Questions tagged [ideal-gas]
For questions about the ideal gas law or gases which can be well approximated as an ideal gas.
57
questions
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0answers
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Trouble in applying gas laws [closed]
Suppose there is a mixture of gases kept in a container of total volume V which is pressed by a piston which exerts constant pressure of P. There is one gas of n1 moles occupying partial volume V1 and ...
0
votes
1answer
37 views
Calculation of the mass of N2 in the container
Two vessels of equal volumes are connected to each other by a valve of negligible volume. One vessel containing $0.1$ mole $\ce {N_2}(g)$ and $0.05$ mole $\ce {I_2}(s)$ at temperature $T_1$. The other ...
3
votes
0answers
37 views
About Real Gas and Ideal Gas - Select the correct statement(s):
Select the correct statement(s):
At Boyle's temperature a real gas behaves like an ideal gas at low pressure.
Above critical conditions, a real gas behaves like an ideal gas.
At high pressure van der ...
-2
votes
1answer
88 views
Looking for gas or liquid for story research
I am working on a story for adaptation into animation. Main lead is a chemist in a traditional fantasy setting. The chemist uses her own compound to battle using fire or explosions. I love the ...
0
votes
1answer
72 views
How to compute the work Done in an adiabatic irreversible expansion?
The question is as follows
What is the magnitude of work performed by one mole of an ideal gas when its volume increases eight times in an irreversible adiabatic expansion if initial temperature of ...
5
votes
2answers
206 views
Why is the enthalpy change of an ideal gas a function only of temperature?
While teaching us thermodynamics our chemistry teacher told us that enthalpy change of a real gas is a function of temperature, pressure etc. but the enthalpy change of an ideal gas is only a function ...
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votes
1answer
25 views
Why do we use external pressure to calculate work done by a gas in case of compression instead of using internal pressure? [closed]
According to formula work done is (Resisting pressure X dV)? Then in case of compression, isn't the resisting force is internal Pressure? Then why we the formula for compression is same as expansion ...
0
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0answers
35 views
How does volume change as a piston separating two compartments of a thermally insulated container moves to reach thermodynamic equilibrium?
The situation is a thermally insulated container divided into two compartments, which are separated by a diathermic piston. Initially, the left compartment has a volume (V1) of 2L, and a temperature ...
0
votes
2answers
163 views
Compressibility factor and deviation from ideality
Consider these statements :
At Boyle point, real gases show ideal behaviour.
Above the Boyle point, real gases show positive deviation from ideality (forces of attraction between the particles are ...
0
votes
1answer
53 views
What is the density of nitrogen at standard conditions?
I find diverging answers to what the density of nitrogen at standard conditions is.
By standard conditions I mean T=273.15 K and P=1 atm (=1.01325 bar).
Different sources state:
Wikipedia : 1.2506 g/...
13
votes
4answers
2k views
What is the physical significance of the universal gas constant R?
While studying work done in isothermal processes I was told that the universal gas constant $R$ is the work done by the gas per mole per kelvin. I am sure I am missing something basic but I didn't ...
2
votes
1answer
65 views
Number of possible microscopic states and their probabilities
I'm having trouble with the following problem:
Boltzmann defined entropy as a measure of the number of possible microscopic states of a system, $W$,
as:
${S = k_BlnW}$
Here, $k_B$ is the Boltzmann ...
0
votes
0answers
65 views
Complex formation in water and Henry's law
I've been trying to solve the following problem for a while now.
Consider a mixture of two different gases ($A$ and $B$) for which Henry's law holds. When gas molecules $A$ and $B$ do not interact ...
0
votes
1answer
72 views
Dissolution of CO2 in water
The following question has troubled me for a while.
For gases that are slightly soluble in water, there is a proportional relationship between the partial
pressure, $P$, and the mole fraction, $x$, ...
2
votes
1answer
58 views
Partial pressure of gases in a container with a piston
I've been having problems with the following problem.
Figure 1.
A container with a piston like that shown in Figure 1 is filled with $0.10$ $mol$ of Ar and $1.00$ $mol$ of water (liquid and vapor). ...
1
vote
1answer
69 views
Finding the mole fraction of nitrogen in a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen
Question
The density of a mixture of Nitrogen and Oxygen is $\pu{4.7 g L-1}$.
Its given that $P = \pu{4 atm}$, and that $T = \pu{298 K}$. Assuming both gasses are ideal gasses, what is the molar ...
0
votes
0answers
24 views
How much energy is required to liquify oxygen?
Does anyone know where I can find some documentation of a real-world liquification process, and the energy costs?
I can calculate the heat that must be removed from O2 gas to get to liquid, but how ...
