Questions tagged [esters]
For questions about the synthesis, properties, and reactions of ester compounds, both organic and inorganic.
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Is it possible for an ester group to directly bond with a primary amine upon heating? [closed]
I have prepared cellulose with ester groups on it (cellulose was esterified). I wish to attach amine groups to my cellulose. Is it possible to form amide bonds by simply heating my cellulose esters ...
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Can two 1st order reactants in an overall 2nd order reaction have different rates?
I've recently done a saponification reaction of ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide and used the initial rates method to find the order of reaction. (I change the concentration of one reactant and ...
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Does Fischer esterification occur when mixing alcoholic drinks with lemon juice?
I would assume it does happen because the ethanol in the drink would be in an acidic environment because of the lemon juice and would react with the citric acid in it. But the thing is, how come we ...
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What is the role of magnesium nitride in ammosamide B synthesis?
The following is a snapshot of the synthesis of ammosamide B from Synarchive:
In the final step $\ce{Mg3N2}$ is used to convert esters to amides or amides to amines. What is the mechanism of this ...
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Major product in the reaction of alcohol with unsymmetrical acid anhydride
When alcohol reacts with symmetrical acid anhydride to form ester. We have the following reaction,
But if the acid anhydride used is unsymmetrical how can we identify the major product? For example ...
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Why is ester more reactive to nucleophile than carboxylic acids?
I was given just this statement at face value, but I think it refers to nucleophilic reactions where the carbonyl is the electrophile.
From what I understand, the $\ce{-OR}$ in ester is more electron ...
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What is the product of the reaction between alcohol and acetyl chloride in presence of pyridine?
What happens when butan-2-ol reacts(under heat) with $\ce{CH3COCl}$ in the presence of pyridine? Does it form $\ce{CH3COOCH(CH3)CH2CH3}$? I got the ester mentioned but the solution says it gives an ...
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Reacting Grignard reagent with esters to excusively produce a ketone [duplicate]
Adding 2 moles of grignard reagent to an ester, gives out 2 alcohols. But, if 1 mole of grignard reagent is added, will the reaction exclusively produce a ketone? How to prepare a ketone in a reaction ...
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Why doesn't the acetic anhydride moeity react with the nucleophilic carbonyl oxygen of salicylic acid?
I know that salicylic acid with acetic anhydride under acidic conditions gives acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). But my question is, why is it that post the protonation of carbonyl oxygen of acetic ...
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Preferred radical attack on a polyester
My question concerns the relative stability of a radical next to an ester oxygen compared to a radical next to an ester carbonyl carbon.
The stabilizing effect of the electron pairs of ether oxygen ...
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Synthesis of diethyloxalate from ethene
Outline the steps involved in the following transformation: $\ce{C2H4}$ to $\ce{(COOC2H5)2}$ (diethyl oxalate).
I am familiar with the transformation of $\ce{C2H4}$ to ethyl acetate $\ce{CH3COOC2H5}$ ...
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Can the RDS be different in different direction in a multi-step reversible reaction?
The following mechanism is given in Peter Sykes when they are "talking about de-esterification" of an ester where the alcohol part is bulky-
Here the second step is given as RDS. According ...
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On the use of hexane in the organic reduction by DIBAL-H
In some variations of the organic reduction by DIBAL-H, I've seen hexane used, as in this equation from this website;
I've looked it up, but I haven't seen any explanation for why hexane's used there....
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Comparison: Esterification with acyl chloride and alcohol vs Fischer esterification
I would like to know if there are more than mentioned pros and cons with the different methods in making an ester, and also ways to maximize product yield (comparing the two).
Fischer- Pros: cheap, ...
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Succinic anhydride esterification won't go forward
I'm trying to react succinic anhydride with a decyl alcohol to produce mono-decyl succinate. Literature and Google searches suggest that the monoesterification should proceed without catalyst. However ...
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While treating 4-aminophenol with acetic anhydride why does the reaction stop at Paracetamol and does not undergo esterification with acetic acid?
This needs a little background so I will be showing you a question from one of my Organic Chemistry problem books:-
Now, the book shows the answer as Option (c) which is Paracetamol.
