Questions tagged [solubility]
For questions related to the solubility of compounds in various solvents, especially in water. Do not confuse with [solutions] or [aqueous-solution].
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How to use Sodium Thiosulfate for fixing dicopper (I) tetraiodomercurate (II) and mercury (II) iodide?
DISCLAIMER
DO NOT TRY TO DEMERCURATE USING DESCRIBED PROCEDURE. CONSULT YOUR EMERGENCY SERVICE.
I found a discrepancy between a government-approved procedure of living quarters demercuration and the ...
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1answer
48 views
Confusion in solubility expressions in Henry's Law
While reading about Henry's law and solubility I frequently come across two relations:
$C = k_{h}P$ (c = concentration of a dissolved gas)
$P = k_{h}x$ (x = solubility/mole_fraction)
What is the ...
3
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1answer
48 views
Are Group 2 metal fluoride salts less soluble in organic solvents than Group 1 fluorides?
It is clear that Group 1 metal fluoride salts DO NOT readily form solutions in organic medium. The amount of solvation that can occur leading to the eventual release of a fluoride ion depends on many ...
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Why is calcium and ammonium perchlorate soluble but not potassium perchlorate?
Why is potassium perchlorate's solubility 0.76 g/100 mL (0 °C) but ammonium perchlorate and calcium perchlorate have 11.56 g/100 mL and 188 g/100mL (20 °C) respectively?
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Solubility of metal Hydroxides in excess Sodium Hydroxide (excess NaOH)
I recently came across a question which asked me to find out which metal hydroxides are soluble in excess $\ce{NaOH}$ solution.
Number of hydroxides which are soluble in excess of $\ce{NaOH}$ among ...
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28 views
Why is magnesium sulfate more soluble in water than that of strontium and calcium sulfates?
Magnesium sulfate is soluble in water. Its solubility is $\pu{26.9 g}/\pu{100 mL}$ at $\pu{0 ^\circ C}$ $(\pu{35.1 g}/\pu{100 mL}$ at $\pu{20 ^\circ C})$.[1]
However, both calcium sulfate $(\pu{0.21 g}...
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Solubility product and precipitation
I was reading about removing temporary hardness using boiling (of magnesium bicarbonate) when I came across this sentence:
It is because of high solubility product of Magnesium hydroxide as compared ...
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44 views
Does glycerin dissolve in fat?
İ couldn't find much info on internet about solubility of glycerol in triglycerides. I suppose it is non soluble because glycerin is polar but fats aren't. But fats have glycerin side in them too, so ...
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101 views
How to verify that ethanol is infinitely soluble in water?
My textbook [Chemistry Live, Declan Kennedy] states that ''Ethanol is said to be infinitely soluble in water''. It then says ''verify this for yourself by mixing some ethanol with water in a test tube'...
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114 views
How does addition of AgCl affect concentration of iodide in KI solution?
In a mixture of $\ce{AgCl(s)}$ and initial $\pu{0.10 M}$ $\ce{KI}$, what is the $[\ce{I-}]$ after the reaction proceeds?
Disclaimer: This is not a graded assignment, but rather a problem I'm trying to ...
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Milliliters of NaBr when changing molarity
I was very confused by this problem. I was able to get the molarity, but I wasn’t certain how to go from there:
If $\pu{2.60 g}$ of $\ce{NaBr}$ is dissolved in enough water to make $\pu{160.0 mL}$ of ...
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Why is the Ag+ concentration in a beaker fixed in the reaction between excess AgCl (s) and KI (aq) from the start? [duplicate]
This arises as a sub-question for the following question: Calculate the concentration of I- in a solution obtained by mixing 0.10 M KI with an excess of AgCl(s).
I tried to look at How does addition ...
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Calculate the concentration of I− in a solution obtained by shaking 0.10 M KI with an excess of AgCl(s) [duplicate]
My textbook says to solve it in the following way:
1) Ignore the $\pu{0.10 M}$ $\ce{KI}$ since it doesn't matter.
2) Since you have excess $\ce{AgCl(s)}$, you can calculate the $\ce{Ag+}$ ...
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Improving protein solubility in Water solvent (food science)?
I am trying to form a solution involving mixing my protein shakes. I am using a vegetable protein and it has poor solubility. Is their another protein I could use to entrap it to improve solubility? ...
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Why does beryllium have an exceptionally high hydration energy?
You would expect solubility of Group $2$ fluorides to increase down the group, as lattice energy plummets much more sharply than hydration energy does. For the most part, this is true: $\ce{BaF2}$ is ...
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Physical or chemical absorption when SO2 is absorbed by water?
