Questions tagged [atomic-radius]

For questions about the atomic radius - a measure of the size of an atom, usually the mean or typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding "cloud" of electrons.

Filter by
Sorted by
Tagged with
0 votes
1 answer
165 views

Ionic radii of cations and anions

My textbook mentions that across a period from left to right, the ionic radius of atoms decreases. I'm a bit puzzled because negative ions in the same period have an extra shell. I get the part about ...
Andrés de Fonollosa's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
46 views

Does Cu+ have a greater ionic radius than Sr2+?

Although Strontium is in group 2, reducing the number of electrons as it becomes ionized makes it group 18, period 4 in terms of electrons. Therefore, ionized Strontium (Sr2+) is in the same period as ...
Woo Luke's user avatar
3 votes
4 answers
431 views

Comparison of atomic radii of boron and beryllium

Let me write down a couple of facts and this will be easier for you to know the essence of the question. Radius of boron is smaller than beryllium. Ionization energy of boron is smaller than ...
Matt's user avatar
  • 143
2 votes
0 answers
148 views

Size of Lanthanum

I was going through the values of atomic and covalent radii of the d-block elements. The atomic radii of $\ce {Sc},\ce {Y}$ and $\ce {La}$ are $164, 184$ and $187$ pm respectively (Source: Wikipedia). ...
algorhythm's user avatar
-3 votes
2 answers
128 views

Why does atomic radius decrease across periods? [closed]

My textbook says that this happens because the number of protons, and thus the total positive charge, increases - a greater attractive force acts on each electron. The book says that this is despite ...
Sak's user avatar
  • 21
0 votes
1 answer
416 views

How does O2- have the largest radius [closed]

Why is the correct option O^2-, aren't all of them equal since they all have the same number of energy shells and same number of electrons in them
foozi2007's user avatar
0 votes
2 answers
179 views

Why ionic radius increases with negative charge?

Here's my understanding: An ion with a negative charge has gained electrons. Hence the negative charge. With a greater negative charge, there should be more attraction towards the positive charge. As ...
Quin Gardiner Bax's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
341 views

If the effective nuclear charge of Beryllium(Be) is less than Sodium's(Na), how is the ionization energy of Be higher than Na?

According to Slater's rules the effective nuclear charge of Beryllium and Sodium is 1.95 and 2.20 respectively. That means that the outermost electron of Na feels a stronger attraction from the ...
CaptainAmerica Whyso's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
99 views

What role does atomic radius play in the strength of a covalent bond?

How exactly do atomic radii influence the strength of a covalent bond? For instance, if I had a carbon atom covalently bonding to a fictitious nonmetal atom $\ce{X}$ and another nonmetal atom $\ce{Y}$ ...
Shane's user avatar
  • 193
1 vote
1 answer
2k views

Compare the covalent character of ZnCl2, CdCl2,HgCl2

I want to know how to arrange the covalent character of ZnCl2, CdCl2, and HgCl2. By Fajans' rules, We know that a smaller cation equals higher covalent character. We also know that atomic size ...
Man's user avatar
  • 199
1 vote
0 answers
25 views

Which ionic radius is most relevant for anticipating co-crystalization?

In the context of anticipating the likeliness that elemental impurities co-crystalize into the crystals containing an element of similar radius (see this question), which is the relevant radii to ...
Hans's user avatar
  • 1,097
0 votes
2 answers
289 views

Proof for equation of radial probability distribution curve

So my textbook says the equation for this is $$P(r) = 4\pi r^2\Psi^2 $$ It also gives the volume of the shell formula $$\mathrm{d}V = \frac 43 \pi(r+\mathrm{d}r)^3 - \frac 43 \pi r^3$$ which I ...
G.S.'s user avatar
  • 11
1 vote
1 answer
4k views

Atomic Radius of Manganese and Chromium

It is clearly a general trend that the atomic radii of the 3d elements in ascending order of atomic weight, leads to the following trend as in the graph below. But, it was pointed out to me that, Mn ...
Solid - NMR's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
508 views

Ionic radii of transition metal ions in the presence of weak field and strong field ligands

‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎‎ In the graph given in this image,‎ I was told by my teacher‎ that whenever we start filling the eg orbitals there is an increase in the radius because these orbitals face the ligand directly ...
Beatle's user avatar
  • 1
1 vote
1 answer
1k views

Why are hydrated lithium ions' radii larger than hydrated sodium ions' radii?

Why are hydrated lithium ions' radii larger than hydrated sodium ions' radii i.e. $r_\ce{Li+(aq)}>r_\ce{Na+(aq)}$? If ionic radii increase down the group i.e. $r_\ce{Li+}<r_\ce{Na+}<r_\ce{K+}$...
user avatar
2 votes
3 answers
6k views

Which atom is the smallest atom?