2
votes
1answer
69 views
How can change in Enthalpy for a reaction be written like this?
If a gas expands in a container with constant external pressure then:
$W=-P_{ext}\Delta V$
Instead of $P_{ext}$ if we use $P_{int}$ then we will not get the same value because $P_{int}$ is constantly ...
1
vote
0answers
45 views
How much energy is required to operate a Sabatier Reactor?
I'm trying to model some industrial processes and having a hard time finding information about the Sabatier reaction. The sabatier reaction combines CO2 (and possibly CO) with H2 to produce H2O and ...
1
vote
1answer
89 views
Find gas pressures of injection knowing mixture pressure without knowing volume
Let's say we have a gas 1 moving inside a pipe (we don't know the geometry) at mass flow rate $Q_1$ and temperature $T_1.$ We inject a gas 2 at some point inside the pipe with gas 1 at mass flow rate $...
1
vote
3answers
155 views
Specific Heats for Non-Constant Processes
Why can the specific heat at constant Pressure ($C_p$) be used to calculate the change in enthalpy as $\text{d}H = C_p\text{d}T\newcommand{\d}{\text{d}}$ for processes that are not even at constant ...
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votes
1answer
93 views
Volume of ideal gas molecule [closed]
Is there any reason as to why we assume the volume of ideal gas to be negligible in comparison to the container? What is the underlying reason to assume that the ideal gas molecules are point ...
0
votes
1answer
45 views
How does an irreversible process maintain internal energy while dissipating excess heat? [closed]
From my understanding, if you were to look at a pressure-volume graph of a reversible, isothermal expansion, the area under it would represent reversible work. Similarly, if you were to graph an ...
1
vote
1answer
212 views
How does one prove Avogadro's law from Gay-Lussac's?
To understand Gay-Lussac's law, Amedeo Avogadro said
In equal volumes of air under constant temperature and pressure, there are equal number of atoms (or molecules).
Let's take a hydrogen and an ...
0
votes
1answer
44 views
Particules speed in ideal gasses [closed]
According to Graham's law, we can calculate de average speed of gasses by using the formula
$$v^2=\frac{3RT}{M}$$
I tried to use this simulation and got these data by keeping same particles amount and ...
1
vote
1answer
65 views
Work done by system of ideal gas in isobaric expansion
Consider a system of ideal gas in a container with piston and the isobaric expansion of gas takes place.
As the process is isobaric, so initially the pressure of gas is equal to atmospheric pressure ...
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votes
1answer
34 views
Consider difference of pressures as weight of piston [closed]
Let us say there is a container with two ideal gases in it divided by a piston.Volume of ideal below the piston is 2L and above is 8L.Total volume of container is 10L.
n of both is 1 mole and T is 300 ...
0
votes
0answers
76 views
Volume of compressed helium gas needed for FE test on ball valves
I'm currently doing a case study to find out the exact volume of helium gas required for FE tests on ball valves regards to the valves' volume and pressure class and the number of helium tanks needed ...
3
votes
1answer
541 views
Will entropy increase in adiabatic expansion? [closed]
The formula for entropy change states that change in entropy is not possible if heat change is nil.
∆S=∆Q/T
But what if we adiabatically expand a gas? Won't the molecules get more space to vibrate in, ...
0
votes
0answers
47 views
Why is the concentration term in van der Waals correction for ideal gas squared? [duplicate]
In van der Waals correction for ideal gas equation, the pressure term has a correction where concentration term is squared. I saw derivations for this and they say that the concentration is squared ...
1
vote
1answer
69 views
interconverting Van Der Waal's equation for real gases from number of molecules to density
I want to ask a question about Van Der Waal's equation for real gases.
I was shown the following formula for real gases (VDW) which accounts for the liquification of water vapour which is not possible ...
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votes
2answers
941 views
Under what conditions does Real Gases show Ideal Behaviour? [closed]
MY textbook says : Real gases show Ideal Behavior under low pressure ,high temperature.
So I wanted to know what happens to real gases at high pressure ,low pressure
Do they also show ideal behavior ...
0
votes
0answers
82 views
Why is vapor pressure constant at boiling point?
At non-boiling point, I understand that when you add heat, temperature increases and also the amount of gas increases, so by using $PV=nRT$ at constant volume, the increase in $n$ and $T$ would ...
2
votes
1answer
116 views
Specific Heat Ratio for a perfect gas mixture
I am reading Rocket Propulsion Elements by George P. Sutton & Oscar Biblarz, 9th Edition. In the fifth chapter, I was introduce to the specific heat ratio k for the perfect gas mixture, Eq. 5-7. ...
