Questions tagged [solvents]
A liquid, solid, or gas that dissolves another solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution that is soluble in a certain volume of solvent at a specified temperature.
407
questions
4
votes
0
answers
46
views
Speed of unmixing between polar and nonpolar solvent
I have put water and silicone oil (viscosity 100 cSt) together into a jar. Then I colored the water blue to make identifying the interfaces easier. When I shake it heavily, a kind of silicone+water &...
- 301
2
votes
0
answers
88
views
How to dissolve paraformaldehyde in solvent without using water?
In the chloromethylation reaction of polysulfone (PSU), I am required to use paraformaldehyde and trimethylchlorosilane as the chloromethylating agent while stannic chloride as the catalyst. I ...
- 21
-2
votes
1
answer
67
views
Williamson Ether synthesis use of particular solvent [closed]
In Williamson ether synthesis conjugate acid of corresponding alkoxide ion is taken as solvent instead of any other alcohol. Why it is like that?
0
votes
1
answer
44
views
Safety of an organic solvent in a sealed pressure pot or vacuum chamber
I am trying to experiment and find ways I can reuse various types of thermoplastics at home for hobby use and have investigated various solubilities of them in solvents (room temp or otherwise) to ...
-2
votes
2
answers
37
views
Explanation for Raoults Law
The vapour pressure of pure liquids is independent of quantity of substance.
But when in a solution, the vapour pressure of the components are given by
$$P_A=P^°_AX_A$$$$P_B=P^°_BX_B$$
Since $A-A$, $A-...
- 1
-1
votes
1
answer
97
views
Why is there difference in reactions in alcoholic and aqueous medium while both are polar protic solvents?
We use an alcoholic medium for reactions in which we want to prevent the characteristics of the anionic species and an aqueous medium for the reactions in which we want to control the activity of the ...
- 89
5
votes
1
answer
412
views
Effective pH range in water. What is the definition
https://openchemistryhelp.blogspot.com/2013/02/solvent-levelling.html
I learned the concept of solvent theory and solvent leveling of acid and base,but couldn't understand what the graph below says
I ...
- 677
5
votes
1
answer
216
views
How to effectively replace DMSO with LC–MS-compatible solvent for the samples from a well plate?
I want to do LC–MS analysis of the samples from a 384-well plate where each compound (at around 1–10 μM) is dissolved in 10–15 μL of DMSO. I am worried about the DMSO dwarfing the analyte’s signal, as ...
- 441
2
votes
1
answer
41
views
Removing 9-Aminoacridine from tissue?
There's this compound 9-Aminoacridine, that I need removed from the tissue slides it was applied to. Thing is everytime I use ethanol, Acetone, water, methanol, all the usual solvents; our pathologist ...
- 21
1
vote
2
answers
110
views
Organic solvents distillation for purification
I've realised that the majority of the solvent that we use in my lab are contaminated with grease (peaks at 1.26 and 0.86 ppm in $^1H$ NMR in $CDCl_3$), since they come in plastic containers (I guess ...
- 330
-2
votes
2
answers
322
views
How much can we extend the Finkelstein reaction?
Finkelstein reaction explicitly entails the conversion of an alkyl chloride or alkyl bromide to alkyl iodide by treatment with sodium iodide in acetone.
$$\ce{R−X + NaI→[acetone] R−I + NaX↓ }\\
\ce{(X$...
- 89
0
votes
0
answers
39
views
Zinc organic-water solvent extraction (Hydrometallurgy)
Consider a biphasical system consisting of an aqueous phase and an organic phase.
Consider the following equation:
$\ce{Zn^2+(aq) + 2HR(org) <=> ZnR2(org) + 2H+(aq)}$
Let [ $Zn^{+2}$ ]$^{0}$$(...
0
votes
2
answers
830
views
Relative polarity - definition and meaning
I am struggling with understanding the parameter called "Relative Polarity" (RP). I know it is supposed to be an arbitrary scale, but I fail to grasp what the values represent. I understand ...
- 17
2
votes
1
answer
440
views
evaporating DMSO/Ethanol
I'm preparing to do a thiolclick reaction and to get a homogenous phase I found it's best to use DMSO/ethanol as solvent for the -ene and thiol reagents. I need the ethanol specifically for hole-...
- 29
3
votes
0
answers
61
views
What could be the origin of a persisting distorted water NMR signal?
I am currently running some solvent suppression experiment on water samples. I first run a one scan 1H experiment to get the ''O1P'' and then implement it in the solvent suppression experiment (''...
- 31
2
votes
0
answers
121
views
How to choose the solvent gradient for the flash column chromatography of a complex mixture?
