Questions tagged [alcohols]
For questions about saturated and unsaturated alcohols, their physical properties, their reactions, etc. For questions about phenol, use the [phenols] tag instead.
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Effect of Steric Hindrance in Pinacol-Pinacolone Rearrangement
In the acid catalysed rearrangement of vicinal diols to carbonyl compounds which is pinacol-pinacole rearrangement,
The migratory order of the groups is H>Aryl>Alkyl
My question is that how aryl ...
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Alcohol preparation process
Currently Studying in high school, I encountered a reaction in organic chemistry. I got a reaction in which alcohol(ethanol) was dehydrated to form unsaturated hydrocarbon(ethene) and water. I wanted ...
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Creation of a Solution of Liquid Latex + Sodium Caseinate with Polyvinyl Alcohol
I am going to be experimenting with creating different types of liquid latex formulations, primarily for the purposes of increasing shear strength and tear resistance, as well as just general ...
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Boiling point of pentanol isomers
Arrange the following alchohols and alkanes in increasing order of boiling point:
3-pentanol, n-pentane, 2,2-dimethylpropanol, n-pentanol
I understand that n-pentane would have the lowest boiling ...
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Can I make orthophosphoric acid from sodium dihydrogen phosphate and an acid which I can use to make ethyl iodide?
For my project I needed to di-substitute benzamide with ethyl group at N position to create DEB as a mosquito repellent. The first part of creating benzamide I was able to do, but the second part of ...
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What is the rate of hydration in the following compounds
I came across a question :
What is the order of rate of hydration in the following compounds:
My attempt to this question was checking the stability of carbocation. As III has a possibility of 3* ...
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What mechanism do reaction of PCl5 follows, SNi or SN2?
I was taught that $\ce{PCl5}$ reacts with alcohols by $S_Ni$ mechanism as shown below:
Here it can be seen that $\ce{PCl5}$ exists as $\ce{[PCl4]+[PCl6]-}$ and so lone pair of the alcohol is donated ...
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Make ethanol with sourdough [closed]
I have seen a lot of videos on internet and to make ethanol they ferment sugar with yeast but is it possible to ferment sugar using sourdough ?
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Why is there difference in reactions in alcoholic and aqueous medium while both are polar protic solvents?
We use an alcoholic medium for reactions in which we want to prevent the characteristics of the anionic species and an aqueous medium for the reactions in which we want to control the activity of the ...
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Why does brandy have a higher methanol-to-ethanol ratio than beer, despite the distillation?
From my googling, beer tends to contain around 16mg/L of methanol. While for brandy, typical methanol content is around 1000mg/L (give or take a factor of 3, depending) The distillation that brandy ...
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Can diols be oxidised to hydroxyacids? [closed]
Conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid
$
\ce{CH3CH2OH_{(aq)}
\xrightarrow[KMnO^{-}_{4}]{NaOH}
CH3CHO_{(aq)} + H2O_{(l)}
}\\
$
$\ce{CH3CHO_{(aq)} + H+_{(aq)}
\xrightarrow[KMnO^{-}_{4}]{HCl}
...
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Predict the products of organic reaction sequence
This is a reaction sequence involving alcohols, phenols, halides, alkenes ,alkanes etc , and the task is to identify all the compounds A to E
The few things I was able to identify :
The compound C ...
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Why does Alcohol-Dehydrogenase prefer ethanol over methanol?
So I've had this experiment at university, where we tried using (yeast) ADH on different alcohols and measuring which one gets turned over the fastest. We also learned that ADH prefers shorter ...
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How does sodium react with methanol?
Strong acids of $\ce{AH}$ type readily dissociate to its constituent ions (considering the solvent is water): $\ce{A-}$ and $\ce{H+}$. But the mechanism of the reaction between sodium metal and ...
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Protecting Thiol group in presence of alcohol
What protecting group can I use that will protect the thiol in the presence of an alcohol? Is there a set of conditions, or a group that I can use that is selective to the thiol over the alcohol?
I am ...
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Mysterious violet-purple compound in "Gerber Method" & "Banana oil synthesis"
During the determination of fat in milk (Gerber method), in a milk butyrometer are mixed milk + $\ce{H2SO4}$ 90% w/w + isoamyl alcohol (isopentyl alcohol) and heating.
The acidic mixture separates ...
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What would be the correct IUPAC name of this compound? [duplicate]
How many carbon atoms will be there in the parent carbon chain? I have proposed its few names, which one is more appropriate?
