18
The reaction of benzene over $\ce{V2O5/ PtAu}$ catalyst at lower temperatures, can convert benzene to phenol with some success.
See this book here Direct hydroxylation of benzene
[The original question before editing was: What is the Ratta Maar Reaction?] Someone has played a prank with you with the named reaction. "Ratta maar" is a slang for "rote ...
4
The terminology given to that reaction by your instructors is very odd. But the more important thing is that $\ce{V_2O_5}$ isn't a reagent in converting benzene directly to phenol, rather it is a catalyst. The first few pages of the book linked by @M.Farooq writes
[...] Various sources have reported the use of nitrous oxide to supply the active oxygen [...
3
The above is the mechanism for Fries Rearrangement for a brominated ester( doesn't matter really, for any ester the mechanism essentially remains to be the same).As per what I infer from your question, I think you mean to ask why even in the presence of $\ce{O^+-AlCl3}$ which is a strongly deactivating group, the major product is not meta-substituted.
As you ...
3
Benzoquinone($\ce{C6H4O2}$) is a quinone with a single benzene ring. There are two types of benzoquinone:
1,4-Benzoquinone also called p-benzoquinone. More common type of
benzoquinone. It is the main product of oxidation of phenol.
1,2-Benzoquinone also called o-benzoquinone. Less common type of benzoquinone.
Phenoquinone is a crystalline complex made of ...
2
p-Nitrophenol does have a higher $\mathrm{p}K_\mathrm{a}$ than carbonic acid (7.15 vs 6.3), the two logarithms differ by less than one unit, if we render the acidic species in carbonic acid as $\ce{CO2}$ rather than $\ce{H2CO3}$. So the equilibrium constant in the reaction
$$\ce{p-C6H4(NO2)OH + HCO3- <=> p-C6H4(NO2)O- + CO2 + H2O}$$
is close to $1$ ...
2
Thank you for the question. This is a very basic physical chemistry question but the way it has been asked is interesting.
In order to understand the probability of displacement of a H from any X-H bond (X is any atom), you need to know its pKa. The pKa values are as follows (ref.):
pKa of water = 14
pKa of OH (phenol) = 9.95
pKa of CH (benzene) = 43
If ...
2
The Reimer–Tiemann reaction will give a mixture of products unless the formation of one product is highly disfavoured. The Kürti-Csakó notes in its introductory paragraph on the Reimer–Tiemann:[1]
the regioselectivity is not high, but ortho-formyl products tend to predominate;
The statement already hints at a product mixture being obtained. To further show ...
1
In Reimer-Tiemann Reaction, a mixture of ortho and para isomers is obtained in which the ortho isomer predominates (it is not the sole product).
If one of the ortho positions is occupied, the para-isomer is the major product.
The two isomers can be separated by fractional distillation, in which the unreacted phenol and the ortho-isomer distil over leaving ...
1
The question: Why isn't 4-hydroxybenzoic acid formed along with salicylic acid in Kolbe's reaction?
There was a good answer provided to OP's question elsewhere using the cation sizes. However, it didn't provide the clear answer to the main question about why isn't 4-hydroxybenzoic acid formed when $\ce{NaOH}$ is used as a base. And there is also another ...
Only top voted, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible
