Questions tagged [vapor-pressure]
This is the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solid or liquid) at a given temperature in a closed system. Apply this tag to questions involving clarification related to vapor pressure.
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Is saturated vapor pressure equals to saturated vapor partial pressure?
I got confused for this two things, the first pressure is the pure water vapor in a certain temperture, and the second vapor partial pressure is the water vapor existed along with other gases, so my ...
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Does aqueous ammonium fluoride solution release hydrogen fluoride vapors?
Can $\ce{HF}$ vapors be released from $\ce{NH4F}$ solution in water $(w(\ce{NH4F}) = 40\,\%)$ at room temperature?
I assume that dissolving $\ce{NH4F}$ in water produces small amount of $\ce{HF}.$
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Enthalpy of vaporization meaning
I already know that ΔH in a vaporization is the energy needed to bring water(l) to water(g) (constant P)
but...
from 1st law:
$$dU = dQ - dW$$ (I know I can't write dQ and dW like that but you ...
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2answers
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What affects the vapor pressure of a pure liquid? [closed]
So pretend we have two samples of pure benezene in equilibrium with its vapor. One sample containing 0.5 mol and one containing 1 mol. They're also both at the same temperature. Let's pretend they're ...
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Phase rule for a pure substance in vapor-liquid region
I'm confused with how the Gibbs Phase Rule works for pure substances in liquid-vapor mixtures. According to the phase rule, there should only be one degree of freedom for a two-phase mixture with a ...
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1answer
50 views
XSteam IF97 tables (MS Excel version) lack of inputs [closed]
I am using XSteam IF97 to evaluate steam power plant cycles.
However, I miss some important input options such as pressure as a function of entropy and temperature ("p_st()") - when I assume ...
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1answer
320 views
Why exactly does high pressure (72 bar) nitrous oxide's pseudocritical¹ temperature drop so far when oxygen is added to make 50%v/v mixture? (Entonox)
This answer to Can precipitation occur in states of matter other than liquids? mentions the unusual case of Entonox.
The effects of temperature on nitrous oxide and oxygen mixture homogeneity and ...
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Working out energies of hydrogen bonds by comparing chemical potential of vapour and condensed phase - equation derivation
I want to ask a question about working out the energy of a hydrogen bond between two water molecules, $w_{AA}$ using the chemical potentials of vapour and condensed phases.
I was reading K. Dill, ...
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1answer
27 views
opening valve separating two volatile solutions [closed]
Let there be two containers A and B containing two volatile solutions (ideal) of pure liquids P and Q respectively. The containers are connected by a tube such that only vapours can travel through ...
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Why is water transferred from a beaker of pure water to a beaker of sugar solution when placed in the a closed container?
I know that there is something to do with the vapour pressure of pure water being higher than the vapour pressure of the sugar solution, but I still can’t really explain what happens on a molecular ...
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Why does Vapor Pressure decrease on addition of solute? [duplicate]
Consider a vessel with a volatile liquid in it. Let's say it has a vapor pressure $P^0$ when it is pure.
Now a non-volatile solute is added to it. Its vapor pressure decreases as $P^0\chi_{solvent}$.
...
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When is Raoult's Law valid for solid-liquid solution?
Raoult's Law for solid-liquid solution is stated as such in my books that it is applicable for all non-volatile solutes.
However different solutes must have different attractive or repulsive forces ...
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How do i experimentally determine the vapour pressure of a solution? [closed]
So i wanna dissolve different salts in water and measure the vapour pressure of the resulting solution. I am doing this to compare the freezing point depression of different cations, used with the ...
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1answer
185 views
Why is the temperature graph sigmoidal in simple distillation of components with very different bps?
I'm writing an organic chemistry lab report on distillation and I thought I understood this, but the more I look at my lab textbook, I realize I don't. My textbook 1 explains that the temperature of ...
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Why is vapor pressure constant at boiling point?
At non-boiling point, I understand that when you add heat, temperature increases and also the amount of gas increases, so by using $PV=nRT$ at constant volume, the increase in $n$ and $T$ would ...
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564 views
Detailed kinetic explanation for vapor pressure reduction by dissolved solute?
The following problem was asked in JEE Mains 2020 (Sept 2, Shift 1),
An open beaker of water in equilibrium with water vapor is in a sealed container. When a few grams of glucose are added to the ...
