As I understand the balance in an atom is reached when the number of protons is equal the number of electrons. And the force responsible for this is based on each proton attracting one electron.
But why non-full valence shell attracts electrons from other atoms? Looks like it exerts a force independent from proton-electron bondage force. Does the shell itself have some force?
For example, Na
and Cl
form an ionic bond resulting in NaCl
. But why a balanced atom of Cl
(17 protons VS 17 electrons) attracts an excessive 18th electron from Na
? If it's not the proton of Cl
attracts it then what? Looks like the valence shell has its own force.
P.S: I haven't found the answer in the referred possible duplicate topic.