Questions tagged [temperature]
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter; may be expressed either in kelvin (symbol K) or in degree Celsius (symbol °C).
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Distillation thermometer position
I am aware that in theory the position of the thermometer needs to be right at the transition point of the vapor into the condenser. In practice,I don´t reach the exact boiling temp. at this height ...
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How is it possible that Charles' Law based on the absolute temperature in 1787 when the Kelvin or absolute scale wasn't defined until 1848?
Charles' Law states: When the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is held constant, the Kelvin temperature and the volume will be in direct proportion....... (Source: Wikipedia)
Also from Wikipedia: The ...
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Why is the standard enthalpy of formation temperature-dependent in JANAF tables?
I'm unsure why $\Delta_\mathrm{f}H^\circ$ within the NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables [1] is temperature-dependent. Wouldn't the $\Delta_\mathrm{f}H^\circ$ represent the enthalpy of formation at the ...
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Non toxic/hazardous liquid or additive that freezes between 5-15 degrees Celsius
I have a product to help regulate core temperature and I have gone the wrong direction at first. Thought of freezing liquid colder would last longer, but it ends up that you need more Jules to move ...
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Storage of air and temperature sensitive reagents
What's your method for storing air/moisture and temperature sensitive reagents? For example:
A solid. Should I just blow some argon, screw the lid, put parafilm and put it in the fridge? Can a ...
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How exactly does the Nernst equation account for temperature? [duplicate]
I am doing an experiment that involves changing the temperature of the electrolytes in a voltaic cell and seeing the effect on the initial voltage produced. I'm a bit confused because if I use the ...
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Is the liquid in this question water? How can one know for sure? [closed]
I have been studying and there is a question in my book asking:
A faulty thermometer reads freezing and boiling point of a liquid as -5°C and 95°C respectively on the Celsius scale. What is the ...
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Temperature and electrolysis
Based on my understanding, metals conduct electricity better at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures as the resistance to electron flow is lower.
Then, what about ionic compounds? Do they ...
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Is vibronically resolved spontaneous emission temperature dependent, following a distribution defined by the canonical density operator?
Does the lifetime of a molecular excited electronic state, for example the $S_1$ state, suffice for thermal equilibration before spontaneous emission occurs?
For example the fluorescence of coumarine, ...
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At what temperature is bismuth the densest?
Both water and bismuth have denser liquids compared to solid forms, and we know water is the densest at the temperature of about 4°C.
Does the same thing apply to bismuth? Of course, I know the ...
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Highest possible temperature [duplicate]
I know the lowest possible temperature in nature is 0 K although we have been able to only getting ever closer and closer to it but not at 0 K.
But on the opposite spectrum of temperature, what is the ...
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Total bond dissociation temperature [closed]
I understand that covalent bonds break at a dissociation energy $D_0$ that is a function of the particular bond. And it looks like an upper bound on $D_0$ is known for possible covalent bonds.
It's ...
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According to PV=nRT,if we increase temp,no of moles will decrease,but no of moles is dependent on mass,mass is constant,then how can moles change?
We know the ideal gas equation is PV=nRT,then, according to this,if we keep Pressure,volume to be constant,then on increasing temperature,no of moles will reduce,this would mean that mass of matter or ...
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At what temperature is ammonia liquid at 1.5 bars? [closed]
I would like to know at what temperature ammonia condenses from gaseous form into a liquid, at a pressure of 1.5 bars. I know that at normal 1 bar pressure, ammonia is a liquid between -78 and -33 ...
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Can anyone help me with the derivation for the formula of entropy?
I have this formula in the chapter of thermodynamics:
$$\Delta S = n C_v \ln\left(\frac{T_2}{T_1}\right) + n R \ln\left(\frac{V_2}{V_1}\right),$$
where $\Delta S$ is entropy, $n$ moles, $C_v$ molar ...
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What happens to the air pressure above water as its heated to and past boiling?
If I put a pressure sensor inside an airtight container half-filled with water, and heat the water, what will the pressure sensor read as the temperature increases? Would it linearly increase (black ...
