Questions tagged [liquids]

For questions about matter in the liquid phase, or about the concept of the liquid state of matter itself.

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How to decrease the fat blur texture of liquid shoe shine?

I am doing work on liquid shoe shine and using a good emulsifier. At certain temperature it becomes hard or fat texture and sometime it do not cones to one phase. How can I make it more in a water or ...
Faria Aslam's user avatar
-3 votes
0 answers
48 views

Non toxic/hazardous liquid or additive that freezes between 5-15 degrees Celsius

I have a product to help regulate core temperature and I have gone the wrong direction at first. Thought of freezing liquid colder would last longer, but it ends up that you need more Jules to move ...
Pieter Kruger's user avatar
-3 votes
1 answer
75 views

Liquification of ideal solution of two liquids from vapor phase [closed]

A and B form an ideal solution. In a cylinder piston arrangement, $\pu{2.0 mol}$ of vapor of liquid A and $\pu{3 mol}$ of vapor of liquid B are taken at $\pu{300 torr}$ and $T~\pu{K}$. At what ...
om Makadia's user avatar
6 votes
1 answer
172 views

Paramagnetic liquids at room temperature

So as most inorganic liquids are diamagnetic at room temperature (like water), what are some applications to paramagnetic liquids at room temperature?
Neal Conroy's user avatar
0 votes
3 answers
186 views

Question about vapor pressure in solids and liquids

I've been reading about vapor pressure and it's a bit confusing. For example when water is in equilibrium between the solid and liquid phase, my textbook says that the vapor pressure is equal between ...
Randomdude's user avatar
-1 votes
2 answers
109 views

At what temperature is ammonia liquid at 1.5 bars? [closed]

I would like to know at what temperature ammonia condenses from gaseous form into a liquid, at a pressure of 1.5 bars. I know that at normal 1 bar pressure, ammonia is a liquid between -78 and -33 ...
Chemistrynoob's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
68 views

Why causes the curvature of the line in pressure-composition graph?

I have been studying about liquid solutions and came across these graphs. From the first graph it is evident that the solution considered has been assumed ideal as there is no deviation from ideal ...
BlueInfinite1729's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
158 views

Temperature Dependence of Crystal Formation in Storm Glass

The storm glass is an interesting historical device which claims to be able to predict the weather (for example, clear liquid implies fair weather, murky liquid implies rainy weather and large flaky ...
Tom's user avatar
  • 147
4 votes
2 answers
868 views

Why does the vapour pressure not depend on the surface area and volume of a liquid?

My teacher said that vapour pressure is independent of the surface area and volume of a liquid. But I think it should be dependent, because surface area is directly proportional to the evaporation ...
Rohan Singh's user avatar
-2 votes
2 answers
116 views

Chemical potential and condition for equilibrium in case of binary liquid reaction mixture

Suppose there is a liquid mixture with components A and B in equilibrium along with their vapours. Then with the Gibbs-Duhem equation we know that $$μ_A(\mathrm{liquid}) = μ_A(\mathrm{vapor})$$ and $$...
Abhiraj Ranjan's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
146 views

Colored inorganic liquids: why is SCl2 red, and S2Cl2 orange?

Those do not involve d orbitals, so there is no crystal field theory or ligand theory. Do we have a name of study that only involves p orbitals? Since I think molecular theory is for all s p d f ...
Neal Conroy's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
50 views

Is it easier to produce hydrodynamic cavitation in a liquid close to boiling point?

Cavitation is defined as the process of formation of the vapor phase of a liquid when it is subjected to reduced pressures at constant ambient temperature. Thus, it is the process of boiling in a ...
Oliver Walters's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
72 views

What is the nature of container when talking about Boiling Point of a Liquid [ Vapour Pressure related ]? [closed]

From what I understand, whenever talking about calculating the value of Vapour Pressure we need to take a closed container as there needs to be an equilibrium established {R evaporation = R ...
Paras Gupta's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
64 views

Would it make sense to filter air through oil?

I have seen water-based air purifiers, which work by having air bubble through water supposedly leaving water-soluble molecules behind. I understand that this concept also humidifies the air due to ...
Diydumbster's user avatar
-3 votes
1 answer
174 views

Additives to increase water density and solubility [closed]

What additives do I need to add to a water-based drink (coffee or tea for example), to increase its density and to make the drink insoluble (like olive oil for example) in salt sea water or inland ...
Florian M's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
198 views

What polyatomic substances have the lowest known freezing points at standard pressure?

At standard pressure, helium never freezes, so that's clearly the coldest liquid—but it's also a monatomic substance. Diatomic hydrogen freezes at 13 K. Neon freezes at 24 K. And then the next coldest ...
Logan R. Kearsley's user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
445 views

Why can't there be a gas-dispersed-in-gas colloid? [closed]

Colloids, a special type of heterogeneous mixtures, typically have two components. One is the dispersed phase (DP), which is the "solute-like" part and another one is the dispersion medium (...
Ayush Roy's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
186 views

Can vapor pressure be defined for permanent gases?

