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Reaction rates can be calculated from the Arrhenius equation $k=Ae^{E_a/RT}$ where $E_a$ is the activation energy found at the transition state.
Please check out the Reference 1 for calculating transition states under force. Following is an excerpt from the paper (Ref.1):
As a force is delivered to the mechanophore, the energy provided by the work can ...
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Yes, it is the process of forming a dimer, and so n is specifically 2. See for instance:
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Ancillary_Materials/Reference/Organic_Chemistry_Glossary/Dimerization
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimer_(chemistry)
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dimer
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Question is solved. Poutnik taught me to do it using steady state approximation :)
Just adding the image for somebody who might find this in future.
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A rate law is never deduced from a theoretical equation. NEVER. It is always obtained form experimental measurements. It may happen that the order of the reaction is equal to the stoichiometric coefficient.
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Look for equation solvers in Numpy/ Scipy and load at the top of your script scipy.integrate import odeint and import numpy as np . There are examples of how to numerically solve differential equations in the examples and on line. The Master equation approach does not work for second order steps. There is also the Gillespie method which is a sort of Monte-...
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The expression
$$v/(\mathrm{mol\ s^{-1}\ kg^{-1}})=30$$
means
$$v=30\ \mathrm{mol\ s^{-1}\ kg^{-1}}$$
This notation is used in the table, so that the entries are all just numbers without any unit symbols.
For an explanation, I copy the following section from my meta answer, which is mainly a collection of rules and examples taken from various standards and ...
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There is a description of Marcus theory here How does the inverted Marcus region explain chemiluminescence? . The quantum nature can be added into the theory as necessary, it leads to a asymmetrical plot of rate constant vs free energy with the inverted region (large -$\Delta G$) decaying away more slowly than the normal region. The equilibrium is between ...
1
No, it is not necessary to have excess water for reaction to occur. Yet usually what books and sources mean by hydrolysis means that water as a solvent reacts with the compound. As you may know without large excess of water you wouldn't be able to go very far with the reaction (Low Yield due to equilibrium).
This is a reason why ester hydrolysis is also a ...
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In general I would say 'no', thermodynamics only tells us about starting and ending points, thus you know the $\Delta G^\text{o}$ for the reaction but nothing about its actual mechanism, (since time does not come into thermodynamics). As $K_\mathrm{eq}$ is a ratio of rate constants these can take on many different values and still have the same ratio. To ...
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The other answers have given you approaches to estimating the overall rate constant as a function of temperature, which in turn requires you get an estimate of the prefactor, $A$. Knowing rate as a function of temperature is of course useful.
However (and I write my answer not just for you, but for others who might be searching for this topic), your ...
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Using this website, input the activation energy and temperature and it gives half life. A reasonable half-life is up to the user, but more than 1 day is going to be super slow. Usually assume the transmission coefficient is less than 1 (e.g. 0.5).
For example, an upper bound at room temperature is usually less than 25 kcal/mol $\approx$ 105 kJ/mol. With a ...
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I think Bard's is more general than Newman's, Newman's assumes Cx=Cx* where Bard does not. Bard says the current is proportional to the forward rate, and if there are metal ions near the electrode, the forward reaction removes electrons from the electrode to reduce the ions. That means the current flows into the electrode. Bard then says the applied ...
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