Questions tagged [ionic-compounds]
Compounds in which at least some of bonds have ionic character stronger than covalent or metallic. Many compounds called salts are ionic compounds but not all of them.
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Should moderately soluble compounds like calcium hydroxide be denoted (aq) or (s)?
I'm learning to write balanced molecular and ionic equations. For "moderately soluble" compounds such as calcium hydroxide, how do I know whether to write the state symbol as (aq) or (s)? This is the ...
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will the autoionization of water reduce due to common ion effect? [closed]
When a weak acid is added to water , will the dissociation of water reduce due to common ion effect caused by increased H+ concentration due to acid , my text book said common ion effect is caused by ...
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will two weak acids lower their degree of dissociation when put together in solution compared to when put separately
When two weak acids are put in aqueous solutions separately they will have some value of degree of dissociation, now when both are put together will there be a decrease in their dissociations, I ...
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Why does calcium oxide react with sulfur dioxide?
Which of the following compounds reacts with calcium oxide, $\ce{CaO}$?
(a) $\ce{K2O}$
(b) $\ce{Na2O}$
(c) $\ce{SO2}$
(d) $\ce{MgO}$
I thought that since sodium is higher in the reactivity ...
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How to get ionic radii for coordination number 12?
I am studying $\ce{ABX3}$ perovskites, and I would like to calculate Goldschmidt tolerance factors for them. The $\ce{A}$ sites in these materials have a coordination number $12$.
The Shannon's ...
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Why did we multiply equilibrium constant with concentration of pure water and called it the water product? [duplicate]
Equilibrium constant is calculated by taking active masses of pure liquids as unity. But while calculating ionic product of water we could have simply defined the equilibrium constant as water ...
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Naming ionic compounds with multiple cations and anions
I have seen complex ionic compounds that have mixed anions and/or mixed cations. For Example I have seen this:
$$\ce{NaKCl2}$$
Also known as Sodium Potassium Chloride. The only information I can ...
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If I mix carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide in the right amounts in water, do I get baking soda?
Suppose I need a sodium bicarbonate solution (for non-food related reasons). Can I get something resembling it by mixing $\ce{NaOH}$ and $\ce{CO2}$ in water?
Of course one should not attempt to make ...
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Constructing an equation for the precipitation of a salt
I was asked to write a balanced equation, as well as the net ionic equation, for the formation of $\ce{CaCO3}$ by precipitation. The equations should also include state symbols.
Unfortunately, I am ...
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Wondering about tetrasilicates [closed]
I found two papers from which two different formulae for the tetrasilicate (tetrasilicic acid) are found:
1.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022309302015491.
2.https://www.ncbi.nlm....
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Long linear molecule with alternating elements? [closed]
In the classic freshman physics text Electricity and Magnetism by Purcell, one of his first examples is the computation of the electrical binding energy of a $\ce{NaCl}$ crystal. He models the crystal ...
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Dielectric constant and dissolution of ionic salts
We say that salts like $\ce{NaCl}$ get easily dissolved in water because the dielectric constant of water is very high. I know the dielectric constant of water is 81 and if a salt is put into water ...
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Inorganic Chemistry [closed]
Which of the following is a covalent bond?
1.Al2O3 2.AlF3
3.AlCl3 4.Al2(SO4)3
The correct answer is AlCl3.But I have a confusion between option c and d.A/c Fajan's ...
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Reversed size dependence in ion solubility
My book says that solubility increases with interionic distance, because the attractive forces between ions gets smaller. However, if one of the ions in a binary ionic system is very large compared to ...
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When comparing boiling points of two ionic compounds, what bonding factors should you assess?
When comparing boiling points of two ionic compounds, should you look at their electronegativity difference, lattice energy, or strength from LDF forces (or all 3 factors)?
For example, between LiCL ...
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If Mg(OH)2 is insoluble, why does the reaction of MgO and water produce a slightly alkali solution? [closed]
The equation of the reaction is:
Mg(OH)2 + H2O -> Mg(OH)2.
Why is it that this reaction produces a solution of around pH 9? There are no OH- ions produced.
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Comparing thermal stabilities of MgCl2 and BaCl2
I read that to compare thermal stabilities of ionic solids:
if the solid has a monoatomic anion, we compare thermal stability on the basis of lattice energy which is inversely proportional to size.