Is hydrogen or helium the smallest atom? My teacher said that the smallest atom is the helium atom, but I think that the smallest atom is the hydrogen atom. It has a single electron and a single ...
user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
59 views

Comparing average radius of subshells for multielectron atoms

I recently came across a question comparing the average radius of subshells. A search on the internet gave the following result for single electron atoms: $$\langle r\rangle_{n,\,l}=\frac{a_0 n^2 \...
Govind's user avatar
  • 318
0 votes
1 answer
142 views

Height of FCC arrangement

I have read that height of HCP arrangement is given by $\mathrm{4r\sqrt{\frac23}}$ as distance between consecutive layers is $\mathrm{2r\sqrt{\frac23}}$(in both FCC and HCP). If that is the case, then ...
Roy Joseph's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
4k views

Effective nuclear charge on 3p electron of aluminum

Using Slater's rule I calculated the effective nuclear charge on 3p electron of aluminium as: Config: $\ce{1s^2 (2s^2 2p^6) (3s^2 3p^1)}$ $S = 2(0.35) + 8(0.85) + 2 = 9.5$ $Z_{eff} = Z - S = 3.5$ The ...
Joy's user avatar
  • 97
5 votes
1 answer
3k views

Why does magnesium have a greater ionization energy than lithium?

I'm a high school student and I'm learning about ionization energy and atomic radius of elements. I want to compare the ionization energy of lithium and magnesium. Here is the information provided in ...
Oshawott's user avatar
  • 281
4 votes
1 answer
602 views

Lother Mayer curve

While studying about atomic trends, I encountered the Lothar Meyer curve: If the covalent radius decreases across a period, why is the graph of atomic volume reaching local minima halfway in the ...
Shub's user avatar
  • 368
2 votes
1 answer
3k views

What is the average distance between electron 'shells' in an atom? Or between the innermost shell and the nucleus? [closed]

Somehow, I've never come across any mention of the actual, physical distances between, say the 1s and 2s shells in an atom, whether large or small.... I know that p, d and f (and g?) shells are oddly ...
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
  • 1,795
1 vote
1 answer
1k views

How is most probable radius in quantum mechanical model equal to Bohr's radius in hydrogen atom

Most probable radius in 1s orbital for hydrogen electron is $\pu{0.529E-10 m}$ which is Bohr radius. But energy of electron in hydrogen atom is proportional to mean radial distance in atom. In this ...
Hoor Tiku's user avatar
-5 votes
1 answer
96 views

what is the use of finding out the radius of an atom [closed]

I happen to come across this, but what is the radius of an atom, velocity, KE, PE, etc.. actually used for? like the formula r=0.529n^2/z and so on
Sanjay Ramlingam's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
725 views

Why is strontium(II) ion bigger than krypton atom?

$\ce{Sr^2+}$ is exactly the same as $\ce{Kr}$, in terms of electrons and orbitals. The only difference between the two, is that $\ce{Sr^2+}$ has a couple of extra protons in the nucleus (and probably ...
peppa's user avatar
  • 39
1 vote
0 answers
257 views

Why is the increase in covalent radius from As to Bi not as big as from N to P?

The following is the radius of Group $15$ elements: $$\begin{array}{c|c} \hline \text{Element} & \text{Covalent Radius }(\pu{pm}) \\ \hline \ce{N} &75 \\ \ce{P} &110 \\ \ce{As} &...
Kaushik's user avatar
  • 216
0 votes
0 answers
66 views

Why does dissolved oxygen concentration decrease with increasing atomic number of metals?

I am looking at how metal ions ($\ce{Fe^2+}$, $\ce{Ni^2+}$, $\ce{Cu^2+}$, $\ce{Zn^2+}$, and $\ce{Ag+}$) affect the biochemical oxygen demand in water and used the Winkler's method to find out the ...
user105060's user avatar
-2 votes
1 answer
319 views

Distance of subshells from nucleus [closed]

Which subshell is more closer to the nucleus.4f or 6s? 6s gets filled first so does it have to be more closer to the nucleus?
Shiv's user avatar
  • 101
0 votes
1 answer
76 views

Forcing atoms closer together [closed]

Is there a method in chemistry to alter the energy of atomic bonds by forcing atoms closer together in a smaller volume? Similar to how pressure squeezes atoms closer together.
G Gr's user avatar
  • 119
5 votes
1 answer
908 views

Covalent atomic radii: oxygen vs nitrogen

Many books state that $R_\ce{N} > R_\ce{O}$ which is in accordance with the general trend. However, some books say that $R_\ce{O} > R_\ce{N}$ because of repulsion caused by pairing of electrons. ...
DatBoi's user avatar
  • 264
1 vote
0 answers
32 views

Reason for needing multiple radii for the same atom [duplicate]

Why do we need different types of atomic radii? Why can't there be just one radii for an atom?
Tanmay Shukla's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
224 views

How to calculate electric force on valence electron?

In order to understand the periodic trends more fully, I wanted to calculate the net force exerted on the electron (with the highest principal quantum number and azimuthal quantum number) of an atom. ...
Pranav Jain's user avatar
1 vote
2 answers
927 views

How to compare size of subshells?

For the same principal quantum number, on increasing the value of the azimuthal quantum number does the average radius of the subshell increase or decrease? In other words, which out of, say, 3s, 3p, ...
Amadeus's user avatar
  • 333
0 votes
1 answer
156 views

In the gold foil experiment why didn't thallium form? [closed]

When alpha particles hit the gold nucleus shouldn't they form thallium. More over shouldn't it also ionize the gold or any atom it hits how does it remain unchanged unionized?
rightlifesavecompenthusiast's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
291 views

Why doesn't core charge increase down a group? [closed]

Atomic radius increases down a group because the electrons feel a lesser attraction to the positive nucleus (due to shielding from inner shells). Why then, doesn't core charge decrease seeing as core ...
An0n1m1ty's user avatar
  • 151
-2 votes
1 answer
33 views

How value of energy of elecron becomes more negative and radius of orbit decreases with increase in the value of atomic number? [closed]

I know how energy of elecron and radius of orbit depends upon principal quantum number......But how it depends upon atomic number?
Ayush's user avatar
  • 1
1 vote
0 answers
1k views

Why is the strontium ion smaller than the potassium ion? [closed]

The ionic radius of the $\ce{Sr^2+}$ ion is $\mathrm{132\,pm}$, while the ionic radius of the $\ce{K^+}$ ion is $\mathrm{152\,pm}$. Why is this the case? I would have thought that since $\ce{K^+}$ has ...
Zander's user avatar
  • 19
6 votes
1 answer
2k views

Why is platinum denser than gold?

The atomic masses of gold and platinum are 196.96657 u and 195.084 u respectively, meaning that (on average) an individual gold atom is heavier than an individual platinum atom. At the same time, the ...
Shubhang Walavalkar's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
179 views

True muonium energy levels [closed]

In a true muniom(muon-antimuon atom) do the energy levels match with that of the hydrogen's? The core is lighter for about 100 times but the muon is 100 times heavier than the electron so it would ...
Jelly Strawberry's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
746 views

Shielding effect of d electrons

In transition elements shielding effect is observed . Due to this zinc shows abnormality in atomic size. But at the same time we also say that gallium has same similar size as aluminium due to poor ...
Akshat's user avatar
  • 89
2 votes
1 answer
128 views

Shielding effects and atomic size [closed]

The atomic size on going from aluminum to gallium decreases because of poor shielding effect of the $(n-1)d$ electrons, but on going from copper to zinc, the size increases due to the same shielding ...
Aryan goyal's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
6k views

Comparison between van der Waals radius and metallic radius

I was reading about different types of atomic radius. It was written that if any atom can possess all the three types of radius, then van der Waals radius will be greater than metallic radius. However ...
utkarsh bhatt's user avatar
0 votes
1 answer
175 views

Size of atomic shells

Is the distance of some $n^{th}$ shell ($n$ $\neq$ outermost shell) from the nucleus of an atom different for different elements? If so, then how much is the difference or how could we calculate it?
GouravM's user avatar
  • 31
0 votes
1 answer
397 views

Bohr's postulate of quantisation of angular momentum

The Bohr's postulate of quantisation of angular momentum can be written in a formula as $mvr = nh/(2π)$ where $m$ is mass of electron $v$ is its velocity $r$ is the radius of that shell $h$ is Plank's ...
Rew's user avatar
  • 249
-1 votes
1 answer
2k views

Do K+ and F- ions have the same ionic radii? [closed]

Since fluorine and potassium form ions to gain the electronic configuration of neon and argon respectively, then shouldn’t $\ce{K+}$ have a greater radius, as argon is larger than neon? Also which ...
Aditya 's user avatar
  • 202
0 votes
1 answer
1k views

H and H- atomic and ionic radius [closed]

A hydrogen anion has a bigger radius than neutral H . Why is this happening ? I mean both electrons exist at the same shell so this is not it. Both H- and H have 1 proton so this is not it as well . ...
Engineer's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
97 views

Do external electronic shells influence internal ones?

There is a well-known electron shielding effect: negatively-charged internal electronic shell screens external shells from positive nuclei, thus increasing their radii. Thus, 2S orbital radius of Li ...
Alexander Olikevich's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
172 views

What will happen if electron as a wave undergo destructive interference while travelling in its Orbit?

Today I came across a justification of Bohr's angular momentum quantization using the De- Broglie's hypothesis. The justification said that since the electrons are having wave nature also then while ...
Tushar's user avatar
  • 629
2 votes
0 answers
142 views

Why are atomic radii calculations all over the map? [closed]

If you look up an element on Wikipedia, it will list covalent, ionic, Van Der Waals, high-and-low -spin, and finally 'empirical atomic radius'. Then, on the page for atomic radius, the chart of '...
Kurt Hikes's user avatar
  • 1,795
1 vote
0 answers
436 views

Relationship between electronegativity and atomic radius [closed]

Would someone please explain in detail the relationship between the two? I understand that atomic radius is related to ionisation energy but I can't see how atomic radius may be related to ...
Clement Maximilian Guinard's user avatar