# What are t2g and eg in CFT?

In the crystal field theory (CFT), when the splitting of the d-orbital occurs, it gets divided into two parts. The upper part with higher energy is the $$\mathrm{t_{2g}}$$ and the lower part with lower energy is called the $$\mathrm{e_g}$$ as in:

So can anyone please explain me what is this $$\mathrm{t_2}$$ or the $$\mathrm{e}$$ or the $$\mathrm{_g}$$ below.

In this case the $$\mathrm{t_2}$$ groups three of the metal atom's d-orbitals into a certain class while two of the orbitals belong to the $$\mathrm{e}$$ class. The $$\mathrm{t}$$ means triply degenerate while the $$\mathrm{e}$$ means doubly degenerate (degenerate means have the same energy).
The $$\mathrm{g}$$ is not about how many energy levels are degenerate rather it is an indication of the answer to a certain operation we can perform on an orbital. It instead relates to how the orbitals behave if we hypothetically were to put a line bisecting the orbitals or "invert" them around a centre point (crudely put "going from one corner to the other". If the phase of the wavefunction (or perhaps more pragmatic) the "colour" of the orbital lobes changes while doing this we label the orbital with a $$\mathrm{u}$$ if we have no phase change we label it with $$\mathrm{g}$$. They indicate the orbitals response to an inversion about the centre of symmetry.
Actually together they are called degenerate molecular orbital although we use ligand field theory and molecular orbital theory to explain ligand effect in coordination compound, but since you have asked about CFT, my answer focus will be on that only, when a ligand approaches the central atom, we treat ligand a point charge, due to electrostatic force d orbital metal splits Into two half t2g and eg, where eg contain $$d_{x^2-y^2}$$, and $$d_{z^2}$$,they have high energy due to their axial overlapping with ligand orbital, and t2g contain $$dx$$, $$dy$$, $$dz$$, have low energy hence high stability, so firstly we fill the electron in t2g orbital according to the hunds rule, if the ligand is strong then we will fill the lectionary in t2g first then we move toward eg orbital, but if the ligand is weak then splitting energy is less than pairing energy then first electron will filled in each orbital and pairing start after that, I hope this clear your concept.