Questions tagged [liquids]
The liquids tag has no usage guidance.
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How much energy is required to liquify oxygen?
Does anyone know where I can find some documentation of a real-world liquification process, and the energy costs?
I can calculate the heat that must be removed from O2 gas to get to liquid, but how ...
-2
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0answers
15 views
Liquids and Solids [closed]
Mothballs are made of a solid organic compound, para-dichlorobenzene, or PDB. The chemical formula of PDB is C6H4Cl2, and it sublimes at 20.0°C into a vapor with strong odors. The vapor pressure of ...
4
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1answer
99 views
What is inside nanobubbles?
A recent article (ACS Omega 2021, 6, 8021−8027) confirms the stability of nanobubbles with theoretical principles. Nanobubbles, having a size in the range of 50-500 nm, are reported to be metastable, ...
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0answers
46 views
Cooling down from −78 °C to −88 °C without cryogenics
Say I have a gas cylinder with nitrous oxide and cool it down to −78 °C with dry ice. Is there an endothermic process/reaction that would extract the remaining heat from $\ce{N2O}$ and bring it down ...
1
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1answer
51 views
What pressure does liquid nitrous oxide need at −45 °C?
What pressure does liquid nitrous oxide need at −45 °C to remain liquid? How can I calculate its pressure required for other temperatures?
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0answers
24 views
Why is liquid mercury conductive if you do not have the lattice periodicity to describe the collective behavior of conducting electrons? [duplicate]
We have electric conductivity in metal because the regularity and interaction in a crystal allow for the creation of conduction bands. We should not find these bands in mercury so how could liquid ...
0
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2answers
52 views
Confusion in barometer experiment
Now at A, there is pressure by mercury column which is nothing but it's weight. Then, at C there is pressure which is atmospheric pressure. Also, the density at A is more than at C. What they say ...
1
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1answer
95 views
Energy bands in Liquid [closed]
In solid, energy bands means the 1s orbital with spin up and down become 3 states when there are 3 atoms.
But then. If you look at hydrogen atoms, the allowed bound states have energies equal to En=Ry/...
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0answers
42 views
Is it possible to have three stable liquid phases in a binary mixture?
With this system, it would be possible to have three liquid phases and two liquid-liquid coexistence regions at various compositions. Similar behaviour is common for solids such as alloys, sometimes ...
0
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2answers
312 views
What is intermolecular distance in water? [closed]
I am wondering what is an average intermolecular distance in liquid water (say under normal pressure and room temperature).
I need just order of magnitude. A reference would be helpful.
0
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1answer
67 views
How does solutions of two liquids work? [closed]
When two liquids mix, and they are not hindered by a polarity mismatch (like oil and water), why don't they always form a homogenous mixture? Due to entropy, a liquid will disperse itself evenly. This ...
0
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1answer
60 views
Low viscosity, low surface tension liquid for volume measurement
General Case
This question concerns the general problem of accurate volume measurement of a given object. Among other techniques, that of liquid displacement is sometimes used for this purpose.
In ...
-1
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1answer
336 views
I need help finding several immiscible liquids [closed]
I am trying to fill a vial with as many immiscible liquids as possible so that they form many separate layers. I want to do this as a way to visualise how liquids with different refractive indexes ...
1
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1answer
74 views
How can CO2 exist in two different phases?
Given a container of $\ce{CO2}$ at a pressure of 100 bar and 295 K, I check the chart below and find:
I'm within the liquid region
I'm before the critical point (304 K)
My question then is, why can ...
1
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0answers
26 views
Carbonated Beverage Phenomenon [duplicate]
I've seen this phenomenon a couple of times--I actually saw it happen this night.
When a carbonated beverage is poured into a cup or glass, many tiny bubbles of carbon dioxide form on the bottom of ...
0
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0answers
160 views
Finding the reduced pressure to distill a solution containing 0.4 g of naphthalene in 25 g of chloroform at 50 °C
Chloroform boils at $\pu{62 ^\circ C}$. For a solution containing $\pu{0.4 g}$ of naphthalene in $\pu{25 g}$ of chloroform, the boiling point is elevated by $\pu{0.45 K}$, to avoid any decomposition ...