I tried to work ...
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Red Compound from Glycine and Glycerol?
I got an unexpected reaction which I'm trying to explain to myself:
I mixed 10 parts glycerol with 1 part glycine at ~90C and to my great surprise the mixture turned from transparent to a tint of red. ...
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Why do amides require much harsher conditions for hydrolysis than esters?
Amides require much harsher conditions to hydrolyse than its ester homologue. An explanation given is that the orbitals holding the lone pair on the nitrogen overlaps with the C=O π-bond to give ...
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Nitration vs Nitrolysis
I am interested in nitrating an aromatic ester in a solution of dichloromethane. I found the following paper that describes creating a nitric acid solution in dichloromethane using KNO3 and sulfuric ...
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What is the name origin of ester?
Ester is quite a random nomenclature for a compound derived from a parent acid and parent alcohol.
Is there any reasoning behind using the word 'ester' to name such compound (for memorising purpose)?
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How can I solubilize fragrance oil into polyvinyl acetate/clear glue?
I'm a high school student who makes slime for fun, using polyvinyl acetate (PVA) glue and borax as my main ingredients.
Earlier, I had the idea of adding fragrance oils to clear glue. However, because ...
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Unusual hydrolysis of methyl 2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoate
Problem 223 from Conceptual Problems in Organic Chemsitry by Singh [1, p. 367]:
The given answer is b and I don't get why.
Usual ester hydrolysis would've given a.
I somehow managed to know that the ...
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What happens on heating an ester?
While solving a few questions a came across a problem which asked me what would happen when sec-butyl ethanoate was heated.
I had never read about this reaction before and took to researching through ...
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Interaction of trifluoroacetates with acetylcholinesterase
There exists a substance called TMTFA, or 3-(N,N,N-Trimethylammonio)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone. It is known for being able to inhibit acetylcholinesterase at femtomolar concentrations. The TMTFA-...
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Why ester reaction with one equivalent of Grignard reagent produces ketone?
While reviewing my old materials before an external exam which also covers these topic I stopped by one of the reactions - Grignard w/esters:
From what I remember, and what my notes are also telling ...
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Grignard alkoxide intermediate as starting material for ether or ester synthesis
I'm having a Grignard reaction between a ketone or aldehyde with RMgX in mind.
The average workup uses water to hydrolize the intermediate alkoxide. But could this intermediate be used without ...
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The IUPAC name of a multifunctional carboxylic acid compound [duplicate]
What is more preferred name when ester is present as junior functional group bis-carboxylic acid? (refer the image attached):
to count carbon of ester and consider two branches on it (one oxo and ...
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Is it necessary that hydrolysis of ester will only take place in excess of water?
I was given a question on chemical kinetics in which the statement was given-
"The Concentration of water in hydrolysis of ester does not change to much extent"
I marked the statement to be false ...
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Reactions involving carboxylic acids
The following question was given in FIITJEE study material:
I guess (i) step is de-esterification, which gives the compound of option (A).
In next step, I wouldn't expect it to decarboxylate, instead ...
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Specific reduction of certain functional groups
Consider the compound $\ce{Alkyl-(4 oxocyclopent-2-ene)carboxylate (A)}$. For example consider-
Now consider the operations:
$\ce{1. (A) + (i)BH3/THF (ii) H+}$
$\ce{2. (A) + H2/Pt}$
...
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Pyridinium ion in inositol nicotinate
I have read about inositol nicotinate which is used as a medication for deficiency in vitamin B-3. I think that if acetic acid was applied to this medication it would form pyridinium ion and acetate ...
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Preparation of compounds using acetoacetic ester synthesis
I've been given the following exercise in organic chemistry, and I'm at a complete loss. The text book doesn't cover the subject at all. I have some knowledge of melonic ester synthesis. As an ...
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What will be produced when sucrose and potassium bitartrate react with each other?
What would happen if sugar and cream of tartar react with each other? Would it create an ester?
$$\ce{KC4H5O6 + C12H22O11 -> KC16H21O14 + 3H2O}$$
Is this correct? If not, why?
