Questions tagged [acid-base]
This tag should be applied to questions concerning acid and base reactions. An acid is capable of donating a hydron/ proton (Brønsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid). A base on the other hand is a chemical species/ molecular entity having an available pair of electrons capable of forming a covalent bond with a hydron/ proton (Brønsted base) or with the vacant orbital of some other species (Lewis base).
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What happens when sodium hydroxide is dissolved in butane 1 ol [closed]
Is NaOH soluble? Effect of resulting mixtures on litmus paper,is the reaction endothermic or exorthemic
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Help Unknown alkaline Probe reacts strangely with H2SO4 [closed]
I am a chemistry student currently having my first lab course. For every exercise we get a mysterious probe which could be any of the chemicals used for that specific exercise. During my last exercise ...
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How can HCO3- be a weak base while H2CO3 is a weak acid? [closed]
If HCO3- is relatively unstable compared to H2CO3 (making H2CO3 a weak acid), wouldn't that make H2CO3 relatively stable compared to HCO3-, making HCO3- a strong base?
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Does hydrogen chloride(HCl gas) react with metals?
I searched and couldn't find any reactions of gaseous $\ce{HCl}$. Only reactions of aqueous $\ce{HCl}$ are found. Can anyone help me regarding gaseous $\ce{HCl}$? Do metals react with $\ce{HCl}$ gas ...
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Between ortho fluoro phenol and ortho chloro phenol which one is more acidic? [closed]
There is intramolecular hydrogen bonding in ortho fluoro phenol and also in ortho chloro phenol.But due to more electronegativity nature of Fluorine it's Hydrogen Bonding is stronger than Chlorine . ...
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To mix sodium borohydride and boric acid [closed]
What concentration of 50ml boric acid should I make to mix with 50ml sodium borohydride, so that the total concentration is 1mM? What should be the individual concentrations of the solutions to make a ...
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Ca(OH)2 not dissolving even as much as it should
according to solubility charts Ca(OH)2 should dissolve at 20-25 oC at about 1.6g per litre. I have tried 0.8, 0.4 and 0.2g in 500ml and even the 0.2 does not completely dissolve, even left overnight. ...
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Why is quinuclidine more basic than triethylamine? [duplicate]
I am trying to compare the basic strength of two similar amines
Usually this is done by comparing the relative stability of the ion formed on the protonation of nitrogen's lone pair.
This can be done ...
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Can a multimeter be used to measure PH?
I would like to feed my garden a solution of water and Trisodium Phosphate (TSP), but I am uncertain of the correct amount of TSP to water ratio. Too acidic or too basic of a solution can harm my ...
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How do I find pH of an extremely low molarity strong acid? [duplicate]
Given
$$[HNO_{3}] = 4.53(10)^{-10},$$ find the pH of the acid. $K_{a}$ is not given, and it is at 25 degrees celsius.
Because the molarity is very low, as in less than 10^-6, the teacher tells us that ...
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crystalline form of HCl
HCl is a covalent compound.
I do not understand why HCl cannot exist as an ionic compound with the combination of hydrogen ions and chloride ions. Is it a matter of electronegativity?
I have once ...
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Hydrolyse Phosphonate diester to free phosphonic acid under relatively mild conditions?
I want to hydrolyse a phosphonic acid diethylester to the corresponding free phosphonic acid. In the literature, it is described, that usually strongly basic or acidic conditions are utilized to ...
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Production of sulphuric acid
To my knowledge, sulphuric acid is produced by complex industrial processes like contact process.
The following structure shows a sulphate ion.
I wonder why sulphuric acid cannot be produced through ...
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Why do buffer solution only maintain pH to a certain limit?
I know that buffers have a capacity after which they are not able to maintain a relatively stable pH. This capacity is exceeded when we add too much acid or base but I was wondering why does this ...
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Calculating the pH after adding hydrochloric acid to the potassium hydrogen phosphate solution
I am trying to calculate the $\mathrm{pH}$ of a solution obtained by mixing $\pu{20.00 mL}$ of $\pu{0.2 M}$ potassium hydrogen phosphate solution and $\pu{10.00 mL}$ of $\pu{0.25 M}$ hydrochloric acid ...