4-Chloro-3-ethyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-butan-1-ol
3-(1-Chloromethyl)-2-(1-...
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What happens if you carbonate ethanol?
The electronics youtuber bigclivedotcom has an on-and-off-again series where he carbonates various types of alcohol and comments on the taste. One thing he's noticed is that the stronger the alcohol, ...
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Why does Methanol have a higher surface tension than Ethanol? [closed]
I am researching the surface tension of different alcohols and found something odd: the surface tension of Methanol was higher than that of Ethanol, which doesn't make sense to me. My understanding is ...
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Flash point of naptha and propanol
I filled a Zippo lighter with 2-propanol and it lit up easily when the ambient temperature was around 6-7 degrees Celsius.
It was impossible to light it up when the temperature was around 3-4 degrees ...
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reaction of PCl5 with alcohol [closed]
I am able to think of two possible mechanisms for alcohol+PCl5 here, SN1 and SN2. In SN1, Inversion won't occur whereas, in SN2 inversion will occur. Which of the two is correct?
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Why is Quinone used, while oxidising primary alcohols by Oppenauer Oxidation, instead of Acetone? [closed]
Usually, during Oppenauer Oxidation, while oxidising secondary alcohols, acetone solution is used with Aluminium Tertiary Butoxide.
This results into the oxidation of secondary alcohol into a ketone, ...
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Ion from unsaturated ether
As far as I am concerned, from unsaturated primary/secondary amines (enamines) we obtain imines, like we do obtain carbonyls from enols, by tautomerism. For tertiary enamines, we have a corresponding ...
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Why don’t Grignard reagants react with their alcohol products?
I’ve read that Grignard reagants react pretty quickly with alcohols and carboxylic acids to form their respective conjugate bases. I’ve also learned that Grignards can be used for the prepararion of ...
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Protonation in acid-catalyzed nucleophilic attack of alcohol on carbonyl
When studying acid-catalyzed nucleophilic attack of alcohol on carbonyl, I got puzzled by the first protonation step. In textbooks, they often show that the first step is to protonate the carbonyl ...
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Mechanism for a reaction of reduced fluorophenol with BF3?
In the given question, $\ce{BF3}$ will act as an electrophile. Will it form $\ce{BF4-}$ and leave a positive charge on the carbocation to which $\ce F$ was attached or react with $\ce{OH}$. It will ...
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How did you convert primary alcohol using HCl (with ZnCl2)?
I kinda feel weird for this type of question. When primary OH (alcohol) is converted with HCl (with ZnCl2), how did the free Cl-ion come from? If, it is came from HCl, since when we get rid of the H ...
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Feasibility comparison of symmetric ether synthesis and HCl + alcohol SN2 reactions
According to Solomons & Fryhle 10$^{th}$ edition Ch 11.8,
Because the chloride ion is a weaker nucleophile than bromide or iodide ions, hydrogen chloride doesn't react with primary/secondary ...
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Why does "bis-tris propane" have two pKa values?
Wikipedia gives two pKa values for "Bis-tris propane".
What about bis-tris-propane gives this compound two pKa values where other compounds have only one? How am I to choose which pKa value ...
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Can someone explain the chemistry around adding Isopropyl Alcohol to water contaminated gasoline - how does the IPA 'remove' water from the gas?
So there are many products on the market sold as fuel additives; some (like 'Heet' brand) are nothing more than 99.9% isopropyl alcohol in a nice package.
When trying to understand how they work and ...
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Does the ‘e’ from ‘-yne’ get dropped in compounds of higher functional groups?
What is the way of representing a triple bond in a compound of a higher functional group, like alcohol? Does the ‘e’ from ‘-yne’ get dropped like in the case of the ‘-ene’ suffix?
For example, would ...
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How to calculate composition of alcohol/water mixture to achieve given concentration of alcohol vapors in air for calibrating a DIY breathalyzer?
I made a breathalyzer using a MiCS-5524 gas sensor. I would like to calibrate it so it can be close to accurate. e2v technologies — MiCS Application Note 4, Using MiCS Sensors for Alcohol Detection (...
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Oxidation of Methanol - how to write the half reaction
I am trying to write the half reaction equations for:
$$\ce{CH3OH + O2 -> HCOOH + H2O}$$
The primary goal for me here is to find out which reactant is oxidising without using prior knowledge of ...
