Questions tagged [organic-chemistry]
Use this tag for questions relating to organic molecules and their properties (structure of organic molecules, spectroscopic properties, reaction mechanisms, stereochemistry etc). DO NOT use this tag as the only tag in your question, as this tag by itself cannot appropriately classify your question. Always use this tag in addition to other more specific tags.
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Why are fluorides more reactive in nucleophilic aromatic substitutions than bromides?
In nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions, why do fluorides react faster than bromides?
Ordinarily bromide is a better leaving group than fluoride, e.g. in $\mathrm{S_N2}$ reactions, so why isn'...
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How does toluene react at higher temperatures and why?
Reaction of toluene at high temperatures gives us (o-m)toluene; whereas at normal conditions of electrophilic attack, it gives us (o-p) directing.
Why does this happen at high temp although as methyl ...
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Bond of interest
What does it mean for our bond of interest if we have low bond length and high frequency? Trying to make this connection but am not understanding. If anyone could explain it intuitively, that would be ...
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(Organic Chemistry) Common Atoms in Organic Molecules [closed]
What are 6 atoms commonly found in organic molecules?
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At what temperature will proteins and fats boil in a vacuum?
A question was asked on another stackexchange site:
This is not nice perspective, but eventually it will happen. An astronaut falls out of spaceship because of damage caused by collision with other ...
user310
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Can anyone tell me the mechanism behind this reaction? [closed]
$\ce{1-octene -> octan-1-ol}$
The reaction occurs in the presence of $\ce{ROOR}$ and $\ce{HBr}$.
There is no information about temperature.
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Which compound reacts most slowly? [closed]
I'm trying to figure out why the answer is C. Can anyone explain to me why that is the answer?
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Is it safe to condense water into a liquid nitrogen trap?
I'm trying to remove water from an imidazolium salt (i.e. dry the salt). However I want to know if it is safe to remove the water under vacuum. Is it safe to condense water into a liquid nitrogen ...
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Can a polymer have different resonance structures?
Several organic compounds have resonance structures, but can a polymer have resonance structures?
3
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Racemization of biphenyl compounds
How does the effect of heat and effect of substituents affect racemization of biphenyl compounds?
user1811
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Reaction mechanism of imine reduction to amine using an aluminium amalgam
I can not find any good resources on the Internet except for some shady drug syntheses. I was hoping that someone could provide me with some more educational information.
I'm interested in imine-...
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Photosynthesis, science fair [closed]
So I was thinking about something to do for a science fair and photosynthesis sounded like a good idea. I was wondering what the exact process of photosynthesis was on a chemical level. I know the ...
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What is the Molecular Formula for CH3-C≡C-CH2-CH3 [closed]
I am taking an Organic Chemistry class in my college and I was wondering what the Molecular Formula for CH3-C≡C-CH2-CH3 was.
It would also be nice to have the class of compound.
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Entropy and racemization?
The process of racemization of an optically compound is entropy driven and hence nature prefers a racemic mixture to an optically active one, which is consistent with the idea of the intuitive ...
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Why is methoxide a strong base?
Why is methoxide strong base? In case of halogens, I get why one is weak base, and one is strong base, but in the case of ones with oxygen, this seems to be hard to figure out.
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How many elements in food?
A slightly deranged curiosity: if we had a 3D printer able to “print” anything starting from “cartridges” of pure chemical elements, how many of the 118+ possible cartridges (or of the 98ish for non-...
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Energy required to break single bond vs double bond vs triple bond of a carbon atom in an organic molecule
Assuming every other conditions are the same, what would be the comparison of energy required to break single bond, double bond and triple bond of a carbon atom in an organic molecule?
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Why is ethanol written as C2H5OH not C2H6O?
This is balanced equation of fermentation of glucose:
$$\ce{C6H12O6(aq) -> 2C2H5OH(aq) + 2CO2(g)}$$
I know that the result of glucose fermentation is ethanol ($\ce{C2H6O}$). What represented in ...
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Why does a silane group react with hydroxyl groups?
I read somewhere that a silane group will react with hydroxyl groups.
Does anyone know why this would happen?
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What is the average chain length of a glutaraldehyde crosslink between primary amines?
Imagine I'm performing a primary amine to primary amine (i.e. PA to PA) crosslinking reaction at $37~^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$ in phosphate-buffered saline (pH $\approx 7.4$) with glutaraldehyde drawn from ...
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Geometrical isomerism in cycloalkenes
Why doesn't cyclohexene have a cis-trans isomer whereas cyclodecene has one?
Is strain a factor?
user1811
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How to chemically postpone a chemical reaction
This question is about delaying/postponing chemical reactions in general, but I will explain my point based on an example. Most of you will know the famous vinegar and baking soda experiment which ...
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Why does the unstabilised Wittig reaction selectively form cis alkenes?
This question is meant for a simple unstabilised ylide.
The mechanism of the Wittig reaction, as given on ChemTube3d, involves a concerted formation of the oxaphosphetane (this is generally favoured ...
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Esterification of a carboxylic acid and the production of water
In an esterification reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, a carboxylate ester and water is produced.
I found the following diagram online, and my textbook has a similar one as well
...
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A few questions about the conditions of the Diels Alder Reactions
I'm attempting to extract the diels alder reaction into a generic reaction and am trying to gain a better understanding of it.
Can a conjugated diene react with another conjugated diene via the diels ...
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Crystallization from a solution
I was wondering if there is any other way to crystallize materials from a solution other than using supersaturation?
Thanks,
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Why is methyl group more electron-donating than tert-butyl group?
As title says, why is methyl group more electron-donating than tert-butyl group? The context behind this is stabilization of conjugate base. (http://www.khanacademy.org/science/organic-chemistry/...