...
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Why lattice energy of NaCl is more than CsCl?
Why is the lattice energy of Nacl more than that of CsCl?
If size of Na is smaller than that of Cs, then according to Fajan's rule, Na should polarise Chlorine more and therefore, NaCl must have more ...
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How does Borax Solution act as a buffer? [closed]
What type of buffer is it? If it's a Weak Acid-Conjugate Base type of buffer, what is the weak acid and conjugate base?
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How to interpret the shape in this representation of an electride?
This excellent answer describes the appearance of solvated electrons in ammonia as first a blue, and then metallic color. It is produced by dissolving sodium in ammonia at low temperature. According ...
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Finding the error in attempting the equilibrium question through isotherm equations
Consider the partial decomposition of A as:
$$\ce{2A(g) <=> 2B(g) + C(g)}$$
At equilibrium $\pu{700 ml}$ of gaseous mixture contains $\pu{100 ml}$
of gas C at $\pu{10 atm}$ and $\pu{...
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Dipole moment - calculation of percentage ionic character
Question: The dipole moment of $\ce{HBr}$ is $2.60 \times 10^{-30}$ and the interatomic spacing is $1.41$. What is the percentage ionic character of $\ce{HBr}$?
What I know is that the percentage ...
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How is the dichromate anion generated from potassium dichromate? [closed]
How does $\ce{K2Cr2O7}$ become $\ce{Cr2O7^2-}$ when dissolved in water?
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How does NaCl maintain its crystalline structure?
My understanding is that $\mathrm{NaCl}$ is an ionic compound, in which $\mathrm{Cl}$ becomes (effectively) $\mathrm{Cl^-}$ and $\mathrm{Na}$ becomes $\mathrm{Na^+}$. So I understand why I would get a ...
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What are the products of the double displacement reaction of oxalic acid and cesium hydroxide?
A solution of oxalic acid is mixed with a solution of cesium hydroxide. This chemical reaction requires double displacement. I got this as my chemical equation:
$$\ce{C2H2O4 + CsOH -> H3O + CsC2O4}...
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Is a non-compound molecule a chemical substance?
The Wikipedia definition of chemical substance states:
A chemical substance, also known as a pure substance, is a form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties....
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Do individual crystals resulting from evaporating a mixture of two ionic compounds contain both cations/anions within the crystal lattice?
I have wondered this for awhile. Let's say I dissolve, without loss of generality, potassium chloride and sodium chloride in water, then evaporate the water. Would any of the resulting crystals ...
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Why is the formation of NaCl an exothermic process?
My book says,
When NaCl forms, what really happens is that $\ce{Na+}$ and $\ce{Cl-}$ come together and form an ionic bond and thus NaCl is formed and it is a quite exothermic reaction.
Why and ...
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What is the proof of complete ionic dissociation in water?
Is there any way to prove that ionic compounds, for instance $\ce{NaCl}$, completely dissociate into singular $\ce{Na+}$ and $\ce{Cl-}$ ions within water by hard experimental evidence?
Besides ...
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Very elementary question about valence electrons of ionic compound
In a university entrance question, I found this question:
What is the number of valence electrons of $\ce{Mg(OH)2}$? Answer = 24
I know that Mg has 2 valence electrons and O has 6. But I don't ...
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Both calcium hydroxide and ethanol have a hydroxide group, then why isn't ethanol ionic?
I am confused on what is a hydroxide exactly is. For example, ethanol has a hydroxide group so does this mean it contains hydroxide ion? Does this make it ionic? I know it is a covalent molecule but ...
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Why do we use different arguments for determining the strength of hydracids and solubility of ionic compounds?
HI is a stronger acid than HF. Why? Because when dissolved in water, the bigger iodide ion handles the negative charge way better than the small fluoride ion. So Iodide ion is a weak conjugate base ...
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Problems with creating sodium hydroxide from sodium (hydrogen) carbonate
If sodium hydrogen carbonate (baking soda, $\ce{NaHCO3}$) is heated to greater than $50~\mathrm{^\circ C}$, it will release carbon dioxide and water to form sodium carbonate:
$$\ce{2NaHCO3 -> ...