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Why is it not possible for water to directly attach itself to the alkene to form an alcohol in oxymercuration? What is the need for mercuric acetate?
When going through the preparation of alcohols, I came across the method of Oxymercuration-Demercuration.
Now, after going over the reaction, I didn't understand the purpose of the mercuric acetate ...
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Which 1,2-methylene shift is more favourable in ring expansions where ring has substituents
In the above reaction, first the -OH group is protonated after which it leaves creating a carbocation intermediate as shown
Now, ring expansion is a more favourable rearrangement, however there is a ...
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What's a good high precision analysis technique (after GC) to measure trace isopropanol in water samples?
Looking to measure trace IPA content in water samples.
Only GC I have access to doesn't take samples with water. Different columns not an option.
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Is formation of cyclic carbonate from trimethyl orthoformate and vicinal aromatic 1,2-diol possible? [closed]
Hello, my question is, "is it possible cyclic carbonate formation between trimethyl orthoformate and vicinal aromatic 1,2-diol"
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How is Magnesium Ethoxide appropriately prepared, stored and used to dry ethanol?
I found many procedures vaguely describing the preparation of magnesium ethoxide from elemental magnesium in excess dry ethanol in the presence of I2 as activator (in absence of air), I also know that ...
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Reaction between 1,2-bis(buta-1,3-dien-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-ol and potassium hydride in THF
Which product is formed in the following reaction?
I am quite certain that we deal with an oxy-Cope rearrangement that works at room temperature, but I don’t know how to draw the product given the ...
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How is the intermediate compound 2-chloropropan-1,3-diol is formed when hypochlorous acid is added to allyl alcohol in the preparation of glycerol?
The expected product is 3-chloropropan-1,2-diol since secondary carbocation is more stable than primary but it is not formed.
I have surfed the internet a lot regarding this and none seems to be a ...
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Can a hydroxyl group be attached to a triple bonded (sp hybridized) carbon?
Alcohols are defined as organic compounds containing one or more than one hydroxyl group attached to a sp3 hybridized carbon atom.
And it is mentioned in the book I am referring to [errorless ...
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Why don't secondary alcohols react with HBr/HI via SN2?
In polar protic solvents, $\ce{Br-}$ and $\ce{I-}$ are considered to be very good nucleophiles. Now, here the solvent is alcohol which is polar protic. So, why don't secondary alcohols react with $\ce{...
user121185
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How to synthesize 1,1,1-trichloro-2,4-dimethylpentan-2-ol from methyl isobutyl ketone?
Chlorobutanol can be made with chloroform and acetone in the presence of potassium or sodium hydroxide. Would it work with other ketones such as methyl isobutyl ketone to yield 1,1,1-trichloro-2,4-...
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Acidification of a vicinal diol [duplicate]
The following is a question from Advanced problems in organic chemistry by MS Chouhan:
The options given are:
My initial thought was that this could be a pinacol–pinacolone rearrangement. However ...
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Comparison of boiling points between 2‐butanol and isobutanol
Which has higher boiling points among butan‐2‐ol (1) and 2‐methylpropan‐1‐ol (2)?
I know that branching decreases the boiling points, but I want to know how position of substituents affects the ...
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Reduction of unsymmetrical ketones using BINAL-H (Enantioselectivity)
I am struggling with a problem regarding the enantioselectivity of BINAL-H for quite some time now.
The reaction scheme shows the reaction with (S)-BINAL-H as it is observed plus the transition state ...
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Does yeast, sugar and water really produce any noticable/significant amounts of methanol?
I just read this question on Quora about distilling during pre-industrial age, which reminded me about multiple discussions I have heard or read during the years about whether the fermentation process ...
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Where in the apartment to store isopropyl alcohol
I want to have some 99% isopropyl alcohol for cleaning purposes and I'm wondering where to store it since in my apartment I don't have a storage room or much space.
I've read it needs to be air tight ...
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Are intermediate bulk container units suitable for storage of isopropyl alcohol? [closed]
I'm working in water treatment construction and my boss is going to be stocking isopropyl alcohol (IPA).
He wants to store the chemical in bulk, with amounts ranging from 5000 L to 10000 L in IBC ...
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Which is more acidic alcohol or ketone? [closed]
I have read about it and i found that the alcohol is more acidic, but isn't the conjugate base produced from losing the alpha hydrogen of the ketone more stable ?!
The negative charge in this ...
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