New answers tagged reaction-mechanism
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The reaction to consider is the transformation of chemical energy into visible radiation (light) and a little of heat. A glowing stick consists of at least two compartments which -- on purchase -- a supposed to be kept separate. The snap only breaks the wall between the two so that chemicals may mix with each other to start chemoluminescence (work ...
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You seem to have got the uses of the compounds right, but could not bring that knowledge together to apply it here. As you said, you first use the Grignard to add a methyl group to D
Let's call this compound K. Then, we use $\ce{NaCN}$ to convert the alcohol into a nitrile, then to a carboxylic acid rather than an amide, as this would be easier to work with ...
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I suspect the red salt you are seeing is Iron (III) carbonate, which was likely created from, as you noted, the neutralization of aqueous Iron (III) chloride with Baking Soda (in excess?) per the reactions:
$\ce{FeCl3 (aq) + 3 NaHCO3 (aq)-> 3 NaCl (aq) + 2Fe(HCO₃)₃(aq)}$
$\ce{2Fe(HCO₃)₃ (aq) → Fe₂(CO₃)₃ (s) + 3H₂O (l) + 3CO₂ (g)}$
$\ce{2Fe(HCO₃)₃ + HAc (...
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Compiling my comments(now deleted) into an answer.
TL;DR: the products are different due to different stoichiometric ratios of the reactants and is not dependent on the solvent. You can use different solvents so that you can increase the yields.
Hunsdiecker reaction
The Hunsdiecker reaction is a reaction whereby silver salts of carboxylic acids react with a ...
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Now that the general consensus of the Commenters is that meta cyclization is viable and that the answer is (d) and not (a), the OP and other readers should be concerned as to how an (E)-double bond can cyclize in a Friedel-Crafts (F-C) reaction. It doesn't! Prior isomerization to the (Z)-configuration is required.
(E)-Acyl chloride 1 must rotate about the ...
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I read that chlorine is more reactive than oxygen despite being less electronegative
I think that you read it wrong reactivity of an element is directly related to its ability to gain electron, so oxygen is champion in gaining electron because of its high electronegativity.
$$\ce{CuO + 2 HCl -> CuCl2 + H2O}$$
now for this reaction, you do not require the ...
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That is correct, the two numbered reagent and solvent pairs refer to two reactions, that will be done after one another.
There is an intermediate product that can be isolated, or at least identified.
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I am confident both are aluminum ; Steel would be magnetic, austenitic stainless is non-magnetic ,but normal relatively shiny or bright in consumer products. All steels are about 3 X more dense than aluminum if you could judge the density. Aluminum is subject to corrosion in solutions of salts, acids ,and bases. But I couldn't pick one of your components as ...
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The chemistry of magnesium is somewhat more complicated than you might think. First, $Mg$ metal is always covered with $OH$ groups - $Mg(OH)_2$ is quite insoluble, and so a piece of magnesium does not react with water (pH = 7). Well, not very rapidly, anyway - we say that the magnesium is passivated and corrosion is stifled by its insoluble hydroxide coating....
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You are correct that the alcohol atacks the carbonyl then the ring oxygen leaves in a manner analagous to ester transesterification. The intermediate generated is an enol which picks up a proton to for the ketone.
image from here: 1
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Your cited reaction proceeds, but in the reverse directions as follows:
$$\ce{HCl (aq) + AgNO3 (aq) -> AgCl (s) + HNO3 (aq)}$$
So apparently, a weak acid can react to give a 'stronger acid', albeit, in dilute form, with the creation of an insoluble precipitate.
This is relatedly evident, as one can also produce a dilute version of the acids like HI, HBr, ...
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Can a weak acid react to give a stronger acid? Well, yes, if you set up the right conditions. For instance, sulfuric acid (estimated first pK = -3) can be heated with $NaCl$ to boil off $HCl$ (pK = -5.9) according to Wikipedia. $HCl$ is driven from the reaction arena as a gas.
You will claim that’s a special case, with unusual conditions (the boiling off). ...
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