When performing a flash column chromatography, it is advised to select an eluent in which the desired compound has an $R_\mathrm{F}$ of about $0.25$ in TLC.
However, if I want to separate and isolate ...
- 330
2
votes
1
answer
91
views
How long can a silicone and white spirit solution be stored without hardening?
I’ve heard that some people use a mixture of silicone and white spirit to waterproof their gear.
How long this solution can be stored without hardening if it is stored in a closed hermetic bottle?
If ...
- 449
0
votes
1
answer
349
views
Mixing Boric Acid, Sodium Borate and alcohol
This is for a liquid detergent that I am developing - when I dissolve boric acid (doesn't fully dissolve though) and then mix it with dissolved sodium borate( also doesn't fully dissolve in water), ...
- 1
3
votes
3
answers
1k
views
Can I separate paint thinner into acetone and toluene by simply boiling it?
I have a paint thinner that contains 60% toluene and 40% acetone. I would like to obtain some more-or-less pure toluene. Considering the big difference in boiling points (110°C toluene vs 56°C acetone)...
- 149
0
votes
1
answer
51
views
Any way to predict what quantities of heptane and chloroform will match the density of water?
I am trying to make a solution of heptane and chloroform that matches the density of water.
Is this something which must be done experimentally as it is generally unpredictable? Does a software exist ...
- 11
0
votes
1
answer
35
views
Dependence of the permittivity on solvent mixing ratio
I am doing DFT calculations on an organometalloid compound to assess whether it dissociates into an ion pair in different solvents. I suppose that the more polar the solvent is the more stable this ...
- 133
1
vote
0
answers
45
views
General safety of aromatic vs. aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents
I am not a chemist and I could use some help from those who know. I am wondering about some properties of hydrocarbon solvents that are commonly used for degreasing in other fields. It seems many of ...
- 11
1
vote
0
answers
49
views
Air/Acetonitrile Interfaces
Say I drop some acetonitrile on a grounded surface and it forms a meniscus. The acetonitrile is in air. Lets forget about evaporation for the moment.
Will there be an interfacial dipole formed by the ...
- 590
1
vote
0
answers
43
views
What is the highest volume change for common miscible liquid pairs, and common solvent/solid pairs? [closed]
When a solute is added to a solvent, the total volume of the solution is lower than that of the solute+solvent. A good example of this is the addition of salt to water, causing an overall volume ...
- 127
-4
votes
1
answer
128
views
Are there smart materials that dissolve in cold water faster? [closed]
I know things dissolve quicker in hotter solvents but I was wondering if there existed an exception to the rule. If not water, then what about other solvents and/or non-solid solutes?
- 663
2
votes
0
answers
98
views
What will remove this screen printed logo without destroying the polycarbonate safety sunglasses lens?
I bought some safety sunglasses and didn't notice until I'd taken the tags off that there's an annoying logo painted or printed right in my field of view. (You can feel with your fingertips or ...
- 129
1
vote
0
answers
104
views
Gibbs Free Energy for solvation using Gaussian09
I am trying to compute the $\Delta G$ for the solvation of a molecule using the continuum dielectric model in Gaussian09. Following the recomendation in the manual of the software, I am using the SMD (...
- 477
1
vote
1
answer
72
views
Hydroboration–oxidation reaction without THF
The first step of hydroboration–oxidation usually involves $\ce{BH3}$ accompanied by THF. Is it possible for hydroboration to occur without the presence of THF? Borane is incredibly reactive. Wouldn't ...
- 19
4
votes
0
answers
85
views
Notation for spectral density in experimental community
In an open quantum system setup where the system is coupled to infinite harmonic oscillators as bath (as in the Caldeira leggett model, for example), through the Hamiltonian,
$$H = \frac{\hat{p}^2}{2m}...
- 91
0
votes
0
answers
41
views
Whats a good solvent to analyze amygdalin in FTIR?
What solvents would be good to analyze amygdalin using FTIR spectroscopy? Will carbon tetrachloride react with the amygdalin if used as a solvent?
- 1
0
votes
0
answers
164
views
Correlations between the pK values of acids or based in polar and non-polar solvents
I try to predict pKa values of acids (in water), computing their energy of deprotonation with quantum chemistry; and I found that the slope of the linear correlation "pK vs Energy" is more ...
- 111
4
votes
1
answer
71
views
Is it possible to have an anhydrous solvent for virology, specifically in vitro phage assembly?
Typical protocols for lambda phage in vitro assembly call for you to dump all your viral components and buffer solutions into water. Water is a great solvent, drives extraction of energy from atp, and ...
1
vote
0
answers
95
views
Is there really no solvent (or any other really) glue for polyethylene terephthalate?
PVC can be glued well with solvent cement wherein it melts somewhat and then sticks together really well as if it was welded, which is really convenient. But I can't find anything similar online for ...