2
votes
1answer
53 views
describing in words a primitive heated water vapor lift
The primitive lift illustrated in the left hand side of the following figure operates using heated water vapor ("gas") that pushes on a sealed piston. During its operation, the vapor ...
1
vote
0answers
66 views
Interpreting a thermodynamics equation using a picture
Given
$$ \frac{\partial \Gamma}{\partial p}\Bigg|_{t} =\frac{\partial \Gamma}{\partial p}\Bigg|_{v}+\frac{\partial v}{\partial p}\Bigg|_{t}\frac{\partial \Gamma}{\partial v}\Bigg|_{p} \tag{1}$$
where
\...
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votes
2answers
161 views
Chemical potential and gibbs free energy
I would like to ask why the $\Delta_rG_1 = -RT\ln K + RT\ln Q$ is not equal to $Δ_rG_2$ numerically as shown in the figure where I derived $\Delta_rG_2 = RT\ln Q$ using a cyclic ring since $\Delta_rG$ ...
1
vote
0answers
25 views
How do we define "volume" of the gas undergoing free expansion in vacuum? [closed]
Usually volume occupied by the gas is defined as the the volume of the container, but as it expands freely (Joule's free expansion), we can't say anything about volume in a concrete sense as we don't ...
2
votes
1answer
72 views
Are chemical treated as ideal gases when trying to figure out heat of formation using calorimetry?
At 36:48 of this video lecture, The professor says that the reaction moving from reactants to products keeping temperature of both same and under standard condition is an isothermal constant volume ...
0
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0answers
31 views
Why do internal energy/heat and enthalphy differ? What is the physical significance of the $PV$ term for enthalphy of an ideal gas? [duplicate]
Let it be noted that this is not a duplicate of this downvoted-to-hell question, simply because I hope to ask it better!
I've been reading a thermo textbook and I've got a simple question.
The ...
1
vote
1answer
692 views
What gas law is involved when your ears "pop" when you are on a plane high in the air? [closed]
When you are up in the air, the air pressure decreases and the altitude increases. What gas law is involved in the situation wherein your ears "pop" because of the difference in pressure.
0
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0answers
40 views
Finding percent contamination of sulfur dioxide in air by redox reaction with iodine
I would really like some help with this problem. My work is at the bottom. I've tried multiple ways and have gotten the same answer for both, but for some reason the computer program won't accept the ...
1
vote
1answer
60 views
Relationship between the partial pressure $p_J = x_J p$ and the perfect gas law $pV = nRT$
I am currently studying Atkins' Physical Chemistry, 11th edition, by Peter Atkins, Julio de Paula, and James Keeler. Chapter 1A.2 Equations of state says the following:
When dealing with gaseous ...
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votes
2answers
54 views
Calculating the molar volume of a perfect gas under standard ambient temperature and pressure [duplicate]
I am trying to calculate the molar volume of a perfect gas under standard ambient temperature and pressure, but I'm having problems with the units.
$$\begin{align} V_m = \dfrac{RT}{p} &= \dfrac{(8....
0
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0answers
69 views
Calculating force and pressure of an ideal gas on a wall [duplicate]
The text below is from a discussion on ideal gases and the kinetic theory of gases:
After the collision the molecule must travel a distance $l$ to the
opposite wall, and then back across this same ...
5
votes
2answers
521 views
Pressure exerted by a particle of ideal gas
There is a step I fail to grasp in the proof that for a monatomic ideal gas, $U=\frac{3}{2}PV$, where $U$ denotes the internal energy of the gas.
The proof involves considering a particle with mass $m$...
1
vote
1answer
81 views
A Curious (definitely wrong) result of Absolute Entropy [closed]
The Gibbs free energy is defined as
$$G=H-TS$$
Differentiating both sides
$$dG=dH-TdS-SdT$$
For an adiabatic reversible expansion of an ideal gas, we would have $dG=0$, and $dS=0$.
Thus we can write, $...
1
vote
2answers
215 views
Can Gay-Lussac's law be observed in the reverse direction?
Gay-Lussac's law states that if you decrease the temperature of a gas at constant volume, the pressure decreases by a corresponding amount. This is easy to carry out experimentally. But in practice is ...
2
votes
0answers
98 views
How to convert pCO2 (uatm) in seawater to grams
I have seawater pCO2 measurements, and I need to convert them from uatm to moles or grams for around a 50m depth integration.
I know the solubility coefficient and temperature among other data.
For ...
3
votes
1answer
81 views
Does the property of additivity for the amounts of different substances hold up for ideal gas law?
A mixture contains $\pu{8.00 g}$ each of $\ce{O2},$ $\ce{CO2},$ and $\ce{SO2}$ at STP. Calculate the volume of this mixture. Which of the gases would exert the greatest pressure and why?
Here is my ...