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143 views
What are the least dense fluids?
This question left me wondering what other very light (condensed) fluids could exist, at any environmental condition.
Obvious candidates for the list are (at their Bp./1 bar)
LH2 (0.07 g/ml)
LHe (0....
0
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1answer
51 views
Is it possible to manipulate some specific atoms of a liquid metal by dint of the magnetic field, electric field, etc?
Let's deem, we have a liquid metal that is multicomponent, for example, type A, B, and C. Is it possible that we single out the type A and put them in a specific shape, for example, a circle?
Let me ...
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29 views
The minima of minimum boiling azeotropes
This is a very basic doubt, so I'll be really brief about it. The discussion I raise is particularly about minimum boiling azeotropes but it's understood that whatever I ask is about the general ...
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2answers
126 views
Can we determine pH of liquid at home without pH-meter or litmus paper? [closed]
Are there alternative ways to determine $\mathrm{pH}$ of a liquid without using $\mathrm{pH}$-meter or litmus paper? In case if we didn't cook the liquid ourselves and don't know concentration of acid ...
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1answer
450 views
Chemicals to increase surface tension of water
I want to increase the surface tension of water by 1.2 - 2 times. How about adding one or more chemical substances to the water that can possibily increase its surface tension by the desired amount? ...
2
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2answers
41 views
Water color additive that will maintain color when water is a thin film
I'm producing thin sheets of liquid (50 to 100 microns) from a nozzle and trying to photograph them. I think it would help if I could color the water. However, typically as water becomes more of a ...
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1answer
49 views
How to transfer Gel into liquid [closed]
We’ll know there are few easy method to make liquid into gel form
But whats the method for reverse it
To transfer gel into liquid form
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2answers
152 views
What happens with the boiling point of a liquid in a vacuum [closed]
This may be a silly question, but when I was reading my chemistry textbook, there was this following statement:
"A liquid boils when its vapor pressure equals the external pressure acting on the ...
1
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0answers
43 views
Liquid neon freezer?
Liquid nitrogen is approximately -330 degrees Fahrenheit. Liquid neon is approximately -413 degrees Fahrenheit. I want to know about if this type of freezer is easily possible in practice and if such ...
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1answer
489 views
Effect of pressure on viscosity of liquids and gases [closed]
My textbook says the following on viscosity and pressure:
increase in pressure decreases the viscosity of water but for other liquids it increases. Viscosity of gases does not change much
No ...
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0answers
155 views
How much electron hybridization and bonding occurs in liquid helium?
Helium is the only element which does not freeze at atmospheric pressure, and only forms a liquid at around 4 Kelvin due to weak van der Waals forces.
I'm interested in knowing roughly how much ...
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2answers
37 views
What are some other gases that liquify at around the same temperature as ammonia? [closed]
I am looking for gases that have a liquefication that falls within or on the edges of the liquefication range of Ammonia. I am mainly looking for gases that are comprised mainly of Carbon, Nitrogen, ...
0
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1answer
60 views
Is there any non-toxic and non-solvable-in-air liquid? [closed]
I want to heat the air with non-aqueous, non-toxic and non-solvable-in-air liquid (with very low relative pressure in air). Is there any such liquid exists?
It would be great if the boiling point of ...
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0answers
38 views
Water replacement for pressure-testing [closed]
Due to circumstance, our Data Centre build has some delays and it currently looks like we're going to have to perform a hydrostatic test of our sprinkler system with live computers in it.
As I have ...
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0answers
56 views
Liquid alternative to alcohol to lower density of water
I am trying to create a suspension of polypropylene particles in a water based liquid. I want the density of the liquid to be more than or equal to the density of polypropylene (855 - 946 kg/m3) so ...
2
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1answer
148 views
What happens when a super-critical fluid is compressed?
