Questions tagged [alcohols]
For questions about saturated and unsaturated alcohols, their physical properties, their reactions, etc. For questions about phenol, use the [phenols] tag instead.
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Transposition in vicinal diols dehydration
In this reaction, I don't know how I could place a methyl in the benzyl carbon. My first idea was to treat the compound with OsO4/H2O2 to form the vicinal diol, and then dehydrate in acidic medium and ...
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1answer
43 views
Which has a greater dipole moment: methylamine or methanol? [closed]
Which has a greater dipole moment: methylamine $(\ce{CH3NH2})$ or methanol $(\ce{CH3OH})?$
3
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1answer
55 views
Mass Spectra: 1-pentanol vs 3-pentanol
In mass spectrometry, 1-pentanol can be observed to have no peak at $m/z = 59$, whilst 3-pentanol can be observed to have a peak at $m/z = 59$.
Clearly the 3-pentanol peak at $m/z = 59$ is due to the ...
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1answer
47 views
Mechanism of the reaction of cyclohexanol and concentrated nitric acid to form adipic acid [closed]
If someone could please give me the hint to how the initial attack is carried out, it'd be a huge help.
3
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1answer
125 views
Is Pinacol rearrangement the source for the ring expansion?
I have no idea what's happening as in the product (the answer is (a)) there is a new ring being formed on the left benzene. But as I studied after $\ce{H2O}$ leaves, a carbocation is then formed on ...
4
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1answer
52 views
Reduction of an Allylic Enoate to afford allylic alcohol in presence of Benzyl Acetal Groups
I have a question that requires finding a reagent for the reduction of an enoate to the corresponding allylic alcohol. Preferably done in one step too with an acid workup at the end too.
What types ...
4
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2answers
360 views
Taking volume contraction into account when mixing water with ethanol
To calculate the amount of purified water and the amount of ethanol (96% Vol.) which is needed for a desired/variable amount of a mixture - given a desired/variable percentage of ethanol - I use the ...
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0answers
25 views
Does myristyl glucoside contain alcohol? [closed]
I read that "myristyl glucoside is a product obtained by the condensation of myristyl alcohol with aglucose polymer." Does that mean that alcohol is part of the final product/myristyl glucoside itself?...
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25 views
What exactly is an 'activated' alcohol? Benzylic vs. Allylic vs. Aliphatic
I'm currently writing a report about the oxidations of various alcohols using different catalytic systems. In all papers it is stated that benzylic and allylic alcohols are "activated", while ...
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0answers
34 views
Rate determining step in oxidation of alcohols using chromium-related compounds
I wanted to ask a question about the kinetics of an oxidation reaction using chromium reagents.
I was given a lecture today on the mechanism of alcohol oxidations using Chromate (VI) reagents:
My ...
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1answer
77 views
What does ethylene glycol decompose to when exposed to air for an extended period of time?
I came across this article on wikipedia on ethylene glycol stating that it decomposes fairly quickly. I was under the impression that ethylene glycol was dangerous to let leach into soil, but I think ...
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1answer
56 views
What should be the name of the given compound?
Following compound is named as
(1) 6-Mercaptocyclohex-4-ene-1,3-diol
(2) 1-Mercaptocyclohex-2-ene-4,6-diol
(3) 1-Mercaptocyclohex-5-ene-2,4-diol
(4) 4-Mercaptocyclohex-2-ene-1,5-diol ...
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40 views
Is the reaction of anhydrous aluminium(III) chloride and anhydrous ethanol reversible?
I'm planning an experiment that I'll do in silico in the near future, and one of the steps involves the extraction of the $\ce{AlCl3 · C2H5OH}$ adduct without any water in it.
Can the ethanol be ...
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1answer
97 views
Do secondary alcohols react faster than primary alcohols or is it the other around? [closed]
My questions is that do secondary alcohols react faster than primary alcohols or is it the other around? This for the oxidation of the alcohol to a ketone or an aldehyde.
This reaction is with KMnO4 ...
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2answers
82 views
Alkene reaction with acid via SN1 reaction
I want to ask a question about alkenes and their reactivity with acids.
From high school studies, I recall that if you had an acid $\ce{H3O+}$ i.e. $H^+$ that it would react with an alkene as shown ...
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0answers
36 views
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of Alcohol
What is the final product?
According to me, it's option (3). But given answer in the booklet is (2).