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The Conductivity of Electrolytes based on structure of Ionic Crystal [closed]
Background
I want to run an experiment to test the conductivity of various ionic compounds dissolved in water. I was hoping to see some sort of trend in the increase/decrease of conductivity based on ...
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How can an ionic bond have partial covalent in character? [duplicate]
I was going through the topic of 'ionic bond' and read this:
No bond is 100% ionic in character. It has some percentage of covalent character.
I didn't understand how an ionic bond can be ...
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Why does calcium carbonate decompose in sulphuric acid?
Here's the reaction:
$\ce{H2SO4(aq) + CaCO3(s) -> CaSO4(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)}$
I don't understand why calcium carbonate decomposes in sulphuric acid. It's not soluble in water. I could ...
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How is NH4Cl a salt?
So what I know is, a salt is an ionic compound between a metal and a non-metal which exchange electrons. Like in $\ce{NaCl}$, $\ce{Na}$ is the metal and $\ce{Cl}$ is the non-metal, $\ce{Cl}$ hogs up ...
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Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvent cation vs anion shape
If we consider an ionic liquid of a deep eutectic such as the choline chloride type DESs, why are ionic liquids (and deep eutectics) with not very symmetric cations and very symmetric anions more ...
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Metallic character of bonds?
Why in discussions of percent character of bonds, are only ionic and covalent bondings discussed? Do bonds not have a partial metallic character, and are either metallic and ionic-covalent?
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Identifying covalent character in ionic compounds when varying multiple ions
By Fajans' rules, we can easily find out which compound shows covalent character.
Example: Among $\ce{NaCl}$, $\ce{MgCl2}$, $\ce{AlCl3}$ which one is more covalent?
Answer: There is a point in ...
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Melting points of alkali metal halides
The correct order of melting point of alkali metal halides is:
$\ce{MF}>\ce{MCl}>\ce{MBr}>\ce{MI}$
$\ce{MI}>\ce{MBr}>\ce{MCl}>\ce{MF}$
$\ce{MCl}>\ce{MF}>\ce{MBr}>\ce{MI}$
$\...
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What is the net ionic equation of sodium hydroxide when it dissolves in water?
What is the net ionic equation of sodium hydroxide when it dissolves in water?
For the net ionic equation I got
$$\ce{NaOH(s) + H2O(l) -> NaH+(aq) + OH- (aq) + H2O(l)}$$
but it was wrong.
Then ...
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Find the pH of a sodium chloride solution using the extended Debye-Huckel equation
Question
Use activities to calculate the pH of each of the following solutions, being sure to use $\mathrm{\alpha}$ values and the extended Debye-Huckel equation.
The first one the ...
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How do you write the ionization equation for calcium hydroxide?
This is a base that would ionize completely, and the dissociation equation would look like this: $$\ce{Ca(OH)2 <--> Ca^2+ + 2OH-}$$ but how would I write the Brønsted equation with water? $$\ce{...
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Predicting color of precipitate
Is there any way of predicting whether a precipitate will be colored? I know that for solutions, transition metal ions with unfilled d-orbitals will have color because of d-orbital splitting in the ...
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How can sodium chloride melt ice or keep it frozen?
In European countries, they use $\ce{NaCl}$ or $\ce{KCl}$ to melt ice during the winter season.
In Asian Countries, they use $\ce{NaCl}$ to keep the ice without melting, for example in ice cream and ...
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Why does silver sulfate not precipitate in this double displacement reaction?
Aqueous silver nitrate is mixed with aqueous sodium sulfate. We were asked to perform this reaction in lab in my chemistry class, and we did not observe a precipitant being formed. However, the ...
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What changes does zinc chloride undergo when ‘fusing’ on an atomic level? How does this influence reactivity?
I have been using a reaction with an organozincate starting material. This zincate is freshly prepared from zinc chloride and a Grignard reagent. The experimental procedure ‘handed down’ from more ...
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How does salt concentration affect corrosion rate of iron?
I have conducted an experiment where I test the affect of $\ce{NaCl}$ concentration on corrosion rate of iron. I did this in an environment were all of the iron was submerged in water and the water ...
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Why does phosphoric acid mask the colour of iron(III) complex in water?
In the redox titration of iron(III) with permanganate or dichromate, we use phosphoric(V) acid to "mask" the color of iron(III) because it interferes with the end point color change.
What's the ...
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