Questions tagged [redox]
Redox is the portmanteau of reduction and oxidation. This tag should be used in questions where both the reduction and the oxidation process are under focus. This tag is not limited to inorganic chemistry. If the question is specifically about either reduction or oxidation (not both) of an organic compound, use [organic-reduction] or [organic-oxidation] instead.
1,447
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Question regarding the colour of Benzoic acid and Benzyl alchohol
This question is primarily based on the Cannizzaro reaction, where a base induces a disproportionation reaction of non-enolizable aldehydes (benzaldehyde, formaldehyde, etc) to form an alcohol and a ...
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Why transition metal chloride complex have lower reduction potential than metal aqua ions?
Why transition metal chloride complex have lower reduction potential than metal aqua ions? For example:
$$
\begin{align}
\ce{Au^3+(aq) + 3 e- &-> Au(s)} &\quad E^\circ &= \pu{+1.52 V}\...
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3
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How does the addition of NaCl to the cathode side effect the potential of a voltaic cell: Zn(s) | Zn2+(aq) 0.1M || Cu2+(aq) 0.1M | Cu(s)
By addition of $\ce{NaCl}$ to the $\ce{Zn}$ side of the cell, I observed precipitation of $\ce{ZnCl2}$.
I measured the voltage to $\pu{1.05 V}$ before adding $\ce{NaCl}$ to the cathode side, I then ...
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Determining iron content by titration
The redox reaction is
$$\ce{KMnO4-(aq) + 8 H+(aq) + 5 e- -> Mn^2+(aq) + 4 H2O(l)}.$$
Where does $\ce{H+}$ come from in this reaction? What happened to $\ce{K+}$ in potassium permanganate?
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What does onset of oxidation mean in Cyclic volammetry
I've read a few posts on here on how to calculate onset of oxidations in Cyclic voltammetry. However, I dont know what it actually means when comparing the onsets of oxidations of two different ...
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Is there a generalize-able relationship between Ecell and T for a galvanic cell?
Is there a generalize-able relationship between Ecell and T for a galvanic cell (assuming constant concentrations of all components)? (ie: higher temp = bigger/smaller Voltage)
Or is it entirely ...
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Why is bleaching with chlorine permanent but with sulphur dioxide temporary?
I was reading the properties of chlorine when I came across this statement:
Chlorine is a powerful bleaching agent; bleaching action is due to oxidation. Chlorine bleaches vegetable or organic matter ...
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Understanding Pourbaix diagram
I am recently taking courses in environmental chemistry and I was introduced to Pourbaix diagram. I was taught that the lines in the Pourbaix diagrams are equilibrium lines. Lets take as an example ...
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Why does green ferrous sulfate solution change color to yellow upon addition of hydrochloric acid?
I was demonstrating the formation of $\ce{Fe(OH)2}$ precipitate at school when the light green $\ce{FeSO4}$ I was using reacted with dil. $\ce{HCl}$ turned yellow. This only happened with dil. $\ce{...
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Can water oxidize zinc?
According to this textbook, H₂O has lower reduction potential (-0.83 V) than Zn (-0.76 V). This mean zinc is unable to reduce water to hydroxide. If so, why this video demonstrate that by heating zinc ...
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Confusion regarding $\delta$ charge compared with electronegativity
I heard on a lecture of an online site that, let us say, we have two orbitals (1 and 2). Now, it will be like a spherical cloud. Now, what they say is that
Now, we can notice that for orbital number ...
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Can we balance a redox reaction in basic medium just like as acidic medium and add OH- ions on both sides to cancel out H+ Ions? [closed]
My teacher told me that the method (which I mentioned above) is wrong but I find many references of saying the same method correct.
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Reduction of alcohol to alkane [closed]
I have been looking everywhere for hours now, and can't find anything on a simple lab reduction of an alcohol to an alkane that doesn't involve any "fancy" reagents such as tosylates, metal ...
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Will changing the salt in the salt bridge change the voltage produced in a galvanic cell?
I have used zinc sulfate and copper sulfate as the solutions, and used zinc and copper electrodes.
For salt bridge I took lithium, potassium, calcium, sodium and zinc nitrates. The results are as ...
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Does increasing one of the electrolytes in a galvanic cell increase the voltage?
I would like to know how you could increase the voltage in zinc and copper galvanic cell:
$$\ce{Zn(s) + Cu^2+ → Zn^2+ + Cu(s)}$$
I know that temperature and surface area is a factor that affects the ...
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Out of KCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, NaCl, which causes the greatest corrosion rate of iron and why?