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Reduction of ester / eneone in presence of epoxide
I want to reduce an ester and an eneone in the presence of a terminal epoxide.
I read on here @jerepierre did an ester in the presence of an epoxide with DIBAL.
I know the DIBAL works for my ester, ...
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Why can't carboxylic acid + NaH + tert-butyl bromide react to create an ester?
So, the picture I showed above asks for which reagents can form the ester product. I was wondering why D can't form it? I was thinking that first, the $\ce{NaH}$ would react with the carboxylic acid ...
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Mechanism of Acid Hydrolysis
I wanted to ask a question about acid catalysed hydrolysis.
I learnt in an introductory course to Physical Organic Chemistry that there are different ways that an ester can be hydrolysed acidically:
...
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Does boric acid catalyze esterifications with isopropanol?
I am going to synthetise isopropyl salicylate. From what I have read on phillysim.org (pdf) the formation of ethyl salicylate can be catalyzed by boric acid. I could use sulfuric acid but it would be ...
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Does this reaction require catalyst/solvent?
Planning on synthesising 2-formylphenyl benzoate by reacting benzoyl chloride with salicylaldehyde. Since both Benzoyl chloride and salicylaldehyde is liquid, will it require a catalyst/ solvent? Or ...
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Naming ester as a substituent to carboxylic acid
Can carboxylic acid functional group -COOH and ester's functional group R-COO-R' be in one structure? If yes, carboxylic acid will be the parent chain and ester will be the substituent as c.a. is ...
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Rate of hydrolysis of ester in presence of an acidic medium
Does the rate of hydrolysis of an ester depend on the concentration of both the ester and the acid, or only the ester?
I was told by my professor that hydrolysis of ester follows a pseudo-first order ...
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Using Wilkinson's Catalyst to reduce esters?
I was solving some questions on alcohols when I came upon a question in which it was asked that whether esters can be reduced using hydrogen in the prescence of wilkinson's catalyst.
Now I know that ...
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Final product when sp2 oxygen of acid is O18 in fischer esterification
In the question above, i was curious about option 3. If the carbonyl oxygen is O18, shouldn't half of the product we obtain contain O18 on the carbonyl since we have two possible leaving groups with ...
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Thermal decomposition of ester [closed]
I have a clear liquid with a faint sweet smell. I know this compound contains an aromatic group and an ester. However, something strange happens when I try to distill it - it forms a white solid. I ...
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Ester of glycerol and glyceric acid
What is the ester of glycerol ($\ce{C3H8O3}$) and glyceric acid ($\ce{C3H6O4}$)? I couldn't find any information about it online, so is this reaction even possible?
I'm not sure what would happen, ...
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Comparing acidity in 3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2(5H)-one and 2,3-dihydroxycyclopent-2-en-1-one
I have two compounds with two hydrogens namely (a),(b),(c) and (d). I have to compare the acidity of the following hydrogens.
My approach:
I removed the hydrogen atoms one by one and compared the ...
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Hybridization of carbon atoms present in the smallest ester?
I found this question in the Resonance DLPD Organic Chemistry book on Page 55:
What is the hybridization of carbon atoms present in the smallest ester?
The smallest ester as far as I know is ...
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Why doesn't self condensation occur in acetoacetic ester synthesis
So, I came across a quite versatile method to synthesize aldehydes and ketones, its called the Acetoacetic ester synthesis.
Suppose I need some 2-pentanone. So to synthesize it via this method I can ...
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Hydrolysis under basic medium
The first compound is said to be hydrolyzed more easily than the 2nd compound below under Alkaline medium . How is this possible ?
I thought due to resonance, -NO2 acquires negative charge which ...
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Are there amide versions of lactides and lactones?
In my book, I read that Lactides and lactones are cyclic esters which contain two and one ester group in them, respectively. They are formed when $\alpha$-hydroxy; and $\gamma$- or $\delta$- hydroxy ...
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Why mixture turns brown upon heating, during esterification with H2SO4?
In the lab I was synthesising an ester with sulphuric acid as a catalyst. However the mixture turned brown and my teacher said I had burnt the acid, but what does this actually mean?
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