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Calculating the number of volatile molecules in a container of known volume [closed]
Is it possible to calculate the number of volatile molecules (so only those in the gaseous phase) in a container of known volume, if the vapor pressure of the compound is known? So for example, if you ...
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1answer
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Vapors of Aqueous solutions
I'm dealing with a common photoresist developer TMAH (tetramethylammonium hydroxide) and attempting to design a vapor sensor for a sealed chamber. Now I havent been able to confirm what exactly is ...
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The minima of minimum boiling azeotropes
This is a very basic doubt, so I'll be really brief about it. The discussion I raise is particularly about minimum boiling azeotropes but it's understood that whatever I ask is about the general ...
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1answer
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Vapour pressure and Raoult's Law
The following question from my textbook assignment reads
A mixture contains $1$ mole volatile liquid $A$ ($P_\mathrm A^\circ = \pu{100 mmHg}$) and $3$ moles of volatile liquid $B$ ($P_\mathrm B^\circ ...
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1answer
194 views
At what composition is Maximum deviation from Raoult's law observed?
Raoult's law states that in an ideal binary solution of two volatile components, the partial vapour pressure of each component is proportional to its mole fraction in the solution.
A plot of total ...
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Vapour Pressure of solutions and mol fractions
From a solution (ideal) which contains the components A and B ,the vapours over the solution at a temperature T are collected and condensed into liquid and again brought to the same temperature T.
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What limits supersaturation in the absence of nucleation sites? [closed]
Imagine a scenario where we have a chamber with air that is supersaturated with water vapour. In this ideal scenario there are no nucleation sites (e.g no suspended particles or nucleation on the ...
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1answer
85 views
Latent Heat, Vapor pressure and Equilibrium [duplicate]
So after reading about this topic i wanted to share what i learned and i wanted you guys to tell me if what i am writting is correct:
A pressure vessel has propane inside and it is pressurized. The ...
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1answer
35 views
Relative humidity at constant temperatures [closed]
It’s known that Relative humidity = (water pressure in a certain volume/ saturated water pressure in the same volume)* 100% “at the same temperature”
So my question is why does the amount of water ...
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Measuring vapour pressure in a closed system
My experiment requires the determination of vapour pressure from which I will calculate the number density (or number of moles of the molecule) later, for a closed system.
Here's my setup :
Liquid ...
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2answers
49 views
Shouldn't the pressure of gas above a liquid slightly decrease when some of its molecules dissolves in the liquid? [closed]
Lets say a liquid and gas above are in equilibrium.
(1) Now if I suddenly increase the pressure of the gas it will take some time for some molecules of the gas to enter the liquid and get dissolved. ...
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1answer
66 views
Cross checking the fact that gas solubility decreases with temperature increase and Henry's law's validity
It is known that the solubility of gas decreases with increase in temperature which is due to the kinetic energy freeing the solute particles into the vapor phase. Henry's law states that the partial ...
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1answer
268 views
Vapor Pressure and Boiling Point [duplicate]
I heard that the boiling point of a solution is the temperature where its vapor pressure at that temperature equals the atmospheric pressure at that temperature. Thus at higher altitudes, as the ...
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1answer
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Doubt about definition of boiling point [duplicate]
The definition of boiling point says boiling point is the temperature at which the vapour pressure of liquid becomes equal to vapour pressure of atmosphere. But how does the vapour pressure of the ...
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1answer
665 views
How is Raoult's law a special case of Henry's law and not vice versa?
I know that Raoult's law can be a special case of Henry's law when the value of the Henry's constant becomes equal to the vapour pressure of the pure state of the liquid. Why can't we say the opposite,...
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How much time liquid mercury takes to evaporate?
I asked before about a thermometer that I broke yesterday. To summarize, I broke a mercury thermometer in my bedroom, which is a place where is difficult to have sure that I get rid of all mercury, ...
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Vapour pressure of a liquid subjected to pressure
I am following the derivation by Atkins in section 4B(c) (Physical transformations of pure substances; thermodynamic aspects of phase transitions), in which the authors derive the equation ${p = p_* * ...
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Algae Cultivation Using Polyethylene Film Reactor Vessel Floating In Pool with Algicidal ClO2 Concentration
I'm attempting to grow chlorella algae in a polyethylene film bag (which contains the growth medium) submerged in a temperature-moderating, above-ground swimming pool. This presents a challenge in ...
