polarity is a catch-all term for many interactions. Solubility is the hardest thing to predict or model! It is ...

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I believe have found a answer. It's valid mathematically, make sense physically but I don't know if chemically is true. I posted to community appreciation. There we go! The reactions ionization of weak acid: $$\ce{HA + H2O <=> H3O+ + A-}\qquad K_\ce{a}=\frac{\ce{[H3O+][A-]}}{\ce{[HA]}} \tag{1} \label{eq:KWeakAcid}$$ ionization of weak base: \...

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To find a solvent with low solubility for non polar gases like CO2 you have to compare the polarity of the solvents. A very polar solvent like water is the best choice. There's a related question here: Dissolving of non polar gases in water (liquid) At the end of this answer I have added two links. The first one gives you the solubility of CO2 in water. ...

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Here is some data on other well-soluble salts: Comparing the values, both the anion and the cation contribute to magnitude of enthalpy and entropy. The larger cations seem to contribute to a larger entropy of dissolution, as do the larger anions. The entropy is concentration-dependent, so I assume the data is for a standard state of about 1 mol/L dissolved ...

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Best way is sending a sample for Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy (AAS). You can get the concentration for $\ce{Mn, Pb, Fe, Cr, Ni}$, and other water goodies. Contact a local university or lab and get a price quote for a test. Or get a flame spectroscope and DIY https://web.pdx.edu/~atkinsdb/teach/427/Expt-AtomicSpec.pdf

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In solids, reorientational and especially translational molecular motion are highly hindered. The motion of individual molecules is constrained about mean fixed positions within a regular lattice. Such regularity is absent in liquids, where significant thermal energy is associated with rearrangements in molecular position and orientation. This is of course ...

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The $\mathrm{p}K_\mathrm{sp}$ value of $15.69$ for $\ce{HgCl2}$ given by your reference must have an error. First of all, $\ce{HgCl2}$ is fairly soluble in water at $\pu{20 ^\circ C}$. Wikipedia lists it as $\pu{65.7 g L-1}$, yet lists solubility of $\ce{Hg2Cl2}$ as $\pu{3.25e-4 g L-1}$. Meantime, I found an University of Arkansas, Little Rock website, which ...

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