I know that salts act as an electrolyte in a redox process and rusting of iron, where iron loses electrons and oxidizes, and oxygen gains electrons and reduces. I did an experiment with KCl, NaCl, ...
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What is the n factor of H2O2 undergoing disproportionation reaction liberating oxygen [closed]
There is a lot of confusion about the n-factor of hydrogen peroxide in its disproportionation into water and oxygen.
$$\ce{2H2O2 -> 2H2O + O2}$$
Some sources(1,2) say n-factor of $\ce{H2O2}$ is 2
...
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Electrochemistry - reduction potentials - an IB Chemistry Question [closed]
I have re-read the Electrochemistry chapter from my textbook just now to remind my self of the exact formulae. I still don't understand how to approach this question, however - how can we work it out? ...
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How does precipitate affect cell potential?
A cell is set up with copper and lead electrodes in contact with $\ce{CuSO4(aq)}$ and $\ce{Pb(NO3)2(aq)},$ respectively, at $\pu{25 °C}.$ The standard reduction potentials are:
$$
\begin{align}
\ce{Pb^...
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What happens at the inert anode in an electrolytic cell? [duplicate]
Recently I did an experiment using graphite as the anode and iron as the cathode for an electrolytic cell. I tried plating different metals such as copper, nickel, and zinc with CuSO4, NiSO4, and ...
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In dative bond S→ S, why are the Oxidation state of donor S = +2 and recipient S= -2 although both of them have the same electronegativity?
We know that if the dative bond is directed towards less electronegative element, it is ignored while calculating the oxidations state and it is considered as +2 for donor and -2 for the recipient ...
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Origin of electrode potential and its connection with electric double layer
Recently, I was learning about electrode processes and I came across the topic of "electrode potentials".
I understood that at equilibrium, a potential difference was generated at the ...
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What do ε₀ and V mean in a Pourbaix diagram?
From Wikipedia:
What does this graph mean?
What is $\varepsilon$? It looks like $\varepsilon_0$, like the vacuum permittivity, but what does this have to do with the polymorph and/or isomers of ...
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Do I have to systematically show the protons in my reaction equation to find the Pourbaix diagram's line equations?
I was trying to get the line equation for the Pourbaix diagram for the couple $\ce{Ni(OH)2}/\ce{Ni}.$ I can write two chemical equations for basic and acidic conditions, respectively:
$$
\begin{align}
...
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What reaction is used for calculating pH of the solution obtained after ethanol oxidation with potassium permanganate?
If $\pu{30.0 ml}$ of $\pu{0.20 M}$ ethanol solution reacts with $\pu{1.80 g}$ potassium permanganate, what will be the final $\mathrm{pH}$ of the solution? Assume a complete reaction and that only the ...
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How efficient is Zinc Acetate as an Oxygen absorber?
I used to work in a microbiology lab and they used zinc acetate as O2 absorber for the anaerobic chamber. Was this an efficient way to scrub O2 from the air? I am asking because I want to make an N2 ...
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Why do we need weak or strong acids to displace the anions of other weak acids from salts?
I have already looked at Why does a strong acid displace salt of weak acid? but I couldn't understand the answer and the analogy there. And I mean the above question in the following context :
$\ce{...
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Why do nitrogen-containing organic compounds give N2 as the combustion product?
My teacher gave the explanation stating that consider that first the nitrogen in lower state is oxidised to $\ce{N2}$ and then the further oxidation would stop as the $\ce{N-N}$ bond energy of $\ce{N2}...
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Balancing complex redox reaction of gold treated with sodium cyanide
How would you balance this reaction:
$$\ce{Au(s) + NaCN(aq) + O2(g) + H2O(l)-> Na[Au(CN)2](aq) + NaOH(aq)}?$$
Here’s what I’m came up with. First we can balance any atoms besides hydrogen and ...
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What does the salt actually do during electrolysis?
Pure water does not conduct electricity.
When you dissolve a salt like $\ce{Na2SO4}$ in water the solution becomes a better conductor.
If electrolysis is done on this solution, oxygen and hydrogen ...
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Why isn't my electrochemical cell producing its potential voltage
For a school project, I am testing how concentration affects the voltage output of three metals. So I am building voltaic cells with 0.1 M copper nitrate and 0.1 M, 0.01 M, and 0.001 M of zinc, ...
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Elimination vs reduction reactions - how to tell
Here are two compounds:
Compound H:
and compound I:
Compound H reactions with the reagent shown below to form compound I and two other products.
How would you clarify this reaction? I thought it was ...
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How to refine manganese metal from manganese(IV) oxide found in batteries? [closed]
I opened up some lantern batteries, and inside there's $\ce{MnO2}$ powder, carbon rods, and zinc casings, and other stuff that I don't know what it is exactly. I scraped out $\ce{MnO2}$-containing ...