Suppose that I have some substance with a critical temperature of 20°C. That means above that temperature, the substance exists neither as a gas nor a liquid, but instead as a super-critical fluid. ...
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3answers
2k views
Are all volatile liquids combustible?
I realized that liquids like petrol, kerosene and even perfumes are combustible when they are volatile.
Could that be the reason why water is not combustible is because it is not volatile?
Are ...
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45 views
Which DFT functional is best for predicting macroscopic properties of molecular liquids?
Which DFT functional (KS-DFT, to be more specific) performs best at predicting macroscopic properties (density, surface tension, boiling point, relative permittivity etc.) of molecular liquids (...
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1answer
68 views
Boiling point elevation and liquid solutions
$\pu{1 L}$ of an aqueous solution of urea having density $\pu{1.06 g mL-1}$ is found to have elevation in boiling point $\Delta T_\mathrm{b} = \pu{0.5 °C}.$ If the temperature of this solution is ...
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3answers
2k views
What do the horizontal lines in a P-V phase diagram mean?
I have been studying phase diagrams of pure substances, and for a substance such as carbon dioxide for example, it's diagram looks something like this:
The horizontal lines in the liquid phase puzzle ...
asked Jul 11 '19 at 16:48
Pritt says Reinstate Monica
8,0173 gold badges29 silver badges82 bronze badges
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1answer
213 views
Why does bromine increase the viscosity of olive oil? [closed]
Does bromine bond to the carbon in unsaturated fatty acids and break the double bonds between oxygen and carbon? Does this increase the viscosity of olive oil?
Could someone give an elaborated ...
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2answers
5k views
What is the least dense liquid under normal conditions?
What is the least dense liquid under normal conditions, room temperature, one atmosphere of pressure, doesn't combust upon contact with air, also wouldn't kill a human just for being in the same room ...
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2answers
659 views
What happens when mixing elemental mercury with sodium hypochlorite solution [closed]
Say you spilled elemental mercury from a thermometer and used household bleach on it, what would be the reaction if any?
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2answers
581 views
Liquid Versus Aqueous States? [closed]
I am studying ionic equations and have encountered the statement of the phase of matter in the equation since ionic substances tend to react differently based on their phase.
I know that
(l) state ...
20
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2answers
1k views
Can a stoichiometric mixture of oxygen and methane exist as a liquid at standard pressure and some (low) temperature?
This answer to the question Pre-mixing cryogenic fuels and using only one fuel tank written by a non-chemist (me) begins with:
At STP:
LOX's boiling point is 90.19 K
Methane's freezing point is 90....
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3answers
6k views
Why does increase in pressure cause a increase in boiling point [closed]
When we increase the atomospheric pressure pressure above the solution , the boiling point of a solution increases. Why does this happen?
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1answer
713 views
Is sodium hypochlorite 100% concentrate possible?
Popular bleaching brands like Clorox contain liquid sodium hypochlorite in small concentrations, ranging from 5-12.5% (is this a mass/volume, mass/mass, or volume/volume concentrate?).
Is it possible ...
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1answer
263 views
Model of an ideal liquid in chemistry
In chemistry there are ideal models/concepts of ideal crystal, ideal gas and even ideal solution, but there is no model/concept of ideal liquid.
In physics (fluid dynamics, to be precise) there is a ...
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4answers
1k views
Ionic compound having highest solubility in water
Which ionic compound has highest solubility in water? I can find CsBr having highest solubility with 1230 g/L at 25 °C.
Note: compounds like ethanol are soluble to any extent in water, but they are ...
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0answers
20 views
Explanation of phase changing/solid and liquid water existing in the same container at same temp [closed]
I was trying to explain to a friend the other day why when ice and water are in the same container, the water is 32 degrees Fahrenheit or 0 celcius, but not frozen, because the ambient temp is above ...
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1answer
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Properties of azeotropes
Consider two liquids with vapour pressures in pure form being ${P^o}_A$ and ${P^o}_B$. ${P^o}_B >{P^o}_A$ which implies liquid B is more volatile. If the liquids formed an ideal solution, then a ...