- 111
1
vote
0
answers
179
views
How long does acetone stay in ABS?
I know a larger part of this question is "it depends", since scales matter here. Let's bound ourselves to desktop 3D-printed objects, which will typically be no more than a few cm thick.
...
- 123
1
vote
1
answer
111
views
Does acrylic resin in acetone react with the same acrylic resin in ethyl acetate?
I am not at all familiar with organic chemistry. I am working in museum conservation where an acrylic resin (such as Paraloid B-72) is mixed acetone and sometimes ethyl acetate to produce a resin for ...
- 29
5
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Suitable solvents to dissolve Aluminum Chloride (anhydrous) without generating Hydrochloric Acid (aqueous or gas)
Hypothetically, I have a chemical tank that was brought out of service and the solid deposits at the bottom of the tank primarily contain aluminum chloride. The whole system never sees water, and the ...
- 51
-1
votes
2
answers
508
views
How long can dimethyl sulfoxide be safely stored in a HDPE "barrier bottle"?
How long can dimethyl sulfoxide be contained in a HDPE barrier bottle without any reaction between the plastic and the solvent? I have read that DMSO is not reactive with HDPE, but I would like to ...
- 99
0
votes
1
answer
76
views
How can I choose the right solvent to remove pigment from cotton
I’m trying to figure out how I might be able to dissolve a pigment without destroying the substrate(cotton, very thin). I don’t know the exact pigment, so it’s a guessing game. It is violet, I suspect ...
- 11
6
votes
0
answers
150
views
Are all humectants sticky?
While using a topical lotion based on ethanol, water and propylene glycol, I noticed that it becomes sticky while drying. Propylene glycol is a humectant and is used for this purpose in ...
- 495
1
vote
1
answer
141
views
Is vapour pressure truly a colligative property?
Colligative properties are generally defined as
A colligative property depends only on the ratio of the number of particles of solute and solvent in the solution, not the identity of the solute.
...
- 125
0
votes
1
answer
80
views
Does a solvent with the following properties exist? [closed]
I am looking for a solvent with these properties:
It's aprotic.
At 1 atm, it has a liquid range of at least 0 to 50 degrees Celsius.
Water can dissolve in it, with a solubility of at least 10g/100g.
...
0
votes
0
answers
58
views
What is the best way to get a small amount of chemical from a 4L bottle?
I have 4L of multiple chemicals but often only need to work with a few mL at a time. What is the best way to go about this procedure without wasting much of my chemicals?
Pipetting out of the large 4L ...
- 29
2
votes
0
answers
38
views
At constant solvent activity, do solution properties depend on identity of the solute?
When a substance is dissolved or mixed with water in high concentrations, the activity of water drops from 1 to a value that depends on the substance and its concentration. Is it correct to say that ...
- 141
3
votes
0
answers
92
views
Why does column chromatography not work like it's supposed to?
I'm a few months into working in an organic synthesis lab and I consider myself to have a solid intuition for, well, how chemistry works. I have ran at least 50 columns at this point but no matter ...
- 31
3
votes
0
answers
204
views
Use of boron(III) oxide for drying acetone
Acetone undergoes aldol self-condensation in the presence of acids or bases:
which makes drying agents such as 3A/4A molecular sieves, barium oxide, potassium hydroxide and carbonate (basic), copper(...
- 37.4k
1
vote
1
answer
64
views
Decomposable solvent identification in GC-FID
How can a gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) be used to identify a liquid solvent that decomposes at its boiling point like DMSO? In a solution with other higher boiling ...
- 127
2
votes
0
answers
384
views
Why don't secondary alcohols react with HBr/HI via SN2?
In polar protic solvents, $\ce{Br-}$ and $\ce{I-}$ are considered to be very good nucleophiles. Now, here the solvent is alcohol which is polar protic. So, why don't secondary alcohols react with $\ce{...
user121185
7
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Why is NMP developing a yellow color after distillation?
I got an aqueous mother liquor of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) from some reaction I was running and when I redistilled it under vacuum, it came out colorless but turned yellow the next day. I am ...
- 127
1
vote
1
answer
714
views
Is there an acid (or other solvent) that dissolves nickel but not brass?
Preferrably one that is common or easy to make using common chemicals.
My application is to remove nickel plating from brass parts. Right now the best solution I have is to scrape and chip it off, but ...
- 37
4
votes
2
answers
386
views
What solvent dissolves calcium nitrate but not ammonium nitrate?
I am experimenting with a precipitation reaction between ammonium sulfate solution and calcium nitrate. Calcium sulfate precipitates and can be filtered out easily.
I am wondering if there's a way I ...
- 51