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Thinking of reducing aluminum hydroxide with magnesium
Is it possible to reduce aluminum hydroxide to aluminum metal by using a sacrificial magnesium electrode in a single displacement reaction?
I checked my revision of redox charts and it looks like it ...
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Why doesn't NASA or SpaceX use ozone as an oxidizer for rocket fuels?
Presumably, it would be expensive to use ozone ($\ce{O3}$) as an oxidizer instead of $\ce{O2}$, but would the extra oomph be worth it? Does $\ce{O2}$ provide as much thrust/energy/heat as can be ...
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Why can't nitrate ion in aluminium nitrate solution oxidise copper when a copper spoon is used to stir the solution?
I have been recently studying electrochemistry and I came across the electrochemical series. A question was asked saying what will happen if a copper spoon is used to stir an aluminium nitrate ...
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Conditions for spontaneity of redox reaction among redox couples with equal standard reduction potentials
A question from the university course:
Could a redox reaction spontaneously occur among the redox couples $\ce{A_{ox}}/\ce{A_{red}}$ and $\ce{B_{ox}}/\ce{B_{red}}$ within non-standard circumstances ...
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What are high-energy electrons?
I read that (in cellular respiration) the transported electrons in NADH have a higher energy than those in FADH2.
I can't find a (simple or otherwise) explanation of what a "high-energy" ...
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Lost track of the hydrogen in step 3 of the Krebs cycle
I'm trying to follow the Krebs cycle step by step, accounting for the number of hydrogens in
each molecule before and after reactions.
I've run into a problem starting from step 3.
Isocitrate has ...
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Which of the following is the strongest oxidizing agent?
Which of the following is the strongest oxidizing agent?
A) $\ce{I2}$
B) $\ce{Ag^2+}$
C) $\ce{Cu^2+}$
The answer is apparently B) but I think it has to be A) because it is the only non-metal which ...
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Balancing redox equation involving ethanol and dichromate ion [closed]
$$\ce{C2H6O(l) + Cr2O7^{2-}(aq) -> C2H4O2(aq) + Cr^3+(aq)}$$
Basically, I have written the half equations, but I have having trouble with converting ethanol to acetic acid ($\ce{C2H6O -> C2H4O2}$...
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Driving force of Galvanic cell
Work can be extracted from galvanic cell which has a negative Gibb's free energy. I was wondering what is the driving force of it: I would naturally think its the Gibb's free energy, but the gaps ...
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How do I prevent oxygen interfering when I prepare a FeCl2 solution from anhydrous FeCl2 powder?
I have a bottle of anhydrous $\ce{FeCl2}$ powder (from here; it is 98% pure and was kept in a glovebox after opening it for the first time to minimize reactions with oxygen) and want to make this into ...
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Acidic KMnO4 oxidizes H2S to S. Why doesn't the oxidation proceed further to sulfur oxide, sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide?
I have some idea about the question. I think it has to do with oxidation/reduction potentials but I am not able to find any resource for the exact values or how to make sense of them in this context. ...
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Will a gold coin react with an aqueous magnesium nitrate? [closed]
I really have no work to show, I don't even know how to approach answering this... so if someone can push me in the right direction, thanks.
But I did have the idea that it might have something to do ...
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How does Metol (4-(methylamino)phenol sulfate) react when developing black and white photos? [duplicate]
I know that during the development process the developing agents reduce exposed Ag ions to silver. But what happens to Metol which is one of the developing agents?
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How to balance the reaction between ethanol and chlorine using oxidation number method?
Balance the following chemical equation using oxidation number method:
$$\ce{C2H5OH + Cl2 -> CHCl3 + HCO2- + Cl- + H2O}~\text{(In basic medium)}$$
Chlorine in $\ce{Cl2}$ is in oxidation state $0$ ...
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1
answer
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How is indigo carmine used in Lowenthal-Permanganate titration as a redox indicator?
In a Lowenthal-Permanganate titration, cider tannins are quantified by titrating the cider with indigo carmine indicator and sulfuric acid against potassium permanganate. Tannins are antioxidants, so ...
user100377
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Redox and anode/cathode in lead acid battery
I have watch a video about lead acid battery and I am very confused about the way the half reactions are labelled. I have learned that oxydation is the loss of electron (so it's the half reaction with ...
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How do I go about solving this question? [closed]
So I've studied Redox concepts but in the exam we are asked questions like these.
How am I supposed to know what the reaction is going to be?
How do I go ahead and assume what oxidation state it's ...
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