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1answer
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Does evaporation occur while boiling as well? [closed]
If evaporation were to occur when a liquid was being boiled, then the amount of liquid changing phase would also depend on the surface area of the liquid exposed to the atmosphere (as evaporation rate ...
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2answers
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What is the vapor pressure of a liquid if it is not in a sealed container(i.e., a river or lake)? Is it just the atmospheric pressure? [closed]
From what I understand, the boiling point of a liquid is when its surrounding pressure is equal to its vapor pressure. The vapor pressure is the pressure of the gas form of the liquid in a container ...
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1answer
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Reducing pressure in a binary liquid solution
Consider the following diagram for a binary liquid system comprised of A and B, where A is the more volatile component.
My professor says
Consider an isopleth from $a$ to $a_4$. At the start, the ...
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1answer
85 views
Vapour Pressure of A Solution
I study in class 12, and have a doubt in vapour pressure that my school teacher and my friends are not able to clarify.
My doubt is the reason why the partial vapour pressure of each individual ...
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How to compute the pressure potential of the fermentation of sugar into carbon dioxide?
I'm doing an experiment to ferment table sugar with yeast to capture the resulting carbon dioxide. Suppose I put $x$ grams of sugar in a closed 1 liter bottle with yeast. How can I compute the ...
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How to find relative lowering of vapour pressure from phase diagrams in terms of temperature?
Problem
Answer
My question
Does a tie rule exist for solution solvent phase diagram to express relative lowering of vapour pressure in terms of temperature?
The phase diagram is the one ...
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Antoine law and ideal gas law
I have the following question:
A $100\ \mathrm{ml}$ sealed flask with $60\ \mathrm{ml}$ acetonitrile is heated to $140\ \mathrm{^\circ C}$. The boiling point of acetonitrile is $82\ \mathrm{^\circ ...
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can a vapour denser than air evaporate in a closed chamber? [closed]
Imagine a closed container filled with air.
There is some liquid substance on a bottle placed on the floor of the container.
Let's heat the liquid until it starts to evaporate. Let's say 20% of the ...
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2answers
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How do you manage to liquefy a gas by applying only pressure? [closed]
How can you liquefy a gas by applying only pressure? To increase the pressure of a gas you need a compressor, and when the compressor does work on the gas , it will increase his pressure but at the ...
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2answers
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What happens with the boiling point of a liquid in a vacuum [closed]
This may be a silly question, but when I was reading my chemistry textbook, there was this following statement:
"A liquid boils when its vapor pressure equals the external pressure acting on the ...
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1answer
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Is this example considered liquifying a gas under pressure?
In my work place, we have a drum that has propene inside at a pressure of around 2,5 bar and at a temperature of around -15ºc and the boil-off of that drum is aspirate by a compressor and is ...
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Is the evaporation (liquid to gas conversion) of ethanol dependent on how full you fill it up in a sealed bottle?
It seems intuitive to think that in a bottle (which is air-tight), if you fill up ethanol (or any other volatile liquid) to very full extent, thereby leaving very little headspace, the amount of ...
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451 views
Is it possible to find the volume of condensed water by temperature change without knowing the initial pressure of the flask?
I found this problem in a practice sheet. The original source doesn't indicate any authorship or whatsoever.
It states the following:
A sealed container of $\pu{6.24 L}$ in capacity has humid air ...
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1answer
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Why is so different the temperatures of a compressed gas compared to a liquid/gas mixture of the same fluid and they are both at the same pressure?
Why does $\ce{C3H6}$ gas when compressed (in a centrifugal compressor) comes out with a pressure of $\pu{16 bar}$ and $\pu{90 °C},$ and when it is a mixture of $\ce{C3H6}$ liquid/gas stored inside of ...
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60 views
Is there any non-toxic and non-solvable-in-air liquid? [closed]
I want to heat the air with non-aqueous, non-toxic and non-solvable-in-air liquid (with very low relative pressure in air). Is there any such liquid exists?
It would be great if the boiling point of ...
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2answers
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Why is latent heat of vaporization not exactly proportional to boiling point?
Latent heat of vaporization and boiling point are both chemical properties related to the bond strength of the molecule. In general, the higher the boiling point is, the higher the heat of ...