When SO2 is absorbed by water, in for example a scrubber, is this absorption physical (employing Van der Waals forces) or chemical (involving some kind of chemical bonds).
Now, the water is cold, in ...
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The solubility of an ionizable molecule is usually lowest when pH is at/around the pI - are there any exceptions to this rule?
The solubility of an ionizable molecule is usually lowest when pH is at or around the pI - are there any exceptions to this rule? Either where solubility around the pI is at a maximum or the minimum ...
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599 views
Can sugars dissolve in liquid ammonia?
Can monosaccharides and disaccharides dissolve in liquid ammonia due to hydrogen bond formation?
My rationale is that these sugars may be able to form hydrogen bond with ammonia ($\ce{NH3}$).
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2answers
35 views
Which of these would most likely be a strong electrolyte?
An ionic compound
A covalent compound
A polar compound
A nonpolar compound
Previously, I have been taught that polar compounds can be either strong or weak electrolytes. I also learned that ionic ...
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38 views
Why is the shape of sulphates and perchlorates such that lattice enthalpy doesn't decrease down the group? [duplicate]
The solubility of carbonates, bicarbonates and hydroxides of s-block elements increases down the group.
But, the solubility of their sulphates and perchlorates decreases down the group.
The reason for ...
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1answer
284 views
Why don't beryllium and magnesium dissolve in ammonia?
From my textbook:
The [alkali and] alkaline earth metals dissolve in liquid ammonia to give deep blue solutions forming ammoniated ions. $$\text{M}+(x+y)\text{NH}_3 \rightarrow [\text{M}(\text{NH}_3)...
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Possible mechanism by which a methyl glycinate hydrochloride salt in toluene (insoluble) reacts with an acid chloride through the nitrogen atom?
I'm trying to work out a possible mechanism for the reaction of a methyl glycinate hydrochloride salt in toluene (it is insoluble) with an acid chloride, reacting through the N-terminus. As the amine ...
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1answer
79 views
Why are alkali metal compounds like sodium hydride or sodium amide strong bases but weak nucleophiles?
I understand why compounds such as $\ce{NaH}$ or $\ce{NaNH2}$ are weak nucleophiles: as they aren't very soluble in organic solvents, they react only on the clusters' surface. But why are they strong ...
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1answer
80 views
Is it possible to make a solution of zinc oxide in a high school chemistry lab?
As part of my IB Chemistry curriculum, we are required to conduct our own experiment researching our own question. I'm in the preliminary research phase and wanted to conduct an experiment looking at ...
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1answer
3k views
What is the difference between dissolution and absorption?
Let us first look at the definitions from Gold Book:
Absorption:
The process of one material (absorbate) being retained by another (absorbent); this may be the physical solution of a gas, liquid, ...
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1answer
500 views
Dyes that can stain oil and water
Is there such a thing as a dye that can stain both oil and water? In other words, does anyone know of an amphiphilic dye? Maybe a surfactant that is also a pretty shade of blue? Or maybe turn one ...
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1answer
55 views
Can I solubilize lemon essence in water somehow?
I have a water based solution (95% water, the rest are salts) to which I want to add a lemon fragrance. I bought "water based lemon essence", but upon putting a mere drop in about 500 mL, ...
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16 views
Concentration of organic acids in lichens/rock substrates/soil (particularly oxalic and citric acid)
I am trying to design an experiment testing the efficacy of lichen acids to solubilize and mobilize nutrients from minerals in a lunar regolith simulant. My research so far indicates that oxalic acid ...
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What determines solubility (or miscibility) in organic solvents?
I'm actually quite surprised that this isn't really mentioned anywhere on the internet (or I'm just bad at searching)! Solubility in water is known to be directly related by multiple factors, and for ...
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Relative Solubilities of Salts in Acidic Solution [closed]
I stumbled across this problem which I don't understand the answer to:
Which solid is much more soluble in 1 M $\ce{HCl}$ than in $\ce{H2O}$?
(A) $\ce{CaHPO_4}$
(B) $\ce{CaCl_2}$
(C) $\ce{BaBr2}$
(D) $...
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2answers
471 views
Aluminium sulphate solubility as function of the pH
earlier I asked about how to know the aluminium sulfate solubility as function of the ph (see the previous question here). I found this diagram on the page 57 of
Rubin, A. J., & Hayden, P. L. (...
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1answer
76 views
MgO as food supplement - solubility in water
A number of magnesium food / sports supplements contain it as MgO - which is practically unsoluble in water. The recommended quantity is somewhere around .3g / day, so not an insignificant amount.
How ...