Vapor pressure of a substance, in a given temperature, is the pressure exerted the vapor in a system where the gaseous and liquid phases of the pure substance are in equilibrium. But, if for a ...
user2934303's user avatar
2 votes
2 answers
398 views

Is it appropriate to say "solid-in-gas solution" and "liquid-in-gas solution"?

A number of books mention "solid-in-gas" and "liquid-in-gas" types of gaseous solutions. However, for something to dissolve in a gas, it must be in its vapour phase. So, for ...
namish's user avatar
  • 37
-1 votes
1 answer
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What is the ∆H_vap when temperature of a given liquid is equal to the boiling point of the liquid?

What is the $∆H_{vap}$ when temperature of a given liquid is equal to the boiling point of the liquid? For the other cases ie (i) T>BP, $∆H_{vap}$ > 0 (ii) T<BP, $∆H_{vap}$ < 0 So what ...
Snehal Saurabh's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
26 views

Vapour pressure and boiling [duplicate]

I have come across two definitions for boiling point: It is the temperature at which a liquid gets vaporised It is the point where vapour pressure = external pressure How are they related? How does ...
Draculin's user avatar
-2 votes
1 answer
102 views

Looking for gas or liquid for story research

I am working on a story for adaptation into animation. Main lead is a chemist in a traditional fantasy setting. The chemist uses her own compound to battle using fire or explosions. I love the ...
Steven Hanssen's user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
404 views

Compare density of halogen substituted benzene rings

The correct decreasing order of densities of the following compounds is : (1) (D) > (C) > (B) > (A) (2) (C) > (D) > (A) > (B) (3) (C) > (B) > (A) > (D) (4) (A) > (B) >...
Jay's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
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A liquid which climbs out of its pot [closed]

My Russian born wife recently asked me to buy her a skin remedy widely used in Russia. In English this is the oil of a plant called Sea Buckthorn. It is a thin yellow liquid. My wife put some of this ...
David Morley's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
80 views

Is there a parameter for degree of ‘mixedness’

So I was making coffee this morning and when mixing some milk into the black coffee, I wondered if there was some parameter or value in chemistry which describes how well mixed two liquids (or gases) ...
arevmelikyan's user avatar
-1 votes
1 answer
1k views

Why do polar solvents seem to be of lesser viscosity than non-polar ones? [closed]

For instance, in Russian there is an adjective "oily", which means a liquid of high viscosity. Is this assertion even true in general or statistically?
Anixx's user avatar
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6 votes
2 answers
2k views

Does Raoult's law hold for immiscible liquids?

I know that Raoult's law holds true only for a non volatile solute in a volatile solvent mixture wherein the vapour pressure of the solution gets lowered due to the addition of solute. Now, first of ...
puma's user avatar
  • 93
0 votes
1 answer
672 views

How many boiling points does a mixture of liquids have?

Let's say I have a mixture of two miscible liquids. I want to get the liquids by fractional/pure distillation. My textbook says a mixture boils over a range of temperatures. On the contrary, another ...
NinePlusTenEqualsTwentyOne's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
84 views

Is my bottle of "RooR"-brand glass cleaning liquid pure isopropyl alcohol or something else?

I have this exact bottle: https://www.grasscity.eu/media/catalog/product/cache/2b55fa971a29a7844993ad77b24950ac/i/m/img_3633_1_1.jpg I originally purchased it to clean my vaporizer (I've since stopped ...
M. Reik's user avatar
20 votes
6 answers
11k views

What is the difference between "vapour" and "gas"?

I have read the definition of vapour on Wikipedia, but I don't seem to have a clear idea about the difference between a vapour and a gas. I know what it means when it says, "gas at a temperature ...
gobbledy-gook's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
1k views

To calculate total vapour pressure of a solution

Question: 1 mole each of A and B were mixed to obtain an ideal solution of which one mole went to the vapour phase at equilibrium. If $P°_\mathrm{A} = \pu{100 torr}$ and $P°_\mathrm{B} = \pu{900 torr}$...
kanishk6103's user avatar
11 votes
4 answers
2k views

Why does gas not liquify at a temperature above the critical temperature no matter how much pressure is applied on it? Why? [duplicate]

My textbook says that critical temperature is the temperature above which a gas cannot be liquified no matter how much pressure we apply on it. But why? What is so special about this 'critical ...
user281837's user avatar
-2 votes
1 answer
87 views

Ln2 Dewar Filling [closed]

For cooling of a measurement device (HPGE) i need around 30 Liters of LN2 (Liquid Nitrogen). I'm a hobbyist but, familiar with the basic rules of Ln2 (Eyeshield,Gloves, Ventilation, Pressure Danger) ...
sgt_johnny's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
74 views

How much energy is required to liquify oxygen?

