Questions tagged [ionic-compounds]
Compounds in which at least some of bonds have ionic character stronger than covalent or metallic. Many compounds called salts are ionic compounds but not all of them.
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Crown ether complex formation with cesium carbonate
I am searching for some papers which form complex between crown ether and cesium carbonate. But Most papers only use cesium carbonate as a base in the synthesis of crown ether, not ionic compound for ...
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What is the most stable oxide of francium?
I read that the heavier alkali metals, like potassium, rubidium, and cesium all prefer to form superoxides. Since francium is the heaviest alkali metal so far, I assumed it would follow the same trend ...
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Magnesium chloride to citrate conversion (reaction/synthesis)
How would one prepare magnesium citrate from magnesium chloride and citric acid? Will it work if I just heat a mixture of magnesium chloride and citric acid in water? I'd expect HCl to vaporize off.
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Equation for salt formation for ammonium oxalate?
I'm having trouble finding out the salt formation equation for $\ce{(NH4)2C2O4}$
I thought it was $\ce{NH3 + H2C2O4}$ but that doesn't seem to balance out.
$\ce{HC2O4-}$ seems to work, but are ions ...
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Epsom salts - heavy metal contamination myth?
This recipe for home-made handwash (liquid soap) consists of bar soap, water, Epsom salts, and coconut oil.
The author specifically warns against using 'artificial' Epsom salts, preferring the ...
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MgCl2 acidic or neutral in water?
I'm currently taking chemistry 12. On our test we were asked, when given a $0.1~\mathrm{M}$ solution of certain compounds whether the resulting solution when added to water would be acidic, basic, or ...
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Why does KCl have FCC structure instead of BCC?
I have this table here.
\begin{array} {|r|r|}\hline \text{Radius Ratio} & \text{Coordination number} & \text{Type of Void} \\ \hline <0.155 & 2 & \text{Linear} \\ \hline 0.155-0....
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Cannot identify C[Mg+]
I am not able to identify the molecule C[Mg+]. I came across it a number of times in the USPTO-50k dataset, in reactions such as the one shown below:
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On the exact definitions of Frenkel and Schottky defects
The wiki page on vacancy defects says;
It is also known as a Schottky defect, although in ionic crystals the concepts are not identical.
As far as I'm aware, they're the same. Furthermore, the wiki ...
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Solvent for copper(I) iodide, copper(I) thiocyanate, silver iodide for HTM deposition; safety for methylammonium lead iodide
I'm a student working in a high school laboratory that is looking to pursue research into perovskite cells for next year, but I have some solubility and safety questions.
What would be a good solvent ...
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why chemical bond between Na and Cl happens [closed]
We know that if Cl and Na get too close, they produce ionic bonding.
Cl has 17 proton and 17 electrons and is considered stable.
Na has 11 protons and 11 electrons and is considered stable.
I ...
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Why is Fe3O4 a non-stoichiometric compound? [closed]
Fe combines with O in a whole number ratio 3:2. Even the ions Fe2+ and Fe3+ are in the ratio 1:2. Then, why Fe3O4 is a non-stoichiometric compound?
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Why does adding salt to water reduce the pH? [closed]
I recently heard someone claim that adding table salt to vinegar caused HCl to form which helped them clean coins - clearly not the case - however I thought I'd disprove it by doing an experiment.
So ...
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Comparing ionic character of group 1 elements
According to Fajan's rule ionic character should increase down the group as the size of cation increase.
So it must be
$$\ce{LiH < NaH < KH < RbH < CsH}$$
However, the following two ...
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Can ionic and/or metallic bonding produce stable long chains? Like polymers, though not necessarily as useful [closed]
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Polymers are long chains ⛓️ of covalent bonds.
Can similar structures exist for ionic and/or metallic bonding? They don't have to be as useful.
I know there can be polymers with ionic bonds ...
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Why does iodine trichloride dimerize?
In which of the dimerization process, the achievement of the octet is not the driving force
$\ce{2AlCl3 \to Al2Cl6}$
$\ce{BeCl2 \to BeCl2}$ (solid)
$\ce{2ICl3 \to I2Cl6} $
$\ce{2NO2 \to N2O4}$
...