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Dielectric constant for gases possessing van der Waals forces [closed]
I've learnt that water can dissolve ionic bonds because it possesses a high dielectric constant.
In the cases of covalent compounds (especially the non-polar covalent compounds), where the molecules ...
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1answer
30 views
solubility and solubility product
I am a high school student and I am a little confused in solubility product.
My confusion is that when we talk of solubility of salts we say that suppose if any salt have solubility $s$ it means that ...
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Why is benzoic acid less soluble in water than acetanilide?
Why should acetanilide be more soluble in water than benzoic acid when benzoic acid has the same number of h-bonding sites and has an ionizable site, allowing it to form ion-dipole forces while ...
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1answer
55 views
Find minimum solubilty of AgCN [closed]
i know it has to be solved by writing an equation between CN- conc and solubilty but i am unable to write a non-linear equation,any help is appreciated
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Why does the solubility of Group II hydroxides increase and the solubility of sulphates decrease down the group?
I know that, solubility of alkaline earth metal hydroxides increases down the group and solubility of alkaline earth metal sulfates decreases down the group.
I wish to understand the reason for these ...
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24 views
Solubility of Aluminium Fluoride in other other fluorine-containing solvents
I encountered a problem which required me to compare the solubility of $\ce{AlF3}$ in various solvents, namely $\ce{HF}$, $\ce{KF}$ & $\ce{KHF2}$ .
Further, this problem neither supplied, nor ...
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How can I solubilize fragrance oil into polyvinyl acetate/clear glue?
I'm a high school student who makes slime for fun, using polyvinyl acetate (PVA) glue and borax as my main ingredients.
Earlier, I had the idea of adding fragrance oils to clear glue. However, because ...
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1answer
53 views
How to read mutual solubility curves?
Came across a few graphs that represent the mutual solubility of two compounds, for eg, solubility of KCl, and NaCl with H2O.
On these particular graphs, I can see Y axis as gms/100ml of KCl, on X ...
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1answer
43 views
EDTA sedimentation problem?
I tried to create a suspension of EDTA powder in Glycerin with 1:1 ratio. I keep facing problem of EDTA sedimentation. I've tried other ratios also but this was the only one which formed least amount ...
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52 views
Solubility of gases in water in comparison to their liquefiability
My textbook of physical chemistry says
...The following factors affect the solubilities of gases in liquids:
(i) Nature of the gas and solvent: Generally, the gases which
can be easily liquefied are ...
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Water solubility comparison of stereoisomers of bicyclo [4.4.0] decane-3,4-diol
I think, (I) must be more soluble in water. It is due to trans configuration and thus, forming more effectively inter-molecular hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
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What is the minimum mass of iron(III) chloride required to be added until the dark blue precipitate first appear?
How do I solve this question?
The presence of iron(III) ion is confirmed in a qualitative analysis by adding potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) ($\ce{K4[Fe(CN)6]}$) solution.
A dark blue ...
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2answers
90 views
Criterion for gravimetric analysis of silver
If the only criterion for gravimetric analysis of silver is solubility of precipitate, which one of the following two compound are we supposed to choose? $K_\mathrm{s}(\ce{AgCl}) = \pu{1.78E-10}$ and ...
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2answers
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Synthesis of Potassium Trioxalatoaluminate (III) Trihydrate
We mixed $\ce{Al}$ powder and hot water. Then we added $\ce{KOH}$ to the $\ce{Al}$ solution and it bubbled heavily (producing $\ce{H2}$). When that was over we added oxalic acid dihydrate to the ...
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1answer
31 views
Does PEO particle size decrease when dissolved in water?
I am looking to make metallic ink for inkjet printing and using PEO 1 wt% (MW ~600,000) as a binder. The print head I am hoping to use has a nozzle diameter of 80 microns. The metal powder dispersed ...
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0answers
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Does π values vary in Hansch-Fujita equations for a given substituent?
I was reading about Hansch-Fujita equations from Hansch-Fujita paramaters and observed that the $π$ values of substituents (analogous to Hammet $σ$ values) change according to the specific environment ...
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3answers
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Solubility of methanol and ethanol in water
Which substance is the most soluble in water?
$\ce{CH3OH}$
$\ce{CH4}$
$\ce{C2H6}$
$\ce{C2H5OH}$
I wasn't able to decide between 1 and 4, as both have hydroxides, but the answer is 1. ...
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4answers
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How do you explain pKa to non-professional?
Let's say we have substance $\ce{A}$, which is mixed with substance $\ce{B}$ to improve shelf-life because $\mathrm{p}K_\mathrm{a}$ of the substance $\ce{A}$ is $7.9$ and in mix the $\mathrm{pH}$ is $...
