Timeline for What is the maximum osmotic pressure that can be exerted with water as the solvent at room temperature?
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| Apr 10, 2023 at 19:08 | history | bounty ended | Karsten♦ | ||
| Oct 24, 2022 at 23:13 | comment | added | Kevin Kostlan | You don't need to store a the bulk liquid in high pressure tanks. The only high pressure system is the RO system itself. You can have fixed-size reservoirs of NaCl at intervals of 4% from 0-28% and each membrane only pumps across a 4% NaCl pressure-difference. This is far more energy dense than pumped storage, uses extremally low-cost ingredients, and can be situated on flat land. (I think) a downside is RO membranes are expensive and slow, so getting good round-trip and W/$ isn't trivial. The best bet would be a seasonal system that stores summer solar energy at high latitudes. | |
| Mar 21, 2022 at 20:53 | comment | added | Laff70 | I was hoping for something which could in theory compete with gasoline and lithium ion batteries in terms of energy density. | |
| Mar 21, 2022 at 2:04 | comment | added | theorist | @Laff70: If you wanted to do energy storage on an industrial scale, you wouldn't need to go to the maximum possible osmotic pressure. You could just use the energy to power an industrial reverse osmosis device, and then extract the energy by allowing it to run in the reverse direction. The question is: How robust, cost-efficient, and energy-efficient would this be compared with other industrial-scale energy-storage devices? You can do a search for 'reverse osmois for energy storage'. Here's an example: sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0011916421001594 | |
| Mar 20, 2022 at 18:54 | history | edited | theorist | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
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| Mar 20, 2022 at 17:20 | comment | added | Laff70 | σ is the max stress the material can handle and b and a are the radii of the spherical shell. The other option is by constantly exchanging momentum with particles. An example of this would be a U-shaped pipe with fast fluid flowing through it. The fluid at the U-turn part would be accelerating towards the rest of the pipe and would create an opposing force. Enough of these and several layer of such pipes might allow for the creation of extreme pressure. Still impractical for energy storage. (3/3) | |
| Mar 20, 2022 at 17:19 | comment | added | Laff70 | series of membranes separating sections of fluid of increasing concentrations. While the net osmotic pressure differential would be too much for a single membrane to withstand, a series of them could trivially withstand them. The real issue is the pressure on the container(especially if the container's volume would change, like it is in this case). In order to counteract the pressure, an opposing force needs to be generated. This could be supplied by a curved material with a lot of strain. With a spherical shell, the pressure differential that could be generated would be 2σln(b/a) where (2/3) | |
| Mar 20, 2022 at 17:19 | comment | added | Laff70 | Wow! This is an amazing amount of scientific knowledge and effort! Thank you so much! I was originally wondering if one could use osmotic pressure to create a sort of cheap high energy density battery. Reading your initial comment made me realize that that'd basically be like compressing a virtually-incompressible fluid and storing energy in the minute change in volume at astronomical pressure. Something that'd work in theory but is nearly impossible in practice. I don't think any of the issues regarding that lie in the pressure differential across the membrane though. One could have a (1/3) | |
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| Mar 15, 2022 at 20:20 | vote | accept | Laff70 | ||
| Mar 15, 2022 at 19:54 | history | answered | theorist | CC BY-SA 4.0 |