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Is potassium bifluoride an ionic or a covalent compound?
The statement below is an excerpt from my textbook (Chemistry Part II, Textbook for Class XII by NCERT, ed. January 2014):
Because of the tendency of fluorine to form hydrogen bond, metal fluorides ...
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Balancing a chemical reaction with oxidation numbers
We have been teached how to balance chemical reactions with oxidation numbers in school, but somehow I can't understand it.
This is the equation to balance
$$\ce{Cu(s) + NO3−(aq) + H+(aq) -> Cu^2+(...
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Can I convert copper(II) acetate or carbonate to copper(II) sulfate?
I am a high school student who does chemistry as a hobby, and as such I really don't know very much. I managed to make some copper(II) acetate and copper(II) carbonate, and now I'd like to convert it ...
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Hannay smith equation derivation
Our chemistry teacher taught us about Hannay smith equation for calculating the percent ionic character. He did not told how that equation was derived. I could not find any satisfactory result from ...
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Intermolecular Forces for Ionic Compound?
So in class we have learned London dispersion, dipole-dipole, ion-dipole and hydrogen bonding for intermolecular forces. Our teacher always uses covalent molecules as examples. So I was wondering ...
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Why are magnesium chloride and calcium chloride more soluble than sodium chloride?
I read that $\ce{MgCl2}$ and $\ce{CaCl2}$ are more soluble than $\ce{NaCl}$ in water. Solubility of $\ce{MgCl2}$ is $\pu{543 g/L}$ and that of $\ce{NaCl}$ is $\pu{360 g/L}$ (both at $20^{\circ} \pu{C}$...
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Why triiodide ion does not form ionic bond with cation having +2 charge?
In general, I found that triiodide ion generally forms ionic bond with cations having +1 charge like $\ce{NH4+I3-}$, $\ce{K+I3-}$, $\ce{Tl+I3-}$. But, I have never seen triiodide ion forming ionic ...
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Why metal hydrides have low lattice enthalpy
Lattice enthalpy is inversely proportional to the distance between the ions. And the trend of lattice enthalpies is: $\ce{MF>MCl>MBr>MI}$. But why do metal hydrides have lesser lattice ...
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why does lithium fluoride have a higher lattice energy than lithium iodide?
Based on my knowledge, lattice energy is proportional to the multiplication of the charge of the ions, divided by the sum of the radius of ions, as follows:
$$\text{Lattice energy} \propto \dfrac{q_+ \...
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How to change the counterion of a nucleotide salt?
I need to take the sodium nucleotide salts I have available in my lab and modify them to instead contain some more exotic counterions. Can I do this by binding my nucleotides to a strong anion ...
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Are all ionic compounds salts?
According to Wikipedia:
A salt is an ionic compound that can be formed by the neutralization
reaction of an acid and a base.
Are all ionic compounds salts? Are all salts ionic compounds?
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Are salts (e.g. NaCl) soluble in liquid metals?
I'm curious whether any salt would at all dissolve in a liquid metal, such as gallium, mercury, or some other metal in the liquid phase?
A Google search of "solubility of NaCl in Mercury" ...
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Why should we not add the H+ ion conc coming from water before calculating pH of acidic/basic solution?
For eg:
If we are calculating pH of the soln of a strong acid, we shall do this:
pH= - log [H+]
Where H+ is the concentration coming from that acid.
Why shall we not add to this concentration, the H+ ...
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Are mixtures of finely ground solid fertilizer compounds stable? [closed]
If I had a combination of the following as finely ground powders, would it be relatively stable, or would they react to form other compounds?
Sodium Nitrate
Ammonium Nitrate
Calcium Nitrate
Potassium ...
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Compare the covalent character of ZnCl2, CdCl2,HgCl2
I want to know how to arrange the covalent character of ZnCl2, CdCl2, and HgCl2.
By Fajans' rules, We know that a smaller cation equals higher covalent character.
We also know that atomic size ...
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Why would a metal form an ionic compound with a nonmetal from a lower period?
Take sodium iodide for example. I understand both elements can obtain a full outer shell via the electron transfer. But doesn't the electron move from a lower-energy orbital ($3s$ in sodium) to a ...
