6
According to p 52, Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations 2005 (‘Red Book’):
The ending ‘ide’
normally indicates a negative ion, and therefore lanthanoid and actinoid are preferred to
lanthanide and actinide.
In practice this is almost never followed, and consequently both terms are (for all intents and purposes) interchangeable, ...
5
There are two questions in here.
First enols/enolates. It is correct that all enolates are enolised carbonyl compounds but not all enolised carbonyl compounds are enolates. Take for example pentan-2,4-dione. While in protic solvents this will indeed have two $\ce{C=O}$ groups, if dissolved in unpolar solvents it will enolise to allow for a cyclic ...
4
The most important simplified criteria for the choice of a principal chain are:
greater number of substituents corresponding to the suffix (principal characteristic group)
longest chain
greater number of multiple bonds
lower locants for suffixes
lower locants for multiple bonds
greater number of prefixes
lower locants for prefixes
lower locants for ...
4
Welcome to parallel worlds of trivial and systematic names. We also use formic acid, acetic acid, acetyl chloride.
You can name them all systematically as methanoyl chloride, methanoic acid, ethanoic acid and ethanoyl chloride. But in the real lab life, nobody call them like that.
Formyl chloride has its name from
formyl- as acyl derived from formic ...
2
If an enzyme is called $\mathrm{NAD(P)H}$-dependent, that means it is using both $\mathrm{NAD^+/NADH}$ and $\mathrm{NADP^+/NADPH}$ as its cofactors. For example, most oxidoreductases are $\mathrm{NAD(P)H}$-dependent, which are able to oxidize a relevant substrate by transferring a hydride ($\ce{H−}$) group to a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactor (...
1
Cyano- is related to the neutral CN group. Cyanido- is related to the CN- anion. Cyanato- is related to the CNO- anion.
1
The Preferred IUPAC name is
3-methyl-4-oxobutanenitrile.
Reference: Pubchem
Explanation:
This compound has two functional groups. The seniority table says that the Nitrile group has a higher precedence over the Aldehyde/Formyl group. While picking the longest chain, we have the following set of rules (From Wikipedia):
It should have the maximum ...
1
$\boxed{\textbf{d}}$ is correct. It is the standard IUPAC name.
However, "2,4,6-trimethyl cyclohexanone" will often be understood as 2,4,6-trimethylcyclohexanone, similar to how, in theory, neopentane, 2,2-methylpropane and 1,1,1,1-methylmethane are all equivalent.
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