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When does Van't Hoff's reaction rate rule not work?
I have a problem answering a question in my lab report.
The question is about the empirical van't Hoff's rule - what does it say and what are its limitations?
I managed to find online that the ...
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Is it easier to produce hydrodynamic cavitation in a liquid close to boiling point?
Cavitation is defined as the process of formation of the vapor phase of a liquid when it is subjected to reduced pressures at constant ambient temperature. Thus, it is the process of boiling in a ...
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Thermochemical parameters at high temperature
I wanted to calculate Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs Free energy, Enthalpy change and Entropy change using Curtis et al explained as this link: https://gaussian.com/wp-content/uploads/dl/...
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Why aren't the units for temperature related to kinetic energy, if temperature is defined as average kinetic energy?
Temperature, as far as I know, is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. For instance, if a bar of pure gold is sitting at room temperature ($273.15 \text{ K}$), then ...
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Is there any chemical that can react with two different chemicals to generate heat or cold? [closed]
For example. There are three chemicals. Chemical A,B,C
Chemical B react with Chemical A = heat
Chemical B react with Chemical C = cold
Is there any chemical available like this? And is it safe to ...
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How it was decided that the freezing point of water in the Kelvin scale of temperature should be 273.15 K? [closed]
While discussing about the different temperature scales, our teacher told us about the freezing point and boiling point of water in different scales. I asked my teacher that how these numbers were ...
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What is the entropy change in isochoric process
I have studied that entropy increases with increase in temperature and it decreases with increase in pressure but in case of isochoric process both are happening at the same time but still the overall ...
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I tested the effect of temperature on the pH of carbonated water but the results seem to go opposite to what was expected. Could anyone explain?
We carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the acid carbonate equilibrium in carbonated water. We tested 5 different temperatures (room temp, 2 above and 2 below) by ...
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If liquids absorb heat from their surroundings to become gas, why does gas feel hotter than liquid?
I know what you're thinking, "OP, are you for real!? Gas is obviously hotter because it absorbed heat from the environment!"
But hear me out. Yes it is hotter in absolute terms because it ...
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Why does temperature remain constant during phase changes?
In a phase change the temperature remains constant but I can't understand why. The answers I have read state that during phase changes energy is only used to break bonds between molecules rather than ...
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In a liquid-in-glass thermometer, how does the gas pressure over the liquid affect the linearity of measurement?
In a common ethanol thermometer, the space above the alcohol column is filled with nitrogen. It also contains varying amounts of the alcohol in the gas phase.
Source: http://www.aashtoresource.org/...
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What happened after fire finished burning? [closed]
After fire finished burning, did it merge with the atmosphere and becoming water vapors, oxygen and nitrogen, or did it simply disappear into nothing?
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Can we calculate final temperature of two gases in thermal contact? [closed]
This is a question from IIT-JEE - ADVANCE 2018
A closed tank has two compartments A and B, both filled with oxygen (assumed to be ideal gas). The partition separating the two compartments is fixed ...
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Pressure and temperature relation of Novec 1230
I am working on a concept turbine for a school project which operates at low temperature so it's necessary for me to have a pressure temperature relation of this chemical or novec 7100 also is okay.. ...
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How do I calculate the temperature change in a gaseous reaction?
So, with $\pu{3 mol}$ of $\ce{H2}$ and $\pu{3 mol}$ of $\ce{Cl2}$ and given the reaction $\ce{H2(g) + Cl2(g) -> 2 HCl(g)}$ with $\Delta H=\pu{-184.6 kJ/mol}$, I am supposed to calculate the work ...
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Water getting hotter once frozen?
I packed a fridge with temperature sensors and took over the temperature control in order to have extra cold beer.
One of those sensors is submerged in the middle of a container containing a 4.5% ...
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Is the relation [K] = [C] + 273.15 exact? [duplicate]
In reading Atkins' Physical Chemistry, the first section of the first Chapter, the author says that the conversion equation between the absolute temperature and celsius is exact and at the same time ...
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What polyatomic substances have the lowest known freezing points at standard pressure?
At standard pressure, helium never freezes, so that's clearly the coldest liquid—but it's also a monatomic substance.