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dilution and pH and pOH
The question is: given a $10$ ml solution with pH = $12.3$, which is then diluted to a $100$ ml solution, find the pH of the new solution. My attempt was as follows:
[H$_3$O$^+$] = $10^{-12.3}$, and $...
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Why this Lewis structure for HNO3 nitric acid is wrong? [closed]
I know that this Lewis structure of HNO3 is wrong, but I don't know the reason why, except that here the side atoms (oxygen) are connected via a bond. This structure fulfills the octet rule and also ...
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Acidity of metronidazole
Metronidazole has two $\mathrm{p}K_\mathrm{a}$ values: $2.57$ and $15.42.$ The basic group is the imidazole moiety. Does metronidazole have acidic groups?
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Are there LCMS compatible buffer systems available for the high pH range 12-14?
I want to perform chemical stability studies for different pH Values. To achieve pH Values from 1 to 6 I can prepare solutions with trifluoric acid and formic acid and ammonium formate and acetate. I ...
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How does adding sulfuric acid to water affect the specific heat capacity of the solution? [closed]
How does adding diffrent concentrations of sulfuric acid to water affect the specific heat capacity of the solution?
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At 80°C a solution having pH = 7 is? [closed]
When I came across this question I couldn't understand whether, they are asking the nature of solution at 25°C which has pH = 7 at 80°C or nature of solution at 80°C which has pH = 7 at 25°C ?
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Preparation of copper carbonate from copper acetate and sodium carbonate
I reacted copper acetate with sodium carbonate. It formed a mixture of sodium hydroxide, copper carbonate, copper acetate, and copper oxide. I wanted to know if there is a process to remove the sodium ...
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What green and orange solids did I get when I mixed copper acetate and sodium carbonate?
I tried to make copper carbonate by mixing copper acetate with a sodium carbonate solution. I was expecting to see a light blue solid form at the bottom of the beaker and instead I found a green ...
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Can pure hydronium exist?
Can pure hydronium exist? If not, why not? It seems to me (and I am no chemistry expert) like pure hydronium should have the theoretical maximum acidity or minimum pH that a substance can reach.
Can't,...
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When does "always add acid" not apply? [duplicate]
I've been taught a LONG time ago to AAA "Always Add Acid". I've recently come across what feels like an exception to that rule when making piranha solution (you add the H2O2 to the acid). I'...
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Which hydrogens are the most acidic in a THF molecule?
Which hydrogens are the most acidic in a THF molecule? I understand the main factors that influence acidity, but I can't seem to figure this one out and I have not gotten any answers on the internet.
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What chemical species is really acting as oxidizer in hot concentrated sulfuric acid [duplicate]
In some japanese website it is written that hot conc sulfuric acid has greater oxidation power than that of normal temperature since it contains sulfur trioxide formed by decomposition of the sulfuric ...
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pKa and pKb in solvents other than water
I know that when you have aqueous solutions, then the pKa and the pKb are linked to each other (pKa + pKb = 14). Is there an equivalent relationship between pKa and pKb in non aqueous environments? I'...
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Why do grignard reagents add to carbonyls at the carbonyl carbon, and not deprotonate at the alpha carbon to form an enol? [duplicate]
I thought that since grignards are such strong bases that they would be immediately protonated by the alpha hydrogen since it is an acidic hydrogen. However, I keep seeing answers that are saying that ...
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Any compound which can react with some unknown calcium compound [closed]
I have a body made of steel which needs to be cooled, and it is used tap water to do it and over the time that water has deposited some kind of calcium compound inside the cavity where it's running ...
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What is something that is a strong acid and a strong reducing agent, but not a reducing agent because of the conjugate base of that acid? [closed]
So 2 answers I am not looking for is HI and formic acid. Although both of them are acids, HI and formic acid are not doing the reducing, but their conjugate forms, I- and HCOO- are doing the reducing, ...
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is phenolate a strong or weak base? and why?
is phenolate a strong or weak base? I have read somewhere that it would be a weak base. However, since phenolate is the conjugate base of phenol, which is a weak acid, I would think that phenolate is ...
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How does a dry shampoo work?
From my chemistry knowledge, I know that soaps are made from fatty acids and some sort of base and this reaction also gives us $\ce{H_2O}$ so the grease in hair dissolves and gets washed away in water....