Does anyone know where I can find some documentation of a real-world liquification process, and the energy costs? I can calculate the heat that must be removed from O2 gas to get to liquid, but how ...
dlight's user avatar
  • 337
4 votes
1 answer
129 views

What is inside nanobubbles?

A recent article (ACS Omega 2021, 6, 8021−8027) confirms the stability of nanobubbles with theoretical principles. Nanobubbles, having a size in the range of 50-500 nm, are reported to be metastable, ...
James Gaidis's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
54 views

Cooling down from −78 °C to −88 °C without cryogenics

Say I have a gas cylinder with nitrous oxide and cool it down to −78 °C with dry ice. Is there an endothermic process/reaction that would extract the remaining heat from $\ce{N2O}$ and bring it down ...
Kozuch's user avatar
  • 121
1 vote
1 answer
166 views

What pressure does liquid nitrous oxide need at −45 °C?

What pressure does liquid nitrous oxide need at −45 °C to remain liquid? How can I calculate its pressure required for other temperatures?
Kozuch's user avatar
  • 121
1 vote
0 answers
32 views

Why is liquid mercury conductive if you do not have the lattice periodicity to describe the collective behavior of conducting electrons? [duplicate]

We have electric conductivity in metal because the regularity and interaction in a crystal allow for the creation of conduction bands. We should not find these bands in mercury so how could liquid ...
Daniel Martineau's user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
73 views

Confusion in barometer experiment

Now at A, there is pressure by mercury column which is nothing but it's weight. Then, at C there is pressure which is atmospheric pressure. Also, the density at A is more than at C. What they say ...
Srijan's user avatar
  • 412
1 vote
1 answer
324 views

Energy bands in Liquid [closed]

In solid, energy bands means the 1s orbital with spin up and down become 3 states when there are 3 atoms. But then. If you look at hydrogen atoms, the allowed bound states have energies equal to En=Ry/...
Jtl's user avatar
  • 577
1 vote
0 answers
52 views

Is it possible to have three stable liquid phases in a binary mixture?

With this system, it would be possible to have three liquid phases and two liquid-liquid coexistence regions at various compositions. Similar behaviour is common for solids such as alloys, sometimes ...
Bence Balázs's user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
2k views

What is intermolecular distance in water? [closed]

I am wondering what is an average intermolecular distance in liquid water (say under normal pressure and room temperature). I need just order of magnitude. A reference would be helpful.
makt's user avatar
  • 109
0 votes
1 answer
234 views

How does solutions of two liquids work? [closed]

When two liquids mix, and they are not hindered by a polarity mismatch (like oil and water), why don't they always form a homogenous mixture? Due to entropy, a liquid will disperse itself evenly. This ...
A. Kvåle's user avatar
  • 205
0 votes
1 answer
182 views

Low viscosity, low surface tension liquid for volume measurement

General Case This question concerns the general problem of accurate volume measurement of a given object. Among other techniques, that of liquid displacement is sometimes used for this purpose. In ...
mranvick's user avatar
  • 517
-1 votes
1 answer
2k views

I need help finding several immiscible liquids [closed]

I am trying to fill a vial with as many immiscible liquids as possible so that they form many separate layers. I want to do this as a way to visualise how liquids with different refractive indexes ...
Jacob Kling's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
310 views

How can CO2 exist in two different phases?

Given a container of $\ce{CO2}$ at a pressure of 100 bar and 295 K, I check the chart below and find: I'm within the liquid region I'm before the critical point (304 K) My question then is, why can ...
dameshgarm's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
26 views

Carbonated Beverage Phenomenon [duplicate]

I've seen this phenomenon a couple of times--I actually saw it happen this night. When a carbonated beverage is poured into a cup or glass, many tiny bubbles of carbon dioxide form on the bottom of ...
Sovereign Inquiry's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
175 views

Finding the reduced pressure to distill a solution containing 0.4 g of naphthalene in 25 g of chloroform at 50 °C

Chloroform boils at $\pu{62 ^\circ C}$. For a solution containing $\pu{0.4 g}$ of naphthalene in $\pu{25 g}$ of chloroform, the boiling point is elevated by $\pu{0.45 K}$, to avoid any decomposition ...
Shriom707's user avatar
  • 197
3 votes
1 answer
2k views

What are the least dense fluids?

This question left me wondering what other very light (condensed) fluids could exist, at any environmental condition. Obvious candidates for the list are (at their Bp./1 bar) LH2 (0.07 g/ml) LHe (0....
Karl's user avatar
  • 12k
0 votes
1 answer
65 views

Is it possible to manipulate some specific atoms of a liquid metal by dint of the magnetic field, electric field, etc?

Let's deem, we have a liquid metal that is multicomponent, for example, type A, B, and C. Is it possible that we single out the type A and put them in a specific shape, for example, a circle? Let me ...
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