Diatomic hydrogen freezes at 13 K.
Neon freezes at 24 K.
And then the next coldest ...
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What does the heat capacity really represent? [closed]
According to Wikipedia, heat capacity or thermal capacity is a physical property of matter, defined as the amount of heat to be supplied to an object to produce a unit change in its temperature:$$C = \...
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Stratification of gasses by mass [closed]
Suppose a homogenous mixture of mutually non-reactive gases is isolated in a container so that there are no external kinetic forces (vibration or rotation) that create turbulence or other mixing ...
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If I heat a solution to bring a solute in solution, will it precipitate when it goes back to room temperature?
Suppose I'd like to bring a solute into solution at a concentration above its solubility at $\pu{25 ^\circ C}$, so I heat the solution and achieve a concentration above the $\pu{25 ^\circ C}$ ...
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How does the temperature of HCl affect the reaction rate of HCl & Mg reaction?
I'm Olivia. I'm experimenting with HCl and Mg. My purpose is to find the change of the reaction rate while I increase the temperature of HCi.
According to the study, when I increase the temperature of ...
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What would happen to the cell potential if two half cells of a galvanic cell were at different temperatures?
I'm doing an experiment where I'm investigating the effect of temperature of the galvanic cell on the cell potential. But during the experiment, I noticed that the two half cells were at different ...
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How do I calculate the maximum temperature of an exothermic NaOH reaction in water?
As the title suggests, let's say I want to make a 1 L 14M NaOH solution. For this I'd need:
(14 mol/ L) x 1 L x (39.99 g / mol ) = 559.86 g NaOH(s) {solute}
~1 L H2O (approx) {solvent}
The ...
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Why does temperature increase rate of electrolysis even though resistivity of electrodes increase?
My experiment is just the electrolysis of iron rust at different temperatures. It consists of a rusted iron cathode and an iron anode in a salt water solution. From my data, there is an approximately ...
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Method of cooling a gas without liquid evaporation for Sci-fi novel
sorry for the amateur question here.
I know little about science, but regardless am writing a fictional amateur novel that deals with a lot of chemistry stuff, especially gasses.
My protagonist needs ...
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Preventing water from freezing (-20 °C) in a vinyl container [closed]
What is a safe anti-freezing liquid to use to dilute water, to prevent it from freezing at -20°C, without damaging the vinyl container it's stored in?
This container is a heavy bag, for punching. So ...
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How does part of frozen liquid ( like soup) boil and still be frozen at same time if temperature stays same while melting?
I was reading the following basic question about temperature change during phase change (During phase change in matter, why doesn't the temperature change?), and the answers provided clearly ...
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Which temperature is more precise - Fahrenheit or Celsius? [closed]
The Celsius scale has 100 degrees between BP and FP of water; there are 180 Fahrenheit degrees between the same points. Doesn't that make Fahrenheit a more precise scale? If so, then why is it always ...
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Ideal Gas Equation Extreme Case [closed]
I have recently learned about the Ideal Gas Equation and I have this doubt.....suppose I am in a closed container filled with a gas of fixed volume and definite amount of moles. I am assuming myself ...
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Rate of Decomposition of Sodium Thiosulphate
I want to calculate the activation energy of the decomposition of sodium thiosulphate, as a part of my school research project. I am aware that I must use the Arrhenius equation where the rate of ...
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Intesive Properties - Temperature [closed]
Why is the temperature of a sample of matter intensive?
I don't think it would be extensive, but I also don't see why it would be intensive, either.
It's a very basic and easy question, but I can't ...
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Metal oxide formation minimum temperature?
Is there such thing as minimum temperature for creation of metal oxide?
Let's say a highly reactive metal, lithium, comes into contact with solid oxygen at a cryogenic temperature of 20 Kelvin, would ...
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Using cooling to temporarily lock in deformation in plastics?
I need to shrink PEEK or solid polyimide tube, $\pu{1mm}$ wall thickness and $\pu{15mm}$ OD over another fragile component. Is it possible to stretch the tube over a mandrel, lock in the deformation ...
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