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How to calculate the pH of a solution with addition of a complex
The scenario is this. I have $50$ mL of $0.1$ M $\ce{NH4^+}$ at a certain temperature which gives it a $K_a=5.2\times 10^{-8}$. To this solution, I add $0.02$ moles of $\ce{Cd(NO_3)_2}$. It is known ...
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Using acetic acid to make vinegar [closed]
I'm aware that a very similar question has been answered, however that only deals with powdered form and there is no information about food safety in there.
From what I understand, white vinegar is ...
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Strong acid definition
Strong acids are defined as being stronger than $\ce{H3O+}$ and thus dissociate completely in water. However, what does it mean exactly to be stronger than $\ce{H3O+}$? Is it the Ka value? Also, what ...
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Temperature change when mixing different ratios of NaOH and H2SO4 solutions [closed]
Under the same conditions, mixing how many ml of 1M $\ce{KOH}$ solution and 0.5M $\ce{H2SO4}$ solutions to form a total volume of 100ml produces a rise in temperature?
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Understanding the Composition of Sodium Zincate (Na2ZnO2) Formed from Zinc and Sodium Hydroxide Reaction
I've recently conducted an experiment where I reacted zinc with sodium hydroxide to form sodium zincate (Na2ZnO2). However, I'm having trouble comprehending why sodium zincate has the composition ...
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Is size or electronegativity more important in acidity?
For the molecule below, is the hydrogen with the oxygen more acidic or is it the one with sulfur?
Since both parts have the same number of resonance structures, I'm guessing it just boils down to ...
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Can acid-base reaction occur if two compounds (one acidic and one basic) are added to each other while being in their molten states/pure form?
I am a 14 year old school student and have been told that acid-base reactions occur in aqueous solutions only for they produce ions in aqueous solutions only and I can’t help but wonder if they can ...
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Why is sodium zincate two sodium ions and two oxygen ions but only one zinc ion? [closed]
$2$NaOH + Zn ---> Na2ZnO2+H2
I have always been fascinated by this reaction because it never made sense to me why sodium zincate has such a strange composition. Why does it have two sodium and ...
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Does lime juice "alkanize" in the body? [duplicate]
My brothers and I have a dispute. They claim lime juice alkanizes in the body. I contest as an acid it remains acidic in the body. My guess is they are confusing "lime water" with "...
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Why is m-fluorophenol less acidic than m-chlorophenol?
Why is m-Fluorophenol less acidic than all the other m-Halophenols, even though it has the most inductive effect
The data is from :
A guidebook to Mechanism in organic chemistry for the JEE, 6th ...
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The contact process
In the contact process, concentrated sulphuric acid instead of water is used to absorb the sulphur trioxide gas produced.One of the reasons suggested online is that the reaction between sulphur ...
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Reaction of ammonium sulfate with an acid?
Consider the following
Which statements are properties of an acid? Statement 1: React with ammonium sulfate to form ammonia. Statement 2: Red litmus turns blue.
Obviously stataement 2 is false. ...
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Why is pH the most commonly known acidity scale when there are more intuitive ones?
Consider the switch from $$\operatorname{pH} = -\log_{10}\left(\left[\ce{H3O+}\right]\right)$$ to $$\operatorname{acidity} = +\log_{10}\left(\frac{\left[\ce{H3O+}\right]}{\left[\ce{OH-}\right]}\right)$...
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Acidic Strength comparison
I wanted to compare the acidic strength of aniline and water.
Water on losing hydrogen gives $OH^-$ and aniline on releasing H gives $\ce{Ph-NH-}$ and this -ve charge goes into resonance so the -ve ...
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Using a sulfate test to determine % sulfuric acid
I work as an amino acid lab technician in a production facility, and we've been tasked with figuring out how to determine the amount of sulfuric acid remaining in a solution made in our plant. ...
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How does an organic acid change the structure of chrysotile asbestos?
This patent (https://patents.google.com/patent/US5041277A/en) describes how dilute acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid can change the fibrous structure of chrysotile asbestos with up to 98% ...
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Chemistry behind cleaning with vinegar vs citric acid; do they work differently? Should I prepare the same pH solutions to compare them?
I noticed a pack of "Mysterious Citric Acid" while out shopping so I picked it up to see what the big deal was. Several palates of the stuff had just arrived at a local outlet store. I ...
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