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Why do molecules having a higher relative molecular mass have stronger inter-molecular forces?
Why do molecules like alkanes with higher relative molecular
mass ($M_\mathrm r$) have stronger intermolecular forces? For example, methane ($\ce{CH4}$) has a weaker intermolecular force than pentane (...
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Assay over 100% (L-Cysteine Hydrochloride Monohydrate)
In reading a COA (Certificate of Analysis), I came across an Assay line:
The Assay is 100.5% where "Lower Limit" is 98.5 and "Upper Limit" is 101.0
This product ...
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Air recycling system(CO₂-->O₂) or (CO₂-->fuel)?
I'm not a chemist but I'm working on an eco-friendly project that is supposed to recycle $\ce{CO2}$ from the air and convert it to $\ce{O2}$ or at least a usable fuel source ,the system can use the ...
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What tools are used to predict the products of a chemical reaction? [duplicate]
I was wondering if there is a decent and non-complex way to predict the outcome of mixing two chemicals together.
I know that molecular dynamics is used in computational chemistry to understand ...
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What's the physicochemical difference between a chromophore and a fluorophore?
Let's take Hematoxylin, which is a pH indicator and a stain for histology, and therefore a chromophore, but does not fluoresce:
Now let's take Eosin, which stains tissue pinkish, but is also ...
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Nomenclature of alkenoic acids - which group has priority: the alkene or the acid?
Right, how do you systematically name them? Also, do you number them from the double bond end or the Carboxyl end?
Ie would it be something like. 2-methyl Hept-3-enoic acid?
Scuse the bad question ...
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What is a chemical element?
I would like to know what is the difference between a chemical element and a type of atom? Can anyone give the definition, please!
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Egg-Detection in Pastries: An Analysis in Heat-Alterated Molecule Identification
I would like to know if anybody here knows of a method to detect the presence of ovalbumin--or any unique, egg-related molecule, in a baked good. Here I am anticipating that the "unique egg-related ...
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Regioselectivity in Kharasch addition of bromotrichloromethane
When hex-1-ene is treated with bromotrichloromethane in the presence of a peroxide initiator (e.g. dibenzoyl peroxide), what is the regioselectivity of the addition?
I know that the radical addition ...
user1694
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What happens when you mix alum with soap?
I was handling alum one day and accidentally I touched toilet soap after that. They reacted with each other and formed a rubberlike sticky substance (like dried glue on palm). I am curious what was ...
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acyclically stereocontrolled reaction: organolithium and 2-chiral compound
Aoyagi et al. (J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 115, No. 24, p 11393) reported that the addition of 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane to the alpha-chiral (S)-2-Acetylpiperidine gives the (2 S,3 S)-configured product. It ...
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Calculating bond disassociation energy and bond energy for ATP [closed]
I'd like to calculate Bond Dissociation Energy and Bond Energy for ATP to a similar molecule. What free (at least for academic use) computer programs which natively support and document BDE?
If you ...
user1464
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Where did the acac come from in Cr(acac)₃ synthesis by CrCl₃ reagent?
Those are the reactions:
$$\ce{(H2N)2CO + 3 H2O -> CO2 + 2 NH4+ + 2OH-}$$
$$\ce{CH3COCH2COCH3 + OH- -> acac- + H2O}$$
$$\ce{CrCl3.6H2O -> Cr3+ + 3Cl- + 6H2O}$$
$$\ce{Cr3+ + 3acac- -> Cr(...
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PEG (polyethylene glycol) and ITO (indium tin oxide)
The binding of proteins to an ITO surface can be prevented by coating it with PEG groups (polyethylene glycol). PEG-silane is used to create the coating.
can somebody help with:
Why does PEG-silane ...
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Can salicylic acid be synthesized from salicylaldehyde?
You have a bottle of salicylaldehyde. And you want to make salicylic acid from salicylaldehyde. You can use all reagents and catalyst to make salicylic acid.
I think salicylic acid can be synthesized ...
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Markovnikov's addition to halogenated alkene?
The justification or rather intuition behind Markovnikov's rule is the stability of intermediate carbocation. The more substituted the carbocation the more stable the product. But based on this ideas ...
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Why are the vinylic bonds in alkenes slightly polar?
when searching in the internet about why are alkenes more polar than alkanes (but still they are non-polar), they are always saying that the double bond is more polarizable , i understood the whole ...
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Degradation mechanism of hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dioxo-3-hexenal and 4-oxopentanoic acid
I want to understand the degradation mechanism of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). According to the Wikipedia article, HMF is degraded in honey. Someone said that the degradation proceeds via 2 possible ...
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What are the main axis of research in Chemistry? [closed]
I would like to know what are the main problems currently studied in Chemistry.
For some reason, it seems that there is far less vulgarisation in chemistry than the other fields, and it's hard to ...
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Reduction of carboxylic acids by LiAlH4
I've read that when a carboxylic acid reacts with $\ce{LiAlH4}$ the corresponding alcohol is formed:
But when I try to think of the mechanism, I get stuck here:
$\ce{LiAlH4}$ produces $\ce{H-}$. ...
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What is octanamide used for?
I read a paper about enzyme-catalysed synthesis of octanamide.
What is octanamide used for?
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Prediction of surface atoms in molecule from its graph
If we are given a molecular graph i.e. al the atoms involved and their connectivity, how can we make reasonable prediction if the atom would lie in the surface or in the inner part. On way might be ...
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Why Inductive effect operates only through single bonds?
I am not able to find any examples of the inductive effect operating through multiple bonds. Why can't electron displacement take place in multiple bonds?
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