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Confusion related to exception in Fajan's rule (Regarding prediction in solubility of compounds in polar solvents)
My teacher taught us that higher the ionic character in a compound, higher is its solubility in polar solvents like water.
To illustrate this statement, he also gave us the following example-
LiOH< ...
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Covalent character of bonds in uranium hexafluoride
In one of the questions in a qualifying exam it said that $\ce{UF6}$ is a "covalent compound". This fits the physical properties of the compound well, e.g. low boiling point, existence as ...
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How many multivalent elements are there? [closed]
According to this video there are 20 multivalent elements, and from the periodic table, I see 20, but according to multiple websites, including this, it says there are only 5. What am I not ...
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How do we know the ionic charge of iron or elements such as iron on the periodic table?
How do we find iron's ionic charge? I was taught that we use roman numerals but I don't see any on the basic periodic table of elements (I'm using this one). So how do we find iron's charge of Fe 2+ ...
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Is lead iodide a strong electrolyte?
So, lead iodide is insoluble. I see conflicting answers online. Some say it's a weak electrolyte because it is insoluble, others say it is a strong electrolyte because it is an ionic compound and any ...
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Why does covalent nature in ionic solids increase the lattice energy?
I have observed in my textbooks that ionic solid that have a greater covalent character tend to have higher lattice energy. Can this be generalised as fact?
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How do clay particles form a colloidal mixture?
I have been learning about water coagulation in my chemistry textbook. Apparently, before being treated, water has clay particles, primarily silicates and aluminosilicates, which apparently have a ...
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Is iron(III) carbonate stable in water?
I searched for this onsite already, and also found the following answer on Quora:
In aqueous environment, iron(III) is bound by water molecules and exists as $\ce{[Fe(H2O)6]^3+}$. Due to strong ...
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Safely removing sodium hypochlorite crystals from hard-to-reach surfaces
I have a small bathing whirlpool which wasn’t used for over ten years. It is built into the ground and I cannot reach the disinfectant container to replace it with a new one. I can access the fill-...
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Why is the overall charge of an ionic compound zero?
My textbook simply says:
Since an ionic compound consists of equal number of positive and negative ions, the overall charge of an ionic compound is zero.
But why is the number of positive and ...
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How can I transform Thiamine sulfate to Thiamine hydrochloride?
I have got thiamine sulfate and want to have thiamine hydro chloride. Can I obtain it by dissolving thiamine sulfate in water and adding calcium chloride water solution as long as calcium sulfate will ...
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Ionic or covalent bond
Which bond is stronger, ionic or covalent? I have a lot of confusion about this.
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Does the salinity in seawater affect the process of alkaline hydrolysis?
I am an architecture student doing a project on crematorium spaces. I am looking at resomation or alkaline hydrolysis as an alternative method of disposition of a body. From what I gather from ...
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Does lithium form ionic hydride? [duplicate]
It is stated in my chemistry textbook that lithium indeed forms lithium hydrides. However, significant covalent characters could be found in lithium hydrides (like least reactivity).
But in some other ...
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Does solid sodium hydroxide react with carbon dioxide and air moisture?
I heard a claim in the context of soapmaking that a stray grain of sodium hydroxide will decay into soda ash, i.e. sodium carbonate, on contact with air. This reaction happens in an aqueous solution, ...
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Is it possible to burn things in a halogen atmosphere?
Fires can burn in oxygen. But, can they burn in halogen atmospheres (fluorine and chlorine only)? I am wondering this because combustion reactions involve oxygen and carbon and other elements. But, ...
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AlCl3, Al2O3, Al(OH)3. What is more ionic?
I tried with fajans' rules.
First I got AlCl3 and Al2O3. There, because O2- has high negative charge I decided that Al2O3 is less ionic. But my teacher told us that we can get the same thing by ...
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Alkali and alkali earth metal carbonates and bicarbonates decomposition
Which of the following can not decompose on heating to give $\ce{CO_2}$?
$\ce{Li_2CO_3}$
$\ce{Na_2CO_3}$
$\ce{KHCO_3}$
$\ce{BaCO_3}$
What I have read till now: Lithium carbonate is not so stable to ...
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