Given primary alcohol undergoes SN2 reaction to produce isopentyl bromide and the latter again ...
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1answer
31 views
Ingredients for cleaning optical elements
I have recently purchased a cleaning solution for precision optics which has the following ingredients (amounts were not specified):
Ethyl Alcohol
Methylethylketon
Aqua
Diethyl Ether
Isopropyl
...
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0answers
30 views
When alcohol is used to sterilize, what about it changes that it can't be re-used? [closed]
I read online that when you use regular household rubbing alcohol to soak something for sterilization purposes, you're then supposed to toss it out. I'm just curious why.
Like, as long as there's a ...
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1answer
96 views
Which reaction occurs first when 5-hexen-1-ol reacts with sulfuric acid?
I am trying to solve this question:
Find the major product of the following reaction:
Now we could either do electrophilic addition on the alkene or do dehydration of alcohol. These two ...
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2answers
594 views
Why doesn't ethanol dissolve in sodium bicarbonate?
Today I experimented with different solvents and solutes and was a bit surprised by one result. When I added ethanol to dilute sodium bicarbonate and tapped the test tube against my palm to mix it, I ...
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1answer
60 views
What is an example of an isopropyl alcohol resistant caulk?
What is a caulk (or bonding adhesive) that can be exposed permanently submerged in an isopropyl alcohol (>91%) bath?
The idea came from this previous question:
Silicone vs Alcohol
It seems from one ...
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0answers
18 views
How to confirm experimentally that a hemi-acetal compound has formed?
I have read that under mildly acidic or alkaline conditions alcohols can attack aldehydes/ketones to produce hemi-acetals. But the reaction is reversible, so the reactants and the hemia-cetal are in ...
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0answers
71 views
Alcohol Nonmeclature - Organic Chemistry
I'm new to organic chemistry and having some trouble naming alcohols. I came across this molecule, I believe it's name is 3-ethyl 2-pentanol, but my online checker system is saying that I am wrong. Am ...
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27 views
Diketone intramolecular reaction question
I realize that one of the methyl groups on either carbonyl compound will become deprotonated and then it will attack the other carbonyl to form a pentane ring. However, with the methyl group in the ...
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1answer
125 views
Role of hcl gas in organic reactions [closed]
I encountered many questions in the competitive exam field of high school organic chemistry where we add some compounds and treat it in excess alcohol solutions in the presence of dry hcl gas, it is ...
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0answers
43 views
Hemiacetal formation mechanism
The question is asking which reagents can be used to carry out this reaction. I get the L (PCC) is used to turn the primary alcohol into an aldehyde. However, I believe that is not the only reagent ...
3
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0answers
56 views
Ethyl acetate produces red colour on ceric ammonium nitrate test
When I did CAN test on ethyl acetate red colour was seen. I thought water may get added with Ethyl acetate to produce
this compound which in turn gave red coloration but carbon should not make three ...
5
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2answers
657 views
Why is the Lucas test not recommended to differentiate higher alcohols?
I read about the Lucas test for alcohols in which a cloudy precipitate is produced with a tertiary or secondary alcohol. However, on a side note it was mentioned that this test is useful only for ...
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1answer
185 views
Doubts Regarding Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Test for Alcohols
I read about Ceric Ammonium Nitrate Test for Alcohols and a red colour is produced if the solution has an alcohol functional group however as a side note it was mentioned that this test is only useful ...
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1answer
75 views
Neutralize the smell of alcohol in liquid chalk
i'm trying to mix my own liquid chalk, which is a simple mixture of chalk and a high percentage alcohol in a ~2 part chalk 1 part alcohol relation.
Unfortunately the smell is rather intensive and I ...
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1answer
53 views
Is there an easy way to detect methanol in spirits (which may have been adulterated)?
Is there an easy way to detect methanol in spirits, which, you suspect, may have been adulterated?
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1answer
85 views
Synthesis of phenethyl alcohol from benzene
How can I make phenethyl alcohol $(\ce{C6H5CH2CH2OH})$ from benzene?
I have got information that phenethyl alcohol is made from benzene by Friedel-Crafts reaction between benzene and ethylene oxide ...
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0answers
45 views
Does 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-ol give a positive Lucas test?
I learnt that the Lucas test involves the formation of a carbocation and it gives a positive test based on the stability of the carbocation formed, and hence primary alcohols do not show turbidity (...
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1answer
215 views
Does benzene react with steam to create an alcohol?
Benzene has a molecular formula of $\ce{C6H6},$ right? Surely it has some alkene-like properties because of the double bonds, so can it undergo a hydration reaction to create alcohol?
2
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1answer
75 views
Reaction between 1-methylcyclopentanol and potassium permanganate
In my basic organic chemistry class, I learned that only primary and secondary alcohols undergo oxidation (using $\ce{KMnO4}$).
However, what is the outcome of reacting tertiary alcohol (1-...
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1answer
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List of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol [closed]
Is there a list of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols examples anywhere?
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1answer
383 views
Enthalpy of combustion of 1-butanol
1-butanol $\ce{C4H10O}$
So I have absolutely no idea how to find the enthalpy and I did some looking on the internet with no use since I don't understand.
I came here hoping someone generous could ...
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0answers
36 views
Comparing the emission spectrum of ethanol and mixture of alcohols
Sorry if this question has a simple answer, but I've been unable to find it elsewhere.
Using a diffraction grating, burning ethanol (99.9%) will produce a rainbow of colours. However, when burning ...
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1answer
545 views
what is mechanism for reaction phenol + dimethylsulphate -> anisole
Dimethyl sulphate breaks the oh bond and forms anisole. How does the reaction proceed?? is it oxygen lone pair attacks on sulphur which has partial positive charge?? the reaction takes place in ...
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0answers
59 views
Oxidation of diols to dialdehydes
How could 1,4-butanediol be converted to 1,4-butandial (succinic aldehyde)? I thought of simple oxidation with CuO but apparently it yields gamma-butyryllactone according to erowid (https://erowid.org/...
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1answer
3k views
Isopropyl Alcohol leaves a white haze on plastic, is there anything I can use to clean it off?
Recently I wanted to clean up some lubricant on some keyboard switches. On some forums, an Isopropyl alcohol bath was recommended so I decided to give that a try and went to purchase some 91% ...
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0answers
124 views
Why mixing water with ethanol produces heat energy? [closed]
Sorry if I'm asking something stupid but I'm trying to understand where this energy gets from. As far as I could find, it is not a reaction as both chemicals left unchanged, so it might have something ...
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0answers
22 views
Is there a simpler way to detect alcohol in a blood sample using IR spectroscopy?
I have seen all sorts of ways to detect alcohol using NIRS (Near InfraRed Spectrscopy) or FTIR, but they are all quite complicated in that they are using and analyzing a very wide spectrum. In ...
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0answers
28 views
Why does energy need to be “compensated” in order for solvation to occur?
I am currently learning about the physical properties of alcohols.
I understand that the main intermolecular forces between alcohols and water are hydrogen bonds. When these two are mixed, the ...
4
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2answers
214 views
Mechanism of ring formation of an epoxide under acidic aqueous conditions
I am trying to figure out the mechanism of this reaction:
I think the $\ce{H+}$ will first attack the oxygen of the epoxide and another $\ce{OH-}$ will be added to the most substituted carbocation, ...
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1answer
61 views
Can you lower the alcohol concentration of a drink using vegetable oils?
The log POW of ethanol is −0.18 according to Wikipedia, i.e. in a two-phase system ethanol would preferrably accumulate in the aqueous phase, but not by much.
Suppose I wanted to lower the alcohol ...
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0answers
24 views
Using Wilkinson's Catalyst to reduce esters?
I was solving some questions on alcohols when I came upon a question in which it was asked that whether esters can be reduced using hydrogen in the prescence of wilkinson's catalyst.
Now I know that ...
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1answer
163 views
Why primary alcohol follows SN1 mechanism?
Example 2: Identify all the products formed in the following reaction and indicate the major product.
Solution: Three products will be formed in the given reaction as shown below:
In ...
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344 views
Why is Lithium Chloride (LiCl) soluble in alcohols?
According do J.D. Lee's Concise Inorganic Chemistry, LiCl is soluble in alcohols because it has some covalent nature, althought it is mainly polar.
Why would LiCl have covalent character? Why doesn't ...
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0answers
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Potassium ethoxide
Is it possible to make potassium ethoxide by mixing $\ce{KOH}$ and $\ce{EtOH}$ in the presence of a dehydrating agent like $\ce{MgSO4}$ or $\ce{CaO}$ or $\ce{K2CO3}$?
The easy way is adding metallic ...
