4
As a brief recap, when calling such reaction a "molecular equation", we are supposed to forget that the empirical formulas for ionic substances refer to formula units, not molecules. We treat all components as if they were molecules.
The quirk with "molecular equation" lies within the willful ignorance striving for a simplification in ...
3
The symbol for potassium was mostly K in the English speaking world and even some old German book use K (as early as 1829 search Kalium in this book). So there was no official change from Ka to K, because both symbols were concurrently used in various parts of the world, just one symbol, Ka, wiped out of fashion. Perhaps the German logic was to retain (Ka)...
2
«Tail» probably is just one word to describe both N-terminus (amino/ammonium group) and C-terminus (carboxylic acid/carboxylate) of a sequence of amino acids/proteins.
The shape of a sequence of amino acids is conformationally constrained depending on the specific amino acids covalently bound together. Empirically, this is described by $\varphi$ and $\psi$ ...
1
The current version of Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry – IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) reads as follows:
P-14.4 NUMBERING
When several structural features appear in cyclic and acyclic compounds, low locants are assigned to them in the following decreasing order of seniority:
(…)
(f) detachable alphabetized prefixes, all ...
1
Based on Red Book's 4-page summary (vide infra), I suggest to proceed with these steps:
What is the central ion? It is cobalt(IV).
What are the ligands: a nitrite (then to be called nitrido), four chlorides (then to be called chlorido) and a thiocyanate. According to your drawing, the later binds to $\ce{Co}$ via sulfur, thus